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The Bureau of Justice Statistics maintains the Annual Probation Survey, an annual data series designed to provide national, federal, and jurisdiction-level data from administrative records on adults supervised in the community on probation. Data include the total number of probationers supervised, by jurisdiction, on January 1 and December 31 of each year and the number of adults who entered and exited probation supervision during the year. Additional data include the characteristics, such as sex, race and Hispanic or Latino origin, and offense of probationers under supervision at the end of each year.
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Press Releases
Probation and Parole in the United States, 2011 Presents data on adult offenders under community supervision while on probation or parole during 2011. The report describes trends in the overall community supervision population and analyzes changes in the probation and parole populations. | |
Press Release | PDF | ASCII file | Comma-delimited format (CSV) (Zip format)
Part of the Probation and Parole Populations Series |
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Probation and Parole in the United States, 2010 Presents statistics about adult offenders under community supervision while on probation or parole during 2010. | |
Press Release | PDF (1.2M) | ASCII file (105k) | Spreadsheet (Zip format 70k)
Part of the Probation and Parole Populations Series |
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Prisoners at Midyear, 1994 This BJS press release reports that the number of persons in State and Federal prisons exceeded 1 million for the first time on June 30, 1994. | |
Press Release
Part of the Prisoners at Midyear Series |
Adults on parole, federal and state-by-state, 1975-2010 Presents the number of persons on probation and parole from 1975 to yearend 2010, by state. | |
Download CSV file (Spreadsheet 18 KB) |
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Adults on parole, by type of offense, 2007 Appendix Table 11 from Probation and Parole in the United States, 2007 - Statistical Tables | |
Download CSV file (Data Table 11 KB) |
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Adults on parole, by gender, 2007 Appendix table 9 from Probation and Parole in the United States, 2007 Statistical Tables | |
Download CSV file (Spreadsheet 3 KB) |
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Parolees returned to incarceration, 2007 Table 6 of Probation and Parole in the United States, 2007 Statistical Tables | |
Spreadsheet (4 KB) |
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Parole in 2006 (Appendix Tables) Appendix Tables for Parole in 2006 consisting of 11 spreadsheets and explanatory notes. | |
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Adults on parole, by gender, 2006 Statistical Table 5 from 2006 Annual Parole Survey | |
Download CSV file (Data Table 3 KB) |
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Percentage of at-risk state and federal parole population returned to incarceration,1998-2006 Figure 2 from Probation and Parole in the United States, 2006 | |
Download CSV file (Data Table 2) |
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Parolees returned to incarceration, 2006 Table 5 from Probation and Parole in the United States, 2006 | |
Download CSV file (Data Table 4 KB) |
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Probation in 2006: Appendix Tables: Statistical table 3. Adults on probation, by status of supervision, 2006 Probation in 2006: Appendix Tables: Statistical table 3. Adults on probation, by status of supervision, 2006 | |
Spreadsheet (5K) |
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Adults on parole, by type of offense, 2006 Statistical table 8 from 2006 Annual Parole Survey | |
Download CSV file (Data Table 4 KB) |
Terms & Definitions |
Parole | Parole refers to criminal offenders who are conditionally released from prison to serve the remaining portion of their sentence in the community. Prisoners may be released to parole by a parole board decision (discretionary release/discretionary parole), according to provisions of a statute (mandatory release/mandatory parole), through other types of post-custody conditional supervision, or as the result of a sentence to a term of supervised release. In the federal system, a term of supervised release is a sentence to a fixed period of supervision in the community that follows a sentence to a period of incarceration in federal prison, both of which are ordered at the time of sentencing by a federal judge. Parolees can have a number of different supervision statuses including active supervision, which means they are required to regularly report to a parole authority in person, by mail, or by telephone. Some parolees may be on an inactive status which means they are excluded from regularly reporting, and that could be due to a number of reasons. For instance, some may receive a reduction in supervision, possibly due to compliance or meeting all required conditions before the parole sentence terminates, and therefore may be moved from an active to inactive status. Other supervision statues include parolees who only have financial conditions remaining, have absconded, or who have active warrants. Parolees are also typically required to fulfill certain conditions and adhere to specific rules of conduct while in the community. Failure to comply with any of the conditions can result in a return to incarceration. |
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