Waterfall is a predictable, linear approach to software development.
The waterfall model is often considered the “classic” approach to the systems development lifecycle and it describes a process that is sequential in nature. The waterfall development model originated in the manufacturing and construction industries; these are highly structured physical environments in which after-the-fact changes are prohibitively costly, if not impossible.
Waterfall development has distinct goals for each phase of development. Once a phase of development is completed, the development proceeds to the next phase with no turning back. This model allows for significant managerial control and schedule setting. However, it does not allow for much reflection, revision or course correction once a vision and requirements have been defined; it is very difficult to go back and change something unanticipated in earlier stages.
Key Features of a Waterfall Project
- Predictable, linear
- One project phase must end before another begins
- Beneficial for projects when requirements are known and change is not anticipated
- Project team roles are clearly defined
- Schedule-oriented
- Documentation is thorough and kept current