The Andromeda Strain (film)

Not to be confused with The Andromeda Strain (miniseries).

The Andromeda Strain
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Robert Wise
Produced by	Robert Wise
Screenplay by	Nelson Gidding
Based on	The Andromeda Strain  by Michael Crichton
Starring	Arthur Hill James Olson Kate Reid David Wayne Paula Kelly George Mitchell
Music by	Gil Mellé
Cinematography	Richard H. Kline
Edited by	Stuart Gilmore John W. Holmes
Distributed by	Universal Pictures
Release dates	March 12, 1971 (1971-03-12TUnited States)
Running time	130 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$6.5 million
Box office	$12,376,563

The Andromeda Strain is a 1971 American science-fiction film, based on the 1969 novel of the same name by Michael Crichton. The film is about a team of scientists who investigate a deadly organism of extraterrestrial origin that causes rapid, fatal blood clotting. Directed by Robert Wise, the film starred Arthur Hill, James Olson, Kate Reid, and David Wayne. With a couple of exceptions, the film follows the book closely. The special effects were designed by Douglas Trumbull.

Plot summary

Main Control Lab at the Wildfire complex

Two crewmembers of the U.S. government's "Project Scoop" investigate the town of Piedmont, New Mexico, to retrieve the Scoop 7 satellite. They find townspeople dead in the streets and die themselves while reporting back to Scoop Mission Control. Suspecting the satellite may have brought back an extraterrestrial pathogen, Scoop Mission Control activates an elite scientific team it had previously recruited for just this type of emergency.

Nobel laureate Dr. Jeremy Stone (Arthur Hill), the team leader, and Dr. Mark Hall (James Olson), the team surgeon, are dropped in Piedmont by helicopter, where they search the town for Scoop 7 in hazmat suits. They find the town's doctor, who died after opening the satellite out of curiosity. Hall cuts the doctor's corpse and finds that all his blood has clotted and turned to powder. Stone and Hall retrieve Scoop 7 and find two survivors — a 62-year-old man and a six-month-old infant.

The entire team of four core research scientists, including Dr. Charles Dutton and Dr. Ruth Leavitt, are summoned from their academic and research appointments to arrive at a secret, high-tech underground laboratory in Nevada, named Wildfire, where they undergo a full day of decontamination procedures, descending through five disinfection levels of the lab. Leavitt recoils and covers her eyes when she sees a flashing red light on the way into the building, but laughs it off with a joke when Stone notices. Before decon, Hall is informed that the facility's nuclear device has been armed and will go off automatically within five minutes should there be a containment breach. He is entrusted with a key to disarm the bomb from designated substations within that window. The team enter the facility under the impression that Piedmont has already been sterilized by a nuclear bomb drop.

The team begins to experiment on the agent inside Scoop 7 and discovers that it is transmitted by air, kills lab animals instantly, and is too large to be a virus. After searching the satellite with a high-powered microscope, they discover the agent responsible for the deaths: a greenish, throbbing mass stowed away on a micrometeorite. It receives the code name "Andromeda".

While most of the team studies the agent in an attempt to figure out how it works, Hall tries to find a cure by figuring out why the old man and the baby survived. Both Hall and his nurse assistant work in encapsulating suits while in the contaminated "hot room". By analyzing their patients' blood and conferring with the man, they discover that the old man Peter Jackson {George Mitchell} has abnormally acid blood from drinking "Squeeze" (Sterno) to relieve his stomach ulcer. No anomalies are found in the baby.

Meanwhile, a fighter jet pilot, after a flyover at high altitude over the Wildfire area, notices his plastic mouthpiece disintegrating. He then loses consciousness and crashes. The military inspects the wreck and finds that the pilot's flesh has dissolved, leaving only bones. They conclude that something inside the plane consumes plastic, foreshadowing later developments at Wildfire. Unknown to the others, Leavitt's research is impaired by attacks of absence epilepsy, which is set off by the flashing red "No Growth" indicator on the Petri dish analyzer. This causes her to report, erroneously, that Andromeda grows on every growth medium.

During chemical study of the agent, the team finds out that the meteorite is in fact made of plastic and that the green mass is a life-form of similar chemical composition to Earth life. However, it lacks amino acids, enzymes and proteins. They then discover that Piedmont has in fact not yet been bombed due to an overly cautious U.S. president. They also hear about the crashed fighter. Working through tensions with federal officials, they again insist the bomb be dropped. Further study of Andromeda, however, reveals that it has a crystalline structure which allows it to convert energy to mass and vice-versa, consuming any available resource without waste. They deduce that a nuclear explosion would provide Andromeda with enough energy to produce a supercolony in a single day, reverse their opinion, and now insist the Piedmont bombing be stopped.

During analysis, the team comes across a germ warfare simulation, indicating that Scoop and Wildfire were designed to actively search for harmful biological agents for use in bio-warfare. Meanwhile, Andromeda mutates into a form that degrades synthetic rubber and plastics and thus escapes from the containment room adjacent to where Dutton is working. Hall rescues Leavitt from a seizure triggered by Wildfire's alarm system.

Hall continues his work on the survivors and finds out that Andromeda propagates only within a narrow pH range and that the baby's rapid breathing kept its blood alkaline and therefore inhospitable for the organism. Jackson's blood was just the opposite: acidosis, and also therefore inhospitable for the organism Over the intercom, he advises Dutton to breathe rapidly as well. Fortunately, Hall observes a rat in good health alongside an Andromeda colony, meaning that the organism has mutated into benignity.

