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Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW): monitoring of the ozone layer
What is ozone?
Ozone is a special form of oxygen with the chemical formula Ozone constitutes a very small part of our atmosphere, but its presence is nevertheless vital to human well-being. Most ozone resides high up in the atmosphere, between 10 and 40km above Earth's surface. This region is called the stratosphere and it contains about 90% of all the ozone in the atmosphere. Why do we care about atmospheric ozone?Ozone in the stratosphere absorbs some of the Sun’s biologically harmful ultraviolet radiation. Because of this beneficial role, stratospheric ozone is considered “good” ozone. In contrast, excess ozone at Earth’s surface that is formed from pollutants is considered “bad” ozone because it can be harmful to humans, plants, and animals. The ozone that occurs naturally near the surface and in the lower atmosphere is also beneficial because ozone helps remove pollutants from the atmosphere. Video about atmospheric ozone: English version: "The ozone hole", Q&A with Geir Braathen, WMO Senior Scientific Officer, Atmospheric Environment Research Division, Research Department. Joint WMO/UNEP movie about the ozone layer: Click here. WMO informs about the ozone layerWMO informs about the state of the ozone layer in several ways. WMO Arctic Ozone BulletinsThe Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization, in collaboration with the European Ozone Research Coordinating Unit, issues annual bulletins containing information on the development of the Arctic ozone layer over the course of each winter. The bulletins are based on data provided by WMO Members that operate atmospheric monitoring stations in the Arctic and satellites to observe ozone and related parameters globally.
The 2006 issue is the first joint WMO/EC Arctic Ozone Bulletin.
Near-real time plots from Antarctic stations
WMO Antarctic Ozone BulletinsThe first Bulletin for 2016 was published on 23 September. Click on the link below.
An Overview of the 2005 Antarctic Ozone Hole, Ozone web page of the Servicio Meteorológico Nacional of Argentina WMO Antarctic Ozone Bulletins from earlier yearsBackground information and summaries (1995-2003) by Andreas Fischer
Posters at conferencesPoster on the Antarctic ozone hole from 2003 to 2012. Poster on the Antarctic ozone hole from 2003 to 2014. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.3401.1684 Presentations at meetings, workshops and conferencesThe 9th Ozone Research Managers' Meeting: Geneva 14-16 May 2014The World Meteorological Organization, in collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is arranged the 9th Meeting of the Ozone Research Managers of the Parties to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer in Geneva from 14-16 May 2014. The report from the Meeting can be found in Ozone Report no 54. The 8th Ozone Research Managers' Meeting: Geneva 2-4 May 2011The World Meteorological Organization, in collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is arranged the 8th Meeting of the Ozone Research Managers of the Parties to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer in Geneva from 2-4 May 2011. The report from the Meeting can be found in Ozone Report no. 53. The 7th Ozone Research Managers' Meeting: Geneva 18-21 May 2008The World Meteorological Organization, in collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is arranged the 7th Meeting of the Ozone Research Managers of the Parties to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer in Geneva from 18-21 May 2008. The report from the Meeting can be found in Ozone Report no. 51. The 6th Ozone Research Managers' Meeting: Vienna 19-21 September 2005The World Meteorological Organization, in collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is arranged the 6th Meeting of the Ozone Research Managers of the Parties to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer in Vienna from 19-21 September 2005. The report from the Meeting can be found in Ozone Report no. 48.
WMO/UNEP Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion
More information about the WMO/UNEP Scientific Assessments of Ozone Depletion can be found at the ozone assessment web pages of NOAA.
Description of the GAW Ozone Observing SystemThe GAW total ozone and profile ozone networks were designated at baseline networks of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) in 2007. The documentation to describe the ozone observing system can be found here. WMO/UNEP brochure on capacity building for ozone monitoring in developing countriesWMO brochure on the protection of the ozone layerWMO coordinates the global ozone observing networkThe WMO-GAW ozone observing system comprises more than 100 stations worldwide that measure total column ozone and ozone profiles in the troposphere and stratosphere. The WMO secretariat coordinates training and calibration excercises. The WMO-GAW World Calibration Centre for Dobson total ozone measurements is located at the Global Monitoring Division of NOAA. The WMO-GAW World Calibration Centre for Brewer total ozone measurements is located at Environment Canada.The WMO-GAW World Calibration Centre for ozonesonde measurements is located at Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany. The WMO-GAW ozone observing system provides important data for the assessment of the state of the ozone layer and the data are used in the quadrennial WMO/UNEP Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion (see above). Data from Antarctica are delivered in near-real time and used in the WMO Antarctic Ozone Bulletins (see above). Data from the WMO-GAW ozone observing system are collected and stored at the WMO World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Centre (WOUDC) at Environment Canada, Toronto. Contributing NetworksSeveral observational networks are contributing to the overall GAW system. In the field of ozone observations these two networks are linked to GAW. Click on them to go to their respective web sites.
Ozone-related publications17 March 2015: The following research article has been published under the SI2N initiatiave: Intercomparison of vertically resolved merged satellite ozone data sets: interannual variability and long-term trends. Click here to read the article, published in ACP.
Useful links to stratospheric ozone and UV radiation web sitesWMO World Ozone and UV radiation Data Centre (WOUDC) DLR World Data Centre for Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere (WDC-RSAT) NOAA-NCEP: Meteorological Conditions and Ozone in the Polar Stratosphere British Antarctic Survey: Jonathan Shanklin's web site with data in near-real time CNRS, Service d'Aéronomie, Web site with SAOZ data in near-real time NOAA/ESRL Global Monitoring Division's Home Page (data from South Pole and other stations) Brewer data from the Argentine station Marambio (maintained by the Czech Hydrometeorological Inst.) Ground based and satellite data from the University of Bremen Data from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) on the AURA Satellite UV data from Dirección Meteorológica de Chile Data on ozone and UV radiation from the Antarctic Network of NILU-UV radiometers UV and ozone web site of NIWA with UV Index forecasts University of Cambridge Ozone Hole Tour
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