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December 2016

Volume 97 No. 12
December 2016

ISSN: 0003-0007; eISSN: 1520-0477

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2010 - 2016

Volume 97 (2016)

• 12 December 2016 pp 2249–S145

• 11 November 2016 pp 2019–ES223

• 10 October 2016 pp 1783–ES206

• 9 September 2016 pp 1553–ES182

• 8 August 2016 pp 1341–S275

• 7 July 2016 pp 1131–ES140

• 6 June 2016 pp 907–ESI32

• 5 May 2016 pp 709–ES111

• 4 April 2016 pp 523–ES92

• 3 March 2016 pp 329–ES58

• 2 February 2016 pp 182–ES40

• 1 January 2016 pp 19–142

Volume 96 (2015)

• 12 December 2015 pp 2039–S172

• 11 November 2015 pp 1853–ES200

• 10 October 2015 pp 1641–1787

• 9 September 2015 pp 1440–ES151

• 8 August 2015 pp 1229–ES142

• 7 July 2015 pp 1073–ES32

• 6 June 2015 pp 903–1017

• 5 May 2015 pp 707–ES100

• 4 April 2015 pp 526–ES74

• 3 March 2015 pp 381–479

• 2 February 2015 pp 173–312

• 1 January 2015 pp 16–ES16

Volume 95 (2014)

• 12 December 2014 pp 1825–1908

• 11 November 2014 pp 1659–ES215

• 10 October 2014 pp 1541–1623

• 9 September 2014 pp 1325–S104

• 8 August 2014 pp 1171–ES166

• 7 July 2014 pp 987–S279

• 6 June 2014 pp 837–ES108

• 5 May 2014 pp 677–779

• 4 April 2014 pp 515–ES88

• 3 March 2014 pp 341–447

• 2 February 2014 pp 199–ES38

• 1 January 2014 pp 15–ES22

Volume 94 (2013)

• 12 December 2013 pp 1824–ES188

• 11 November 2013 pp 1643–ES151

• 10 October 2013 pp 1491–1606

• 9 September 2013 pp 1307–S74

• 8 August 2013 pp 1125–S258

• 7 July 2013 pp 991–ES92

• 6 June 2013 pp 776–917

• 5 May 2013 pp 623–ES48

• 4 April 2013 pp 469–ES44

• 3 March 2013 pp 313–ES25

• 2 February 2013 pp 155–ES16

• 1 January 2013 pp 13–ES7

Volume 93 (2012)

• 12 December 2012 pp 1811–1925

• 11 November 2012 pp 1633–ES104

• 10 October 2012 pp 1493–ES91

• 9 September 2012 pp 1317–ES88

• 8 August 2012 pp 1125–ES69

• 7 July 2012 pp 959–S282

• 6 June 2012 pp 783–891

• 5 May 2012 pp 595–ES50

• 4 April 2012 pp 471–ES41

• 3 March 2012 pp 307–ES38

• 2 February 2012 pp 141–ES34

• 1 January 2012 pp 14–ES14

Volume 92 (2011)

• 12 December 2011 pp 1581–1687

• 11 November 2011 pp 1409–ES57

• 10 October 2011 pp 1271–1369

• 9 September 2011 pp 1131–ES35

• 8 August 2011 pp 956–1048

• 7 July 2011 pp 855–E31

• 6 June 2011 pp 699–S236

• 5 May 2011 pp 561–640

• 4 April 2011 pp 429–ES18

• 3 March 2011 pp 291–373

• 2 February 2011 pp 123–213

• 1 January 2011 pp 23–72

Volume 91 (2010)

• 12 December 2010 pp 1625–1703

• 11 November 2010 pp 1475–1539

• 10 October 2010 pp 1351–1427

• 9 September 2010 pp 1179–1266

• 8 August 2010 pp 991–1099

• 7 July 2010 pp 845–s222

• 6 June 2010 pp 723–788

• 5 May 2010 pp 549–641

• 4 April 2010 pp 451–496

• 3 March 2010 pp 305–383

• 2 February 2010 pp 157–249

• 1 January 2010 pp 13–108

2000 - 2009

Volume 90 (2009)

