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2012
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Aging Prisoners: A Crisis in Need of Intervention
By Maschi, Tina, editor; Morrissey, Mary Beth, editor; Immarigeon, Russ, editor; Sutfin, Samantha L..
Fordham University. Graduate School of Social Service. Be the Evidence Project (New York, NY); Collaborative of Palliative Care. Westchester and Southern Region (New York, NY).
This white paper is divided into four parts: introduction and overview; public health, mental health, palliative, and end-of-life care issues; criminal justice policies and practices; and interdisciplinary collaboration and community partnerships. Anyone working with elderly offenders should read this report. Chapters of this publication are: “Introduction” by Tina Maschi, Mary Beth Morrissey, Russ Immarigeon, and Samantha Sutfin; “Visualizing the Aging Prisoner Crisis: A Conceptual Model for Po... Read More
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12 pages
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2012
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Forget Me Not: Dementia in Prison
By Maschi, Tina; Kwak, Jung; Ko, Eunjeong; Morrissey, Mary B..
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11 pages
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2012
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Federal Bureau of Prisons: Methods for Estimating Incarceration and Community Corrections Costs and Results of the Elderly Offender Pilot
U.S. Government Accountability Office (Washington, DC).
This report and accompanying presentation slides assess the U.S. Bureau of Prisons’ effectiveness in reasonably evaluating its Elderly Offender Pilot Program. The GAO “identified limitations in BOP’s evaluation of the Pilot and cost estimates that raise questions about the reliability of the evaluation for estimating future costs and informing policy decisions” (p. 2).... Read More
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35 pages
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2012
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Old Behind Bars: The Aging Prison Population in the United States
By Fellner, Jamie.
Human Rights Watch (New York, NY).
This report provides “data on the number of aging men and women in prison; provides information on the cost of confining them; and … offers an overview of some ways that prison systems have responded to them. The report tackles some policy considerations posed by incarcerating elderly inmates, and raises the human rights concerns that must be addressed if sound policies are to be developed for the criminal punishment and incarceration of older prisoners, both those who grow old in prison and tho... Read More
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110 pages
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2012
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At America's Expense: The Mass Incarceration of the Elderly
By Chettiar, Inimai; Bunting, Will; Schotter, Geoff.
American Civil Liberties Union. Center for Justice (New York, NY).
Data-driven findings and recommendations for addressing the challenges of incarcerating aging prisoners are explained. This report is split into two parts: the aging prison population and its consequences—demographics of a rapidly graying prison population, lower public safety risks of aging prisoners, and the high costs of incarcerating the elderly; and recommendations—short-term reforms, and systemic reform and rethinking the disproportionate sentencing paradigm. Also included is a “Model Cond... Read More
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98 pages
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2012
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Responding to the Needs of an Aging Prison Population
By Williams, Brie; Greifinger, Robert B..
Policy Research Associates (Delmar, NY); John Jay College of Driminal Justice (New Yotk, NY); Jacob and Valeria Langeloth Foundation (New York, NY).
Strategies for addressing the challenges arising from an aging prisoner population are presented. Recommended actions explained are: define “older prisoner”; train staff and health care providers on aging; define prison-based functional impairment; develop a tool for correctional dementia screening; expand research on older women prisoners; expand research on geriatric housing units; expand research on transitional programs; create early medical release policies; and expand research on prison-ba... Read More
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4 pages
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2011
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Balancing Punishment and Compassion for Seriously Ill Prisoners
By Williams, Brie A.; Sudore, Rebecca L.; Greifinger, Robert; Morrison, R. Sean.
Anyone involved with the compassionate release process needs to read this article. The “medical eligibility criteria of many compassionate-release guidelines—which often assume a definitive prognosis—are clinically flawed, and procedural barriers may further limit their rational application” (p. 122). The authors explain how these flaws can be mended. Sections of this article include: the history and rationale of compassionate release; the compassionate release process; medical-related flaws in ... Read More
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5 pages
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2011
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A Descriptive Profile of Older Women Offenders
By Greiner. Leigh; Allenby, Kim.
Correctional Service of Canada (Ottawa, Ontario).
