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Health, Vector-Borne Diseases

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1. Who is at risk for West Nile encephalitis?

All residents are at risk, but persons over 50 are at the highest risk of severe disease.

2. What are the symptoms of West Nile virus infection?

Some people infected with West Nile virus have no symptoms. Twenty percent of those infected develop West Nile fever. Symptoms include fever, headache, fatigue, and body aches and occasionally a skin rash and swollen lymph glands. It is estimated that one in 150 people who are infected develop severe disease with headache, high fever, neck stiffness, disorientation, coma, tremors, convulsions, muscle weakness, and paralysis. Symptoms may last a few days or several weeks.

3. Why did the Health Department stop collecting dead birds?

Birds are not collected because it is already known from testing mosquitoes that the virus is in the area. The focus is now on control by spraying for mosquitoes.

4. What should I do if I find a dead bird?

Avoid direct contact with any dead animals. Use gloves or a plastic bag to place the bird in a garbage bag, and dispose of it with your trash. Be sure to wash your hands afterwards.

5. How can I prevent West Nile virus infection?

Use insect repellent containing DEET. Try to stay indoors in the early morning and evening when mosquito activity is highest. Help to reduce the number of mosquitoes by eliminating standing water in flower pots, pet water dishes, bird baths, buckets, barrels, and cans.

6. What diseases are caused by tick bites?

Some diseases transmitted by ticks are Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and ehrlichiosis. Symptoms may include fever, chills, headache, fatigue, muscle aches, rash, nausea, and vomiting.

7. What should I do if I have symptoms of a tick-borne disease?

You should see your primary care physician. A blood test can determine what type of infection you have. Antibiotics may be ordered.

8. How can I prevent tick bites?

When in areas of possible tick infestation, wear light-colored clothing so that you can easily see ticks crawling on them. Use insect repellents.

9. How should I remove a tick?

Use tweezers to remove ticks. Grasp the tick close to the skin and pull upward. Do not twist or jerk the tick, which could leave the head embedded. Don’t try to burn it out or smother it with Vaseline. After removing the tick, disinfect the area and wash your hands.