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Last Updated: August 2014

Overview


Map of Romania
Map of Romania
  • Romania’s energy strategy is to secure supply through both fuel imports and domestic supplies and maintain a balanced energy resource portfolio by promoting clean coal technologies, nuclear energy, renewable energy expansion, and shale gas development.
  • Romania has nine crude oil refineries with a total capacity of 467,642 barrels per day (bbl/d) according to the Oil & Gas Journal (OGJ), which is among the largest refining capacities in Eastern Europe. Although Romania's refineries operate below capacity, refinery output exceeds domestic consumption allowing the country to export the surplus petroleum products. Romania consumed 215,000 bbl/d of petroleum in 2013.
  • Oil production in Romania has steadily declined over time. Total crude oil and other liquids production in Romania was 104,000 bbl/d in 2013, down from around 134,000 bbl/d in 2003. Romania has the fourth-largest crude oil reserves in Europe with 600 million barrels of proved reserves as of January 1, 2014, according to OGJ estimates.
  • Dry natural gas production has declined steadily over the past three decades, from its peak of 1.4 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) in 1983 to 375 billion cubic feet (Bcf) in 2012. Romania has the fifth-largest natural gas reserves in Europe with 3.7 Tcf of proved reserves as of January 1, 2014.
  • Romania is looking to develop a shale gas industry and reduce its reliance on Russian natural gas supplies. According to Eurogas, imports of natural gas from Russia accounted for 24% of the natural gas Romania consumed and for 100% of the natural gas Romania imported in 2012.
  • According to the recent EIA study, Technically Recoverable Shale Oil and Shale Gas Resources, Romania holds 51 Tcf of technically recoverable shale gas resources. The government decided to end a moratorium on shale gas exploration in March 2013, and Chevron began exploratory drilling in 2014. However, public opposition against shale gas exploration remains high and numerous protests have been staged around Romania. The government remains concerned about environmental issues related to shale gas development.
  • Romania had a total electricity generating capacity of 58.8 billion kilowatthours in 2011. Romania’s two nuclear power plants generate about 20% of Romania’s electricity. Romania intends to build two additional nuclear plants to increase the share of electricity produced by nuclear to 40%.
  • Renewable energy, mostly from hydroelectric generation, accounted for 23% of Romania’s gross final energy consumption in 2012, according to Eurostat data. The country is one of few in the European Union on track to meet its 2020 renewable energy target, which involves renewable energy accounting for 24% of Romania’s gross final energy consumption.