• 12 December 2009 pp 1772–1880

• 11 November 2009 pp 1607–ES35

• 10 October 2009 pp 1435–1554

• 9 September 2009 pp 1277–S32

• 8 August 2009 pp 1062–S28

• 7 July 2009 pp 917–S1

• 6 June 2009 pp 765–865

• 5 May 2009 pp 592–ES26

• 4 April 2009 pp 436–ES8

• 3 March 2009 pp 293–389

• 2 February 2009 pp 175–237

• 1 January 2009 pp 25–ES4

Volume 89 (2008)

• 12 December 2008 pp 1835–1920

• 11 November 2008 pp 1647–ES56

• 10 October 2008 pp 1477–1581

• 9 September 2008 pp 1257–1380

• 8 August 2008 pp 1097–1188

• 7 July 2008 pp 953–S179

• 6 June 2008 pp 793–ES38

• 5 May 2008 pp 599–ES23

• 4 April 2008 pp 437–524

• 3 March 2008 pp 299–S6

• 2 February 2008 pp 153–223

• 1 January 2008 pp 20–94

Volume 88 (2007)

• 12 December 2007 pp 1893–S18

• 11 November 2007 pp 1723–1819

• 10 October 2007 pp 1525–S10

• 9 September 2007 pp 1359–1439

• 8 August 2007 pp 1164–1275

• 7 July 2007 pp 1015–s9

• 6 June 2007 pp 846–s135

• 5 May 2007 pp 627–723

• 4 April 2007 pp 495–568

• 3 March 2007 pp 311–S4

• 2 February 2007 pp 141–252

• 1 January 2007 pp 13–85

Volume 87 (2006)

• 12 December 2006 pp 1662–1751

• 11 November 2006 pp 1481–1584

• 10 October 2006 pp 1319–S16

• 9 September 2006 pp 1187–S9

• 8 August 2006 pp 1025–1110

• 7 July 2006 pp 891–955

• 6 June 2006 pp 731–s102

• 5 May 2006 pp 567–697

• 4 April 2006 pp 421–501

• 3 March 2006 pp 291–s5

• 2 February 2006 pp 169–221

• 1 January 2006 pp 27–94

Volume 86 (2005)

• 12 December 2005 pp 1733–1809

• 11 November 2005 pp 1537–1632

• 10 October 2005 pp 1407–1488

• 9 September 2005 pp 1224–1318

• 8 August 2005 pp 1065–1141

• 7 July 2005 pp 901–991

• 6 June 2005 pp 787–S86

• 5 May 2005 pp 637–689

• 4 April 2005 pp 483–ES20

• 3 March 2005 pp 337–416

• 2 February 2005 pp 162–ES2

• 1 January 2005 pp 39–96

Volume 85 (2004)

• 12 December 2004 pp 1855–ES29

• 11 November 2004 pp 1657–ES20

• 10 October 2004 pp 1483–1594

• 9 September 2004 pp 1247–1385

• 8 August 2004 pp 1067–1151

• 7 July 2004 pp 935–1004

• 6 June 2004 pp 811–881

• 5 May 2004 pp 677–732

• 4 April 2004 pp 512–606

• 3 March 2004 pp 337–430

• 2 February 2004 pp 151–277

• 1 January 2004 pp 16–92

Volume 84 (2003)

• 12 December 2003 pp 1685–1834

• 11 November 2003 pp 1489–1580

• 10 October 2003 pp 1337–1425

• 9 September 2003 pp 1170–1258

• 8 August 2003 pp 990–1082

• 7 July 2003 pp 876–934

• 6 June 2003 pp 759–800

• 5 May 2003 pp 562–656

• 4 April 2003 pp 445–492

• 3 March 2003 pp 331–383

• 2 February 2003 pp 174–247

• 1 January 2003 pp 18–100

Volume 83 (2002)

• 12 December 2002 pp 1757–1839

• 11 November 2002 pp 1593–1663

• 10 October 2002 pp 1471–1504

• 9 September 2002 pp 1276–1352

• 8 August 2002 pp 1143–1198

• 7 July 2002 pp 954–1041

• 6 June 2002 pp 858–938

• 5 May 2002 pp 683–740

• 4 April 2002 pp 509–600

• 3 March 2002 pp 355–448

• 2 February 2002 pp 178–283

• 1 January 2002 pp 19–112

Volume 82 (2001)

