An effort to reduce duplication of effort and streamline administrative and reporting procedures was completed in February 1997 by realigning Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps and Officer Training School under Headquarters Air Force Officer Accession and Training Schools. This restructuring placed about three-quarters of Air Force officer production under AFOATS and facilitated the sharing of manpower and expertise with minimum effect on the day-to-day operations of Air Force ROTC or OTS. It also included the Air Force Junior ROTC. In June 2008, AFOATS was re-designated as the Jeanne M. Holm Center for Officer Accessions and Citizen Development.

The Holm Center commander provides coordinated leadership and policy direction for the Air Force's officer recruiting, training and commissioning programs at OTS and AFROTC detachments at colleges and universities throughout the U.S. and Puerto Rico. The Holm Center staff develops curriculum and provides communications, computers, logistics, instructors and financial management support to train tomorrow's Air Force officers. The Holm Center also directs the Air Force's high school citizenship training programs: Air Force Junior ROTC and CAP Cadet programs. The Holm Center provides Air Force advice, assistance, liaison, and oversight to the Civil Air Patrol, a non-profit, federally supported, public-benefit corporation that serves as the official auxiliary of the Air Force. 

Air Force ROTC is the largest and oldest source of commissioned officers for the Air Force. The organization's mission is to produce leaders for the Air Force. AFROTC is located on 145 college and university campuses, with more than 1,100 additional schools participating in cross-town agreements that allow their students to attend AFROTC classes at an area host school. In 2013, AFROTC commissioned almost 1,700 new second lieutenants into the Air Force.

AFROTC offers two primary routes to receive an Air Force commission – the four-year or two-year program. AFROTC has three programs in which enlisted personnel may pursue a commission:  Scholarships for Outstanding Airmen to ROTC, Airman Scholarship and Commissioning Program, and the Professional Officer Course Early Release Program.

Air Force Junior ROTC provides citizenship training and an aerospace science program for high school youth. Enrollment in the AF Junior ROTC program is open to all young people who are in the 9th or higher grade and a United States citizen. The objectives of the junior program are to educate and train high school cadets in citizenship; promote community service; instill responsibility, develop character, and self-discipline; and provide instruction in air and space fundamentals.

Located on more than 870 high school campuses across the United States and selected Department of Defense dependent schools overseas, Air Force JROTC instructs, mentors and guides 118,000 students daily, including more than 1,200 students at 14 overseas units. The Air Force JROTC program is expected to expand to 1,100 units in the future. 

 OTS is the flexible partner of Air Force commissioning programs. OTS is organized as a group-level command with three squadrons and one Air National Guard detachment. The organization's mission is to train and commission quality officers for the Air Force. Depending on each year's production requirements, OTS has the flexibility to increase or decrease production.

 In the past, OTS has surged to meet wartime officer requirements, producing as many as 7,894 new second lieutenants in one year. OTS provides three officer training programs: Total Force Officer Training, Commissioned Officer Training and Reserve Commissioned Officer Training. Together they produce more than 2,000 trained officers annually, which equates to approximately 44 percent of all Air Force officer accessions.

 Total Force Officer Training is an intensive nine-week program that prepares officer trainees for the physical and professional requirements of military service. This training commissions an average of 500-700 new second lieutenants annually.

 Commissioned Officer Training is a five-week program that provides military and leadership training for Air Force judge advocates, chaplains, medical services officers (doctors, nurses, dentists, biomedical science corps officers and hospital administrators), and medical scholarship recipients. It provides military training for about 1,100 officers yearly. These officers are trained for active duty, Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve units.

 The Reserve COT course is a 13-day intensive program designed for hard-to-recruit Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard medical service officers. Students are commissioned before training. The military rank of COT students is awarded based on the professional credentials in their respective fields. Student ranks typically range from second lieutenants to lieutenant colonels. Nearly 200 officers are trained in RCOT annually.

Civil Air Patrol – U.S. Air Force is part of the Holm Center and is responsible for ensuring that Civil Air Patrol is organized, trained, and equipped to fulfill Air Force-assigned missions. CAP-USAF provides day-to-day support, advice and liaison to CAP, and provides oversight for CAP programs, with particular emphasis on safety and programmatic requirements. CAP-USAF personnel are the primary functional interface between other federal agencies and CAP.

For more than 60 years, CAP-USAF has had the distinct mission to provide guidance, assistance, and oversight to CAP organizations nationwide to ensure they are organized, trained and equipped to perform their missions of homeland security, disaster response, citizen development and aerospace education.

CAP-USAF provides assistance and oversight on search and rescue, disaster relief, and other emergencies and contingencies nationwide. CAP-USAF serves as the Air Force program office for the cooperative agreement and statement of work and provides primary functional interface between other federal agencies and CAP. The commander, CAP-USAF is the program manager. CAP-USAF members make up the only active duty flying unit at Maxwell AFB and are the sole operational unit in Air University.

Headquarters CAP-USAF is staffed with 18 active duty military and civil service members. Forward presence in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico is made possible by eight geographic regions. CAP-USAF’s total active component, including all regions, is 74 members. These members are assigned to one of 25 locations across the country. Air Force reservists complement the CAP-USAF team with approximately 115 attached members. The CAP Reserve Assistance Program is the largest Air Force Reserve program in Air University.