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Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS)
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Table B28. Primary space-heating energy sources, number of buildings, 2012
Released: May 2016
Number of buildings (thousand) | ||||||
Buildings with space heating | Primary space-heating energy source used1 | |||||
All buildings |
Electricity | Natural gas |
Fuel oil | District heat |
||
All buildings | 5,557 | 4,722 | 1,819 | 2,322 | 205 | 47 |
Building floorspace (square feet) | ||||||
1,001 to 5,000 | 2,777 | 2,257 | 928 | 1,025 | 119 | Q |
5,001 to 10,000 | 1,229 | 1,046 | 398 | 520 | 37 | Q |
10,001 to 25,000 | 884 | 797 | 280 | 433 | 32 | Q |
25,001 to 50,000 | 332 | 304 | 106 | 174 | Q | 6 |
50,001 to 100,000 | 199 | 187 | 70 | 97 | 6 | 10 |
100,001 to 200,000 | 90 | 86 | 27 | 48 | 2 | 9 |
200,001 to 500,000 | 38 | 36 | 8 | 23 | Q | 5 |
Over 500,000 | 8 | 8 | 2 | 4 | Q | 2 |
Principal building activity | ||||||
Education | 389 | 379 | 154 | 182 | 17 | 12 |
Food sales | 177 | 160 | 88 | 56 | Q | N |
Food service | 380 | 359 | 146 | 183 | Q | Q |
Health care | 157 | 153 | 60 | 82 | 5 | 2 |
Inpatient | 10 | 9 | Q | 5 | Q | 1 |
Outpatient | 147 | 144 | 58 | 77 | Q | Q |
Lodging | 158 | 153 | 93 | 45 | Q | 4 |
Mercantile | 602 | 572 | 229 | 283 | Q | Q |
Retail (other than mall) | 438 | 412 | 160 | 192 | Q | Q |
Enclosed and strip malls | 164 | 160 | 68 | 91 | Q | Q |
Office | 1,012 | 989 | 424 | 493 | 32 | 12 |
Public assembly | 352 | 330 | 94 | 164 | Q | 7 |
Public order and safety | 84 | 81 | Q | 45 | Q | Q |
Religious worship | 412 | 408 | 132 | 199 | Q | N |
Service | 619 | 528 | 127 | 290 | 48 | Q |
Warehouse and storage | 796 | 420 | 180 | 213 | Q | Q |
Other | 125 | 100 | 36 | 47 | Q | Q |
Vacant | 296 | 87 | 38 | 39 | Q | Q |
Year constructed | ||||||
Before 1920 | 362 | 322 | 72 | 176 | 40 | 5 |
1920 to 1945 | 488 | 413 | 109 | 248 | 25 | 7 |
1946 to 1959 | 599 | 517 | 187 | 266 | 29 | 5 |
1960 to 1969 | 639 | 559 | 161 | 326 | 37 | 9 |
1970 to 1979 | 684 | 599 | 219 | 311 | Q | 10 |
1980 to 1989 | 915 | 754 | 363 | 336 | Q | 2 |
1990 to 1999 | 845 | 675 | 269 | 320 | 20 | 2 |
2000 to 2003 | 375 | 322 | 145 | 132 | Q | 4 |
2004 to 2007 | 347 | 291 | 161 | 105 | Q | 2 |
2008 to 2012 | 303 | 270 | 133 | 103 | Q | Q |
Census region and division | ||||||
Northeast | 805 | 727 | 138 | 361 | 141 | 15 |
New England | 302 | 264 | 38 | 75 | 93 | Q |
Middle Atlantic | 504 | 463 | 100 | 286 | 48 | 9 |
Midwest | 1,237 | 1,096 | 193 | 768 | Q | 6 |
East North Central | 735 | 670 | 90 | 530 | Q | 3 |
West North Central | 502 | 426 | 102 | 238 | Q | 4 |
South | 2,247 | 1,842 | 1,043 | 647 | 32 | 18 |
South Atlantic | 1,091 | 873 | 557 | 239 | 21 | 8 |
East South Central | 370 | 336 | 153 | 140 | Q | Q |
West South Central | 786 | 633 | 334 | 268 | Q | 5 |
West | 1,267 | 1,057 | 445 | 547 | Q | 7 |
Mountain | 338 | 293 | 80 | 187 | Q | Q |
Pacific | 929 | 764 | 365 | 360 | Q | 5 |
Climate region2 | ||||||
Very cold/Cold | 2,031 | 1,792 | 338 | 1,102 | 155 | 17 |
Mixed-humid | 1,743 | 1,545 | 651 | 709 | 51 | 20 |
Mixed-dry/Hot-dry | 837 | 676 | 332 | 315 | N | 4 |
Hot-humid | 799 | 593 | 466 | 114 | N | Q |
Marine | 147 | 116 | Q | 82 | N | Q |
Number of workers (main shift) | ||||||
Fewer than 5 | 2,892 | 2,184 | 788 | 1,040 | 136 | Q |