• 12 December 2001 pp 2749–2929

• 11 November 2001 pp 2357–2471

• 10 October 2001 pp 2173–2271

• 9 September 2001 pp 1853–2037

• 7 July 2001 pp 1309–1441

• 6 June 2001 pp 1119–1304

• 5 May 2001 pp 861–996

• 4 April 2001 pp 567–710

• 3 March 2001 pp 399–487

• 2 February 2001 pp 205–323

• 1 January 2001 pp 9–119

Volume 81 (2000)

• 12 December 2000 pp 2915–3060

• 11 November 2000 pp 2563–2687

• 10 October 2000 pp 2341–2482

• 9 September 2000 pp 2035–2227

• 7 July 2000 pp 1499–1613

• 6 June 2000 pp 1189–s50

• 5 May 2000 pp 989–1068

• 4 April 2000 pp 677–843

• 3 March 2000 pp 413–589

• 2 February 2000 pp 223–331

• 1 January 2000 pp 5–175

1990 - 1999

Volume 80 (1999)

• 12 December 1999 pp 2631–2720

• 11 November 1999 pp 2199–2357

• 10 October 1999 pp 2019–2097

• 9 September 1999 pp 1819–1905

• 7 July 1999 pp 1341–1431

• 6 June 1999 pp 1045–1138

• 5 May 1999 pp 805–1040

• 4 April 1999 pp 605–682

• 3 March 1999 pp 381–455

• 2 February 1999 pp 191–284

• 1 January 1999 pp 5–97

Volume 79 (1998)

• 12 December 1998 pp 2665–2769

• 11 November 1998 pp 2457–2549

• 10 October 1998 pp 2019–2152

• 9 September 1998 pp 1835–1913

• 7 July 1998 pp 1307–1423

• 6 June 1998 pp 1019–1112

• 5 May 1998 pp 741–1014

• 4 April 1998 pp 581–642

• 3 March 1998 pp 397–455

• 2 February 1998 pp 197–323

• 1 January 1998 pp 5–78

Volume 78 (1997)

• 12 December 1997 pp 2755–2857

• 11 November 1997 pp 2539–2642

• 10 October 1997 pp 2115–2225

• 9 September 1997 pp 1885–1989

• 7 July 1997 pp 1395–1495

• 6 June 1997 pp 1043–1158

• 5 May 1997 pp 803–1038

• 4 April 1997 pp 621–682

• 3 March 1997 pp 381–468

• 2 February 1997 pp 173–255

• 1 January 1997 pp 5–70

Volume 77 (1996)

• 12 December 1996 pp 2857–2936

• 11 November 1996 pp 2625–2728

• 10 October 1996 pp 2209–2332

• 9 September 1996 pp 1967–2105

• 7 July 1996 pp 1465–1577

• 6 June 1996 pp 1169–1267

• 5 May 1996 pp 853–969

• 4 April 1996 pp 653–769

• 3 March 1996 pp 437–549

• 2 February 1996 pp 213–333

• 1 January 1996 pp 5–113

Volume 76 (1995)

• 12 December 1995 pp 2381–2473

• 11 November 1995 pp 2125–2209

• 10 October 1995 pp 1717–1805

• 9 September 1995 pp 1549–1616

• 7 July 1995 pp 1141–1183

• 6 June 1995 pp 869–943

• 5 May 1995 pp 655–720

• 4 April 1995 pp 477–550

• 3 March 1995 pp 319–361

• 2 February 1995 pp 165–233

• 1 January 1995 pp 5–45

Volume 75 (1994)

• 12 December 1994 pp 2269–2302

• 11 November 1994 pp 2085–2145

• 10 October 1994 pp 1765–1835

• 9 September 1994 pp 1589–1661

• 7 July 1994 pp 1165–1240

• 6 June 1994 pp 975–1025

• 5 May 1994 pp 757–822

• 4 April 1994 pp 553–593

• 3 March 1994 pp 349–430

• 2 February 1994 pp 189–261

• 1 January 1994 pp 5–94

Volume 74 (1993)

