CSEPP Protective Action Toolkit

Evacuation documents

The informational materials in this section are available as PDF files. To view these files, you will need the Adobe Reader which is available as a free download on the Adobe website.

Disabilities

• Emergency preparedness initiative - Guide on the special needs of people with disabilities for emergency managers, planners & responders, National Organization on Disability, 2005.
• Emergency procedures for employees with disabilities in office occupancies, Federal Emergency Management Agency
• Review of evacuation strategies for occupants with disabilities, Institute for Research in Construction, 2002.

Evacuation models

• Development of evacuation time estimate studies for nuclear power plants, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 2005.
• Fast deployable system for consequence management: The emergency evacuation component, ITS Safety and Security, 2004.
• Regional evacuation modeling: A state-of-the-art review, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1991

Federal reports

• Catastrophic hurricane evacuation plan evaluation: A report to Congress, U.S. Department of Transportation in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 2006.
• Emergency evacuation report card 2006, American Highway Users Alliance, 2006.
• A failure of initiative - Final report of the select bipartisan committee to investigate the preparation for and response to Hurricane Katrina, Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina, 2006.
• The federal response to Hurricane Katrina - Lessons learned, The White House, 2006.
• Hurricane Georges assessment - Review of hurricane evacuation studies utilization and information dissemination, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Federal Emergency Management Agency, 1999.
• The legacy of Hurricane Floyd - Inland flooding and a massive evacuation, Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorology (OFCM).
• Statement by Comptroller General David M. Walker on GAO’s preliminary observations regarding preparedness and response to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, United States Government Accountability Office (GAO), 2006.

Guidance documents

• Alternate route handbook, Federal Highway Administration, 2006.
• Best practices in emergency transportation operations preparedness and response: Results of the FHWA workshop series, Federal Highway Administration, 2007.
• Common issues in emergency transportation operations preparedness and response: Results of the FHWA workshop series, Federal Highway Administration, 2007.
• Emergency preparedness guidelines for mass, crowd-intensive events, Office of Critical Infrastructure Protection and Emergency Preparedness, 1994.
• Evacuation procedures in densely populated areas – List of planning responsibilities - General planning model, Office of Critical Infrastructure Protection and Emergency Preparedness, 1995.
• Evacuation planning: A key part of emergency planning, Transportation Research Board, 2004.
• How to plan for workplace emergencies and evacuations, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2001.
• Managing pedestrians during evacuation of metropolitan areas, U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 2007.
• Strategic planning guide for the evacuation of a highly urbanized environment, Office of Critical Infrastructure Protection and Emergency Preparedness, 2002.
• Using highways during evacuation operations for events with advance notice – Routes to effective evacuation planning primer series, U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration.

Hazardous materials

• Description of survey data regarding the chemical repackaging plant accident - West Helena, Arkansas, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1999.
• 2004 Emergency Response guidebook
• Evacuation behavior in response to the Graniteville, South Carolina, chlorine spill, Quick Response Research Report 178, 2005.

High-rise evacuation

• Federal building and fire safety investigation of the World Trace Center disaster - Occupant behavior, egress, and emergency communications, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 2005.
• The study of occupant behavior during the World Trace Center evacuation - Preliminary report of results, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 1995.
• Workshop on building occupant movement during fire emergencies, June 10-11, 2004, National Institute of Standards and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 2004.

State reports

• Analysis of Florida’s one-way operations for hurricane evacuation - Compendium of route by route technical memoranda, Florida Department of Transportation, 2002.
• Modeling small area evacuation: Can existing transportation infrastructure impede public safety?, California Department of Transportation, 2002.
• Southeast United States hurricane evacuation traffic study - Evacuation traffic information system (ETIS) - Training document, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and United States Department of Transportation, 2003.