A descriptive profile of the older female offender in Canada is presented. It offers a valuable comparison to the incarceration of older female offenders in the United States. Results from the study are organized according to: descriptive profile—older women offenders in institutions, under community supervision, and release types; risk, needs, and motivation of older women offenders—criminogenic needs and domains , overall risk, motivation, reintegration potential; other issues—institutional mi... Read More
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29 pages
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2011
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Older People in Prison: A Monitoring Guide for IMBs
By Le Mesurier, Nick.
Age UK (London, England).
While this document is written for United Kingdom Independent Monitoring Boards (IMBs), its advice can be easily applied to other agencies “to ensure that people in custody are treated fairly and humanely and are prepared for release” (p. 3). Topics discussed include: older people in prison—the fastest-growing section of the prison population; who the older people in prison are; problems older prisoners face; how you can recognize good practice in support of older prisoners; and examples of good... Read More
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12 pages
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2011
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Trauma and Stress Among Older Adults in the Criminal Justice System: A Review of the Literature with Implications for Social Work
By Maschi, Tina; Dennis, Kelly Sullivan; Gibson, Sandy; MacMillan, Thalia; Sternberg, Susan; Hom, Maryann.
Empirical studies addressing the trauma and stress experienced by elderly offenders are reviewed. This should be read by anyone working with this population. This article includes these sections: background; methods; findings—research methods used across studies, ethnicity, history of traumatic and stressful experiences, age specific stressors among older adult prisoners, consequences and correlates of trauma and stress, and coping resources as a protective factor; and discussion. “Overall, the ... Read More
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35 pages
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2011
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Age, Cumulative Trauma and Stressful Life Events, and Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms Among Older Adults in Prison: Do Subjective Impressions Matter?
By Maschi, Tina; Morgen, Keith; Zgoba, Kristen,; Courtney, Deborah; Ristow, Jennifer.
The relationship among older prisoners between age, trauma, stressful life events, and post-traumatic stress is examined. Sections of this article include an executive summary, review of the literature, methods, findings, and discussion. “Results of a path analysis revealed that past year subjective impressions of traumatic and stressful life events had a positive and significant relationship to current post-traumatic stress symptoms. Age was found to have a significant and inverse relationship ... Read More
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12 pages
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2010
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Doing Time: Good Practice with Older People in Prison—The Views of Prison Staff
By Cooney, Francesca; Braggins, Julia.
Lloyds TSB Bank Plc (London, England).
Prison Reform Trust (London, England).
This report looks at what good practice is when dealing with older prisoners. This study is distinctive in that it focuses on the views of prison staff who work with elderly people in prisons. Nine chapters comprise this document: introduction; consulting older people in prison; physical environment; needs assessment and support with daily living; peer support; outside links; regimes and social activities; staff and prisoners; and conclusions. Diversion programs and compassionate release can be ... Read More
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99 pages
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2010
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Effectively Managing Aging and Geriatric Offenders [Satellite/Internet Broadcast held March 11, 2010]
National Institute of Corrections Academy (Aurora, CO).
This 3-hour program will interest anyone dealing with geriatric offenders. Issues covered during this presentation include:
- Who geriatric offenders are
- Awareness of their needs
- Staff training
- And special considerations for this population.
Participants will be able to: develop criteria to identify geriatric offenders; describe challenges and options for training staff and improving day to day operations to better manage this population; identify strategies, includi... Read More
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2 DVDs (146 min.)
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2010
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Planning Services for Elderly Inmates with Mental Illness
By Cox, Judith F.; Lawrence, James E..
This article provides an effective framework for addressing challenges with an ever increasing population of aging mentally ill offenders. This is done by describing the seven planning areas that are necessary for the mental health needs of elderly offenders. These core elements are: early detection; access to mental health treatment appropriate for the offender; suicide prevention; programming that supports the offenders need to cope with loss and stress of confinement; coordination of medical ... Read More
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6 p.
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2010
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It’s About Time: Aging Prisoners, Increasing Costs, and Geriatric Release
By Chiu, Tina.
Pew Charitable Trusts. Pew Center on the States. Public Safety Performance Project (Washington, DC).
Vera Institute of Justice. Center on Sentencing and Corrections (New York, NY).