Once all the lab's plastic seals start decaying due to Andromeda, the nuclear self-destruct activates and the team is sealed off on the fifth (lowest) level. Hall races against the clock to reach a substation with his key. With the doors sealed, he climbs ladders in a maintenance access core and endures an attack by automated lasers intended to stop escaped lab animals, until at last he finds a working third level substation, disables the bomb, and passes out.

The military then begins seeding the clouds over the desert with silver iodide, stimulating precipitation which washes the organism into the ocean, where they believe it will be destroyed by alkalinity. A federal board concludes that the crisis is over, and Stone somberly questions what may happen if such a situation were to recur. After the camera pans over the deserted town, the "Andromeda Strain" is shown dissolving in salt water which then turns into "601", the computer number for data coming in to too fast for processing.

Cast

• Arthur Hill as Dr. Jeremy Stone
• David Wayne as Dr. Charles Dutton
• James Olson as Dr. Mark Hall
• Kate Reid as Dr. Ruth Leavitt
• Paula Kelly as Karen Anson (nurse, laboratory technician)
• George Mitchell as Mr. Peter Jackson (Piedmont)
• Mark Jenkins as Lt. Shawn (Piedmont Team)
• Peter Helm as Sgt. Crane (Piedmont Team)
• Joe Di Reda as Sgt. Burk (Wildfire Computer Technician)
• Ramon Bieri as Major Arthur Manchek (Scoop Mission Control)
• Carl Reindel as Lt. Comroe (Scoop Mission Control)
• Frances Reid as Clara Dutton

• Peter Hobbs as General Sparks
• Kermit Murdock as Dr. Robertson (White House Science Advisor)
• Richard O'Brien as Grimes
• Eric Christmas as Senator Phillips (Vermont)
• Ken Swofford as Toby (Technician)
• John Carter as Capt. Morton (military police)
• Richard Bull as Air Force Major
• James W. Gavin as Dempsey (helicopter pilot) (uncredited)
• Garry Walberg as scientist (uncredited)
• Victoria Paige Meyerink as Additional Character

Background

Film rights were bought by Universal for $250,000.

The cast of characters in the novel was modified for the film, most notably by replacing the male Dr. Peter Leavitt in the novel with the female Dr. Ruth Leavitt. Screenwriter Nelson Gidding suggested the change to Wise, who at first was not enthusiastic, as he initially pictured the sex-changed Dr. Leavitt as a largely decorative character reminiscent of Raquel Welch's character in the 1966 film Fantastic Voyage. When Gidding explained his take on Leavitt, Wise resolved the question by asking the opinion of a number of scientists, who were unanimously enthusiastic about the idea. Eventually Wise came to be very happy with the decision to make Leavitt female, as Kate Reid's Dr. Leavitt turned out to be, in his words, "the most interesting character" in the film. Another minor change was the character of Burton in the novel, who became Charles Dutton in the film; no reason was given for this name change.

The Andromeda Strain was possibly the first to use advanced computerized (or optical) photographic visual effects for its time, with work by Douglas Trumbull, who had pioneered effects for 2001: A Space Odyssey, along with James Shourt and Albert Whitlock who have worked on The Birds. $250,000 of the film's budget of $6.5 million was reportedly used to create the special effects.

The film contained possibly the first use of computer rendering (in the mapped view of the rotating 2-D structure of the massive, hi-tech, top secret 5-story, cylindrical underground laboratory in the Nevada desert named Project Wildfire). Biologist Dr. Jeremy Stone (Arthur Hill) turned on the animated computer simulation of the "electronic diagram which rotates to afford an overall view, or it can be stopped at any section. Detailed plans of the various levels and labs are also stored in the system...."

Michael Crichton makes a cameo appearance in a non-speaking role during the scene where Dr. Hall is told to break scrub because he has to report to the Wildfire research facility.

Reception

Critical response

The opinion of critics is generally mixed, with some critics enjoying the film for its dedication to the original novel and with others disliking it for its drawn-out plot. Overall, the film has earned a 67% "Fresh" rating from the film review site Rotten Tomatoes, based on 24 reviews.

Box office performance

The Andromeda Strain was a moderate box office success. Produced on a relatively high budget of $6.5 million, the film grossed $12,376,563 in North America, earning $8.2 million in US theatrical rentals. It was the 16th highest grossing film of 1971.

Awards

The film was nominated for two Academy Awards:

• Best Art Direction (Boris Leven, William H. Tuntke, Ruby R. Levitt); lost to Nicholas and Alexandra
• Best Film Editing (Stuart Gilmore, John W. Holmes); lost to The French Connection

American Film Institute Lists

• AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills - Nominated
• AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores - Nominated
• AFI's 10 Top 10 - Nominated Science Fiction Film

See also

• Shafter, Texas where the movie was filmed.
• The Andromeda Strain (2008 miniseries)

External links

• The Andromeda Strain at the Internet Movie Database
• The Andromeda Strain at AllMovie
• The Andromeda Strain at the TCM Movie Database
• The Andromeda Strain at Rotten Tomatoes
• The Andromeda Strain film trailer on YouTube
• The Andromeda Strain film review at Taint The Meat.com