*Party division totals are based on election day results.
Tariff politics dominated the 22nd Congress (1831–1833). Increasing Southern complaints over the 1828 “Tariff of Abominations” prompted passage of a revision in 1832. Still disgruntled, South Carolinians championed nullification, a doctrine that would allow each state to judge the constitutionality of federal laws. In response, Congress passed a Compromise Tariff in 1833 and authorized the military to uphold it. A Whig effort to renew the Second Bank of the United States before its charter expired provoked a veto from President Andrew Jackson—the first veto in American history based on policy rather than on legal grounds.
Learn more about the People of the People's House
To view complete lists of individuals who have served in these leadership and official positions since the 1st Congress, visit the People section
