7.8102.1 Water Heater Selection

Topic: 
Water Heating
Subtopic: 
Installation and Replacement
Desired Outcome: 
Safe, reliable, and efficient hot water source selected that meets occupant needs at lowest possible cost of ownership and operation
TitleSpecification(s)Objective(s)
7.8102.1a
Selection parameters

Equipment will provide sufficient, affordable, safe, and healthy hot water for the occupant in accordance with 2012 IRC IRC International Residential Code P2801

Potential for solar hot water heating or other renewable energy systems will be assessed in selecting the hot water equipment

Potential for health and safety hazards (e.g., backdrafting, flame rollout, obstructions) will be assessed in selecting equipment and the cost of remedying such problems will be included in any cost and benefit calculations

If a combustion based system is selected, it will be either direct vented or power vented, and ENERGY STARĀ® qualified or an Energy Factor Energy factor Measure of overall efficiency for a variety of appliances. For water heaters, the energy factor is based on three factors: 1) the recovery efficiency, or how efficiently the heat from the energy source is transferred to the water; 2) stand-by losses, or the percentage of heat lost per hour from the stored water compared to the content of the water: and 3) cycling losses. For dishwashers, the energy factor is defined as the number of cycles per kWh of input power. For clothes washers, the energy factor is defined as the cubic foot capacity per kWh of input power per cycle. For clothes dryers, the energy factor is defined as the number of pounds of clothes dried per kWh of power consumed. (EF) of 0.58 or higher

If combustion equipment is selected, a low nitrogen oxide burner will be included

Equipment will be functional at high efficiency under all load conditions

Standby losses will be reduced to maximum potential

Fuel type will be selected based on affordability to occupant

Equipment will be freeze resistant or installed in a conditioned space

Efficiency of equipment will be maintained throughout life of system

Occupant control of hot water temperature will be provided on the equipment

The following will be determined from the occupant:

  • Lifestyle
  • Current and future needs
  • Space considerations
  • Fuel options
  • Health and safety considerations
  • Appliance options
  • Maintenance and operation costs
  • Return on investment concerns

Save energy and water

Protect the environment

Identify appliance options based on the needs and wants of the occupant

7.8102.1b
Product selection

Water heater will be selected based on performance requirements of the occupant, available fuel sources, energy efficiency, and total life cycle cost

In very cold climates, on-demand water heaters will be sized to meet the demand of water flow at very low water intake temperatures

When evaluating an existing thermal solar water heating system, a solar expert should be consulted

The proper installation and maintenance of solar hot water systems is provided in the Uniform Solar Energy Code (USEC) and 2012 IRC IRC International Residential Code Chapter 23

Ensure equipment meets the occupant's expectations while providing efficient energy and water use

TitleSpecification(s)Objective(s)
7.8102.1a
Selection parameters

Equipment will provide sufficient, affordable, safe, and healthy hot water for the occupant in accordance with 2012 IRC IRC International Residential Code P2801

Potential for solar hot water heating or other renewable energy systems will be assessed in selecting the hot water equipment

Potential for health and safety hazards (e.g., back drafting, flame rollout, obstructions) will be assessed in selecting equipment, and the cost of remedying such problems will be included in any cost and benefit calculations

If a combustion-based system is selected, it will be either direct vented or power vented, and ENERGY STARĀ® qualified or an Energy Factor Energy factor Measure of overall efficiency for a variety of appliances. For water heaters, the energy factor is based on three factors: 1) the recovery efficiency, or how efficiently the heat from the energy source is transferred to the water; 2) stand-by losses, or the percentage of heat lost per hour from the stored water compared to the content of the water: and 3) cycling losses. For dishwashers, the energy factor is defined as the number of cycles per kWh of input power. For clothes washers, the energy factor is defined as the cubic foot capacity per kWh of input power per cycle. For clothes dryers, the energy factor is defined as the number of pounds of clothes dried per kWh of power consumed. (EF) of 0.58 or higher

If combustion equipment is selected, a low nitrogen oxide burner will be included

Equipment will be functional at high efficiency under all load conditions

Standby losses will be reduced to maximum potential

Fuel type will be selected based on affordability to occupant

Equipment will be freeze resistant or installed in a conditioned space

Efficiency of equipment will be maintained throughout life of system

Occupant control of hot water temperature will be provided on the equipment

The following will be determined from the occupant:

  • Lifestyle
  • Current and future needs
  • Space considerations
  • Fuel options
  • Health and safety considerations
  • Appliance options
  • Maintenance and operation cost
  • Return on investment concerns

Save energy and water

Protect the environment

Identify appliance options based on the needs and wants of the occupant

7.8102.1b
Product selection

Water heater will be selected based on performance requirements of the occupant, available fuel sources, energy efficiency, and total life cycle cost

In very cold climates, on-demand water heaters will be sized to meet the demand of water flow at very low water intake temperatures

When evaluating an existing thermal solar water heating system, a solar expert should be consulted

The proper installation and maintenance of solar hot water systems is provided in the Uniform Solar Energy Code (USEC) and 2012 IRC IRC International Residential Code Chapter 23

Ensure equipment meets the occupant's expectations while providing efficient energy and water use