• 12 December 1993 pp 2317–2373

• 11 November 1993 pp 2133–2202

• 10 October 1993 pp 1828–1908

• 9 September 1993 pp 1669–1713

• 7 July 1993 pp 1293–1360

• 6 June 1993 pp 997–1139

• 5 May 1993 pp 789–834

• 4 April 1993 pp 567–653

• 3 March 1993 pp 355–420

• 2 February 1993 pp 179–243

• 1 January 1993 pp 5–86

Volume 73 (1992)

• 12 December 1992 pp 1947–2024

• 11 November 1992 pp 1785–1834

• 10 October 1992 pp 1549–1610

• 9 September 1992 pp 1352–1438

• 7 July 1992 pp 944–1008

• 6 June 1992 pp 753–794

• 5 May 1992 pp 577–627

• 4 April 1992 pp 425–457

• 3 March 1992 pp 265–314

• 2 February 1992 pp 145–199

• 1 January 1992 pp 3–60

Volume 72 (1991)

• 12 December 1991 pp 1835–1896

• 11 November 1991 pp 1683–1733

• 10 October 1991 pp 1468–1536

• 9 September 1991 pp 1331–1360

• 7 July 1991 pp 954–981

• 6 June 1991 pp 764–813

• 5 May 1991 pp 587–608

• 4 April 1991 pp 467–511

• 3 March 1991 pp 339–371

• 2 February 1991 pp 163–211

• 1 January 1991 pp 2–49

Volume 71 (1990)

• 12 December 1990 pp 1722–1757

• 11 November 1990 pp 1594–1636

• 10 October 1990 pp 1410–1454

• 9 September 1990 pp 1292–1338

• 7 July 1990 pp 988–1020

• 6 June 1990 pp 792–831

• 5 May 1990 pp 649–791

• 4 April 1990 pp 488–537

• 3 March 1990 pp 272–344

• 2 February 1990 pp 145–189

• 1 January 1990 pp 2–52

1980 - 1989

Volume 70 (1989)

• 12 December 1989 pp 1514–1545

• 11 November 1989 pp 1394–1421

• 10 October 1989 pp 1218–1271

• 9 September 1989 pp 1092–1127

• 7 July 1989 pp 738–751

• 6 June 1989 pp 602–622

• 5 May 1989 pp 468–489

• 4 April 1989 pp 354–395

• 3 March 1989 pp 258–281

• 2 February 1989 pp 146–164

• 1 January 1989 pp 4–35

Volume 69 (1988)

• 12 December 1988 pp 1434–1452

• 11 November 1988 pp 1290–1348

• 10 October 1988 pp 1130–1163

• 9 September 1988 pp 1034–1067

• 7 July 1988 pp 730–758

• 6 June 1988 pp 618–626

• 5 May 1988 pp 490–495

• 4 April 1988 pp 362–376

• 3 March 1988 pp 266–295

• 2 February 1988 pp 138–176

• 1 January 1988 pp 4–38

Volume 68 (1987)

• 12 December 1987 pp 1530–1555

• 11 November 1987 pp 1394–1427

• 10 October 1987 pp 1218–1250

• 9 September 1987 pp 1098–1123

• 7 July 1987 pp 762–775

• 6 June 1987 pp 602–630

• 5 May 1987 pp 466–480

• 4 April 1987 pp 306–345

• 3 March 1987 pp 210–236

• 2 February 1987 pp 114–130

• 1 January 1987 pp 4–40

Volume 67 (1986)

• 12 December 1986 pp 1466–1486

• 11 November 1986 pp 1354–1388

• 10 October 1986 pp 1226–1265

• 9 September 1986 pp 1114–1134

• 7 July 1986 pp 818–848

• 6 June 1986 pp 674–702

• 5 May 1986 pp 498–534

• 4 April 1986 pp 402–415

• 3 March 1986 pp 274–309

• 2 February 1986 pp 138–164

• 1 January 1986 pp 4–37

Volume 66 (1985)

• 12 December 1985 pp 1498–1520

• 11 November 1985 pp 1378–1407

• 10 October 1985 pp 1250–1292

• 9 September 1985 pp 1106–1132

• 7 July 1985 pp 786–801

• 6 June 1985 pp 626–650

• 5 May 1985 pp 498–531

• 4 April 1985 pp 394–431

• 3 March 1985 pp 258–291

• 2 February 1985 pp 138–173

• 1 January 1985 pp 4–37

Volume 65 (1984)

