WHAT ARE GENETIC DISORDERS?

Disorder Box

A genetic disorder is a disease that is caused by an abnormality in an individual's DNA. Abnormalities can range from a small mutation in a single gene to the addition or subtraction of an entire chromosome or set of chromosomes. To learn more about different genetic disorders, browse through the Genetic Disorder Library.

Genetic Disorders Library
GENETIC COUNSELORS

Find out about health professionals that assist families who are affected by genetic disorders.

Hypothyroidism Colon Cancer Breast/Ovarian Cancer Alzheimers Disease Klinefelter Syndrome Down Syndrome Cri-du-Chat syndrome Huntington’s Disease Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) Williams Syndrome Turner Syndrome Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) Phenylketonuria (PKU) Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLOS) Sickle cell disease Severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (SCID) Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) deficiency Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency Cystic fibrosis Galactosemia Pachyonychia Congenita

Multifactorial disorders result from mutations in multiple genes, often coupled with environmental causes.

Cri-du-Chat syndrome

Down Syndrome

Klinefelter Syndrome

Galactosemia

Cystic fibrosis

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency

Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) deficiency

These disorders result when a mutation causes the protein product of a single gene to be altered or missing.

Hypothyroidism

Colon cancer

Breast/Ovarian cancer

Alzheimer's disease

In these disorders, entire chromosomes, or large segments of them, are missing, duplicated, or otherwise altered.

Huntington's disease

Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD)

Turner Syndrome

Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1)

Williams Syndrome

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (SCID)

Sickle cell disease

Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLOS)

Pachyonychia Congenita

NEWBORN GENETIC SCREENING

A simple heel prick can prevent a lifetime of disability.

SCIENTIST PROFILE

Anthea Letsou, Ph.D.
Defining what it means to be a "good scientist."

NCRR/SEPA Supported by a Science Education Partnership Award (SEPA) [No. 1 R25 RR16291-01] from the National Center for Research Resources, a component of the National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services. The contents provided here are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official