This report, “based upon a statutory review of geriatric release provisions…offers recommendations for responding to the disparities between geriatric release policies and practice” (p.2). Agencies will want to look this document over to see if they are compliant with their own geriatric release laws. These sections follow an executive summary: introduction; background; state approaches to releasing older inmates vary; examining the gap between intent and impact; recommendations; and conclusion.... Read More
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14 p.
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2009
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The Graying of America's Prisons, Parts One and Two
By Ridgeway, James.
thecrimereport.org.
This essay presents a very good introduction to the issues surrounding geriatric prisoners. Part One looks at “one of the hidden legacies of the tough-on-crime policies of previous decades—a growing population of aging and ill offenders behind bars” while Part Two “explores the movements in several states to relieve the burdens and tragedy [of] America’s increasingly geriatric prison population.”... Read More
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7 p.
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2009
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Extraordinary and Compelling: A Re-Examination of the Justifications for Compassionate Release
By Berry, William W., III.
"This article considers the theoretical justifications for compassionate release in an attempt to develop a framework to evaluate what circumstances rise to the level of 'extraordinary and compelling'" (p. 1). Sections following an abstract include: introduction; the case for reconsidering compassionate release; compassionate release in the federal system; the justification for compassionate release; when compassionate release benefits the state; and conclusion.... Read More
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42 p.
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2004
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Correctional Health Care: Addressing the Needs of Elderly, Chronically Ill, and Terminally Ill Inmates
By Anno, B. Jaye; Graham, Camelia; Lawrence, James E.; Shansky, Ronald.
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
Criminal Justice Institute (Middletown, CT); National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
An exploratory report regarding the management of aging and infirm inmates is presented. Six chapters follow an executive summary: - Introduction;
- What we know about elderly, chronically ill, and terminally ill inmates;
- Effective evaluation for identifying the special needs of inmates;
- Program, housing, and treatment considerations;
- Ethical and policy considerations for the care of elderly and infirm inmates;
- And conclusion.
Appendixes include: Criminal Ju... Read More
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148 p.
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2001
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Correctional Health Care: Suicide Prevention [Lesson Plan and Participant's Manual]; Prison Health Care: Suicide Prevention
National Institute of Corrections Academy (Longmont, CO); National Institute of Corrections. Prisons Division (Washington, DC).
Common health-based risk factors, programmatic guidelines, and various methods of suicide prevention are discussed during this 20-hour course. This manual contains sections about: the importance of suicide prevention to prison administrators and clinicians; standards of care and liability (case law); aftermath of a suicide; suicide risk indicators; geriatric inmates; and presentation overviews. The lesson plan is presented as an "executive summary" (issue overview).... Read More
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2 v. (v.1 - 68 p., v.2 - ca. 205 p.)
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1997
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Prison Medical Care: Special Needs Populations and Cost Control - Special Issues in Corrections
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
National Institute of Corrections Information Center (Longmont, CO); LIS, Inc. (Longmont, CO); National Institute of Corrections. Prisons Division (Washington, DC).
Departments of corrections nationwide were surveyed regarding care for populations with specialized medical care needs and also regarding means the departments are using to contain or reduce their overall costs for medical services. The section on specialized needs details state responses concerning medical care for elderly, terminally ill, and chronically ill inmates. Tables identify main facilities housing elderly inmates with special medical needs, responses available for elderly inmates with... Read More
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15 p.
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1992
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An Administrative Overview of the Older Inmate
By Morton, Joann B..
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
To help correctional administrators meet the needs of an increasing number of older inmates, this document explores primary policy and programmatic issues relevant to this population.
It provides a brief overview of existing literature, describes current special unit programs designed for older inmates, and provides an extensive list of resources available for those focusing their efforts on these inmates.... Read More
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40 p.
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1990
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Special Needs Inmates: A Survey of State Correctional Systems
By Hall, Marie.
National Institute of Corrections National Academy of Corrections (Boulder, CO).
Illinois Dept. of Corrections (Springfield, IL).
The Illinois Department of Corrections conducted a survey of all 50 states to determine the prevalence of inmates who have special medical or mental health needs. Within the 31 states responding, .08 percent to 8.2 percent of prison inmates fell into various special housing categories. These categories included chronic illness, terminally ill, advancing age, ambulation difficulties, and mental health problems.... Read More
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34 p.
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