• 12 December 1984 pp 1290–1319

• 11 November 1984 pp 1170–1208

• 10 October 1984 pp 1050–1072

• 9 September 1984 pp 938–962

• 8 August 1984 pp 874–876

• 7 July 1984 pp 682–700

• 6 June 1984 pp 554–593

• 5 May 1984 pp 450–470

• 4 April 1984 pp 338–366

• 3 March 1984 pp 210–234

• 2 February 1984 pp 114–142

• 1 January 1984 pp 4–36

Volume 64 (1983)

• 12 December 1983 pp 1346–1365

• 11 November 1983 pp 1258–1282

• 10 October 1983 pp 1138–1143

• 9 September 1983 pp 1026–1037

• 7 July 1983 pp 730–778

• 6 June 1983 pp 602–609

• 5 May 1983 pp 450–462

• 4 April 1983 pp 338–345

• 3 March 1983 pp 234–257

• 2 February 1983 pp 114–147

• 1 January 1983 pp 4–12

Volume 63 (1982)

• 12 December 1982 pp 1370–1370

• 11 November 1982 pp 1266–1313

• 10 October 1982 pp 1114–1141

• 9 September 1982 pp 986–1028

• 7 July 1982 pp 730–730

• 6 June 1982 pp 593–598

• 5 May 1982 pp 482–492

• 4 April 1982 pp 386–399

• 3 March 1982 pp 250–273

• 2 February 1982 pp 146–185

• 1 January 1982 pp 6–15

Volume 62 (1981)

• 12 December 1981 pp 1654–1654

• 11 November 1981 pp 1550–1550

• 10 October 1981 pp 1446–1466

• 9 September 1981 pp 1270–1307

• 7 July 1981 pp 970–974

• 6 June 1981 pp 770–770

• 5 May 1981 pp 594–615

• 4 April 1981 pp 482–593

• 3 March 1981 pp 362–380

• 2 February 1981 pp 194–361

• 1 January 1981 pp 4–36

Volume 61 (1980)

• 12 December 1980 pp 1546–1652

• 11 November 1980 pp 1346–1400

• 10 October 1980 pp 1154–1222

• 9 September 1980 pp 962–1017

• 7 July 1980 pp 682–711

• 6 June 1980 pp 546–559

• 5 May 1980 pp 450–453

• 4 April 1980 pp 314–314

• 3 March 1980 pp 194–313

• 2 February 1980 pp 114–122

• 1 January 1980 pp 4–7

1970 - 1979

Volume 60 (1979)

• 12 December 1979 pp 1414–1427

• 11 November 1979 pp 1303–1315

• 10 October 1979 pp 1142–1174

• 9 September 1979 pp 1014–1074

• 7 July 1979 pp 750–787

• 6 June 1979 pp 638–683

• 5 May 1979 pp 406–438

• 4 April 1979 pp 302–326

• 3 March 1979 pp 182–205

• 2 February 1979 pp 98–123

• 1 January 1979 pp 4–31

Volume 59 (1978)

• 12 December 1978 pp 1570–1597

• 11 November 1978 pp 1409–1437

• 10 October 1978 pp 1275–1304

• 9 September 1978 pp 1074–1158

• 7 July 1978 pp 786–789

• 6 June 1978 pp 690–705

• 5 May 1978 pp 562–580

• 4 April 1978 pp 371–392

• 3 March 1978 pp 267–286

• 2 February 1978 pp 147–160

• 1 January 1978 pp 5–50

Volume 58 (1977)

• 12 December 1977 pp 1270–1295

• 11 November 1977 pp 1156–1193

• 10 October 1977 pp 1036–1068

• 9 September 1977 pp 900–948

• 7 July 1977 pp 588–591

• 6 June 1977 pp 480–501

• 5 May 1977 pp 390–407

• 4 April 1977 pp 304–324

• 3 March 1977 pp 230–232

• 2 February 1977 pp 142–168

• 1 January 1977 pp 4–44

Volume 57 (1976)

