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"advantages"

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This slide includes a table with two columns and four rows. Column 1, row 1: potential advantages. Column 2, row 1: potential disadvantages.Column 1, row 2: Higher dose delivered to tumor. Column 2, row 2: Higher total body dose. Column 1, row 3: Sparing of normal, surrounding tissue from radiation damage. Column 2, row 3: Increased risk of marginal miss and dose perturbation. Column 1, row 4: Decreased toxicity. Column 2, row 4: time and expense. A definition of abreviations is included on the slide: IMRT = intensity-modulated radiation therapy; 2DRT = two-dimensional radiation therapy; 3DCRT = three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy. A footnote includes the following references: (1) Ballivy O, Santamaria RG, Borbalas AL, et al. Clinical application of intensity-modulated radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2008;10:407-14; (2) Burri MK, Bevan A, Roach M III. Advances in radiation therapy: conventional to 3D, to IMRT, to 4D, and beyond. CA Cancer J Clin 2005;55:117-34; (3) Mendenhall WM, Amdur RJ, Palta JR. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy in the standard management of head and neck cancer: promises and pitfalls. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:2618-23; (4) Samson DJ, Ratko TA, Rothenberg BM, et al. Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Radiotherapy Treatments for Head and Neck Cancer, Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 20 (Prepared by the Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association Technology Evaluation Center Evidence-based Practice Center under Contract No. 290-02-0026). Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; May 2010. AHRQ Publication No. 10-EHC014-EF. Available at: http://www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/index.cfm/search-for-guides-reviews-and-reports/?pageaction=displayproduct&productID=447.
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Potential Advantages and Disadvantages of IMRT When Compared With 2DRT and 3DCRT

Presentation: Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Radiotherapy Treatments for Head and Neck Cancer
Keywords: 2DRT | 3DCRT | adverse events | head and neck cancer | IMRT | outcomes | safety | treatment | radiotherapy
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Proton Beam Therapy

Presentation: Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Radiotherapy Treatments for Head and Neck Cancer
Keywords: head and neck cancer | planning | proton beam therapy | treatment | radiotherapy
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Evidence on the Comparative Effectiveness Regarding Quality of Life and Adverse Events

Presentation: Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Radiotherapy Treatments for Head and Neck Cancer
Keywords: 3DCRT | adverse events | head and neck cancer | IMRT | outcomes | quality of life | radiotherapy | comparative effectiveness
This slide graphically presents numerical differences in late xerostomia reported by seven different reports comparing IMRT vs. 3DCRT. The difference in percentages of adverse avents that occurred with IMRT vs. 3DCRT ranged from 7% to 79%. Four studies found large (greater than 15 percentage points) significant differences favoring IMRT over 3DCRT in the frequency of late xerostomia.
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Studies Regarding Quality of Life and Adverse Events: IMRT vs. 3DCRT

Presentation: Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Radiotherapy Treatments for Head and Neck Cancer
Keywords: 3DCRT | adverse events | head and neck cancer | IMRT | outcomes | quality of life | radiotherapy | xerostomia | comparative effectiveness
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What To Discuss With Your Patients

Presentation: Comparative Effectiveness of Management Strategies for Adults With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: An Update
Keywords: shared decision making | discuss with patients | discuss with caregivers
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Operationalizing the Comparison Group in Comparative Effectiveness Research (1 of 2)

Presentation: Comparator Selection in Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research
Keywords: comparison group | indication | initiation
Scoring and Reporting: General Guidance. Use different approaches to incorporate multiple domains into an overall strength-of-evidence grade. GRADE algorithm. Weighting system of the Evidence-based Practice Center. Some qualitative approach. Use (at least) two reviewers. Assess resulting interrater reliability for each domain score, and keep records.
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Scoring and Reporting: General Guidance

Presentation: Grading Strength of Evidence
Keywords: body of evidence | Evidence-based Practice Center | transparency | GRADE | strength of evidence
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Background: Using Coronary Angiography To Diagnose Coronary Artery Disease

Presentation: Noninvasive Technologies for Diagnosing Coronary Artery Disease in Women
Keywords: background | coronary artery disease | CAD | women | diagnosis | coronary angiography
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Clinical Outcomes (1 of 2)

Presentation: Outcome Definition and Measurement in Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research
Keywords: clinical outcomes | temporal aspects | assessments | end points
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Selection of a Patient-Reported Outcome Measure

Presentation: Outcome Definition and Measurement in Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research
Keywords: considerations for selection | PRO measures
Scientific Information Packets (SIPs). SIPs are provided by the company manufacturing the drug or device. SIPs contain information about products, including the product label and published and unpublished trials or studies. They: can help to overcome publication bias by identifying trials that remain unpublished; can identify soon-to-be-released trials that can ultimately be captured in comparative effectiveness reviews (CERs); and allow drug and device manufacturers to be explicitly involved in helping provide a literature base to a CER.
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Scientific Information Packets (SIPs)

Presentation: Searching for Relevant Studies
Keywords: scientific information packets | publication bias | comparative effectiveness review
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Primary Data

Presentation: Selection of Data Sources for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research
Keywords: prospective observational studies | registries | primary data
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