5 to 9 | 1,085 | 1,020 | 467 | 451 | 33 | Q |
10 to 19 | 731 | 692 | 269 | 370 | Q | Q |
20 to 49 | 513 | 494 | 186 | 274 | Q | 11 |
50 to 99 | 206 | 203 | 74 | 112 | 7 | 7 |
100 to 249 | 93 | 92 | 24 | 58 | 2 | 7 |
250 or more | 37 | 37 | 11 | 18 | Q | 6 |
Weekly operating hours | ||||||
Fewer than 40 | 1,149 | 815 | 282 | 384 | 40 | Q |
40 to 48 | 1,346 | 1,230 | 472 | 613 | 64 | 7 |
49 to 60 | 1,244 | 1,143 | 425 | 593 | 43 | 11 |
61 to 84 | 764 | 672 | 263 | 348 | 25 | 8 |
85 to 167 | 479 | 414 | 176 | 200 | Q | 6 |
Open continuously | 575 | 448 | 200 | 184 | 22 | 11 |
Ownership and occupancy | ||||||
Nongovernment owned | 4,781 | 4,028 | 1,600 | 1,944 | 176 | 21 |
Owner occupied | 2,466 | 2,198 | 834 | 1,025 | 109 | 13 |
Leased to tenant(s) | 1,745 | 1,458 | 611 | 735 | 52 | Q |
Owner occupied and leased | 349 | 325 | 136 | 163 | Q | 2 |
Unoccupied | 221 | 47 | Q | 21 | Q | Q |
Government owned | 776 | 694 | 219 | 378 | 29 | 26 |
Federal | 33 | 33 | Q | 17 | Q | 1 |
State | 185 | 168 | 58 | 81 | Q | 18 |
Local | 558 | 493 | 149 | 281 | 26 | 7 |
Energy sources (more than one may apply) |
||||||
Electricity | 5,234 | 4,717 | 1,819 | 2,322 | 205 | 47 |
Natural gas | 2,933 | 2,888 | 509 | 2,322 | 15 | 17 |
Fuel oil | 467 | 455 | 85 | 114 | 205 | 10 |
District heat | 48 | 48 | Q | Q | Q | 47 |
District chilled water | 54 | 51 | 20 | 6 | N | 26 |
Propane | 510 | 491 | 122 | 45 | 47 | Q |
Other | 172 | 172 | 33 | 47 | Q | 1 |
Energy end uses (more than one may apply) |
||||||
Buildings with space heating | 4,722 | 4,722 | 1,819 | 2,322 | 205 | 47 |
Buildings with cooling | 4,461 | 4,272 | 1,728 | 2,126 | 135 | 43 |
Buildings with water heating | 4,423 | 4,237 | 1,599 | 2,148 | 169 | 44 |
Buildings with cooking | 1,589 | 1,525 | 558 | 774 | 58 | 13 |
Buildings with manufacturing | 259 | 234 | 87 | 124 | Q | Q |
Buildings with electricity generation |
410 | 400 | 131 | 199 | 25 | 15 |
Percent of floorspace heated | ||||||
Not heated | 835 | N | N | N | N | N |
1 to 50 | 697 | 697 | 369 | 244 | 31 | Q |
51 to 99 | 727 | 727 | 275 | 370 | 28 | 7 |
100 | 3,298 | 3,298 | 1,175 | 1,709 | 146 | 40 |
Heating equipment (more than one may apply) |
||||||
Heat pumps | 628 | 628 | 484 | 117 | Q | 2 |
Furnaces | 755 | 755 | 191 | 485 | Q | Q |
Individual space heaters | 1,247 | 1,247 | 392 | 622 | 81 | 8 |
District heat | 48 | 48 | Q | Q | Q | 47 |
Boilers | 544 | 544 | 83 | 355 | 71 | Q |
Packaged heating units | 2,802 | 2,802 | 1,057 | 1,506 | 85 | 3 |
Other | 62 | 62 | 14 | 27 | Q | Q |
1Additionally, 261,000 buildings used propane and 67,000 buildings used wood, coal, or some other energy source for primary space heating. 2These climate regions were created by the Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE). Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled. N = No cases in reporting sample. Notes: • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. • See Guide to the 2012 CBECS Detailed Tables or CBECS Terminology for definition of terms used in these tables and/or comparison of differences with prior CBECS tables. Both references can be accessed from http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2012/ Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA-871A of the 2012 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey. |