• 12 December 1976 pp 1426–1454

• 11 November 1976 pp 1318–1345

• 10 October 1976 pp 1214–1224

• 9 September 1976 pp 1094–1140

• 7 July 1976 pp 774–804

• 6 June 1976 pp 670–694

• 5 May 1976 pp 542–556

• 4 April 1976 pp 398–443

• 3 March 1976 pp 298–310

• 2 February 1976 pp 190–222

• 1 January 1976 pp 4–10

Volume 56 (1975)

• 12 December 1975 pp 1240–1270

• 11 November 1975 pp 1152–1171

• 10 October 1975 pp 1060–1088

• 9 September 1975 pp 964–982

• 7 July 1975 pp 660–678

• 6 June 1975 pp 580–592

• 5 May 1975 pp 524–526

• 4 April 1975 pp 424–467

• 3 March 1975 pp 352–374

• 2 February 1975 pp 208–242

• 1 January 1975 pp 4–49

Volume 55 (1974)

• 12 December 1974 pp 1442–1462

• 11 November 1974 pp 1291–1450

• 10 October 1974 pp 1186–1227

• 9 September 1974 pp 1074–1125

• 7 July 1974 pp 711–767

• 6 June 1974 pp 543–586

• 5 May 1974 pp 374–404

• 4 April 1974 pp 278–296

• 3 March 1974 pp 194–234

• 2 February 1974 pp 86–131

• 1 January 1974 pp 4–21

Volume 54 (1973)

• 12 December 1973 pp 1220–1232

• 11 November 1973 pp 1148–1178

• 10 October 1973 pp 1004–1030

• 9 September 1973 pp 900–932

• 7 July 1973 pp 626–660

• 6 June 1973 pp 502–535

• 5 May 1973 pp 419–424

• 4 April 1973 pp 298–330

• 3 March 1973 pp 198–211

• 2 February 1973 pp 86–197

• 1 January 1973 pp 5–12

Volume 53 (1972)

• 12 December 1972 pp 1154–1162

• 11 November 1972 pp 1074–1110

• 10 October 1972 pp 930–970

• 9 September 1972 pp 846–871

• 7 July 1972 pp 607–644

• 6 June 1972 pp 526–547

• 5 May 1972 pp 402–436

• 4 April 1972 pp 334–352

• 3 March 1972 pp 246–251

• 2 February 1972 pp 102–132

• 1 January 1972 pp 4–15

Volume 52 (1971)

• 12 December 1971 pp 1186–1200

• 11 November 1971 pp 1062–1080

• 10 October 1971 pp 958–980

• 9 September 1971 pp 826–875

• 7 July 1971 pp 534–560

• 6 June 1971 pp 438–462

• 5 May 1971 pp 330–346

• 4 April 1971 pp 238–248

• 3 March 1971 pp 158–166

• 2 February 1971 pp 94–104

• 1 January 1971 pp 4–14

Volume 51 (1970)

• 12 December 1970 pp 1114–1135

• 11 November 1970 pp 1030–1051

• 10 October 1970 pp 926–842

• 9 September 1970 pp 798–855

• 7 July 1970 pp 594–610

• 6 June 1970 pp 474–488

• 5 May 1970 pp 399–412

• 4 April 1970 pp 314–318

• 3 March 1970 pp 206–229

• 2 February 1970 pp 126–142

• 1 January 1970 pp 4–24

American Meteorological Society

Volume 97 No. 12
December 2016

Table of Contents

Volume 97, Issue 12, December 2016 pp. 2249-S145

INBOX

ESSAY

ARTICLES

MEETING SUMMARIES

EXPLAINING EXTREME EVENTS OF 2015 FROM A CLIMATE PERSPECTIVE

Available Issues

Featured Collections

AMS Publications

Get Involved with AMS

Affiliate Sites

Contact AMS

American Meteorological Society

Volume 97 No. 12December 2016

Table of Contents

Volume 97, Issue 12, December 2016 pp. 2249-S145

INBOX

ESSAY

ARTICLES

MEETING SUMMARIES

EXPLAINING EXTREME EVENTS OF 2015 FROM A CLIMATE PERSPECTIVE

Available Issues

Featured Collections

AMS Publications

Get Involved with AMS

Affiliate Sites

Contact AMS

Volume 97 No. 12
December 2016