Click on the image below to enlarge it and download a high-resolution
JPEG file. Robert H. Mohlenbrock. USDA SCS. 1989. Midwest wetland flora: Field office illustrated guide to plant species. Midwest National Technical Center, Lincoln. Courtesy of USDA NRCS Wetland Science Institute. Usage Requirements.
This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. This plant
may be known by one or more common names in different
places, and some are listed above. Click on an acronym
to view each weed list, or click here for a
composite list of Weeds of the U.S.
Stubbendieck, J., G.Y. Friisoe, & M.R. Bolick.
1994.
Weeds of Nebraska and the Great Plains.
Nebraska Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry.
Lincoln, Nebraska.
Southern Weed Science Society.
1998.
Weeds of the United States and Canada. CD-ROM.
Southern Weed Science Society.
Champaign, Illinois.
Wetland Indicator Status:
NOTE: On June 1, 2012, the 2012 National Wetland Plant List superseded the information below (see Federal Register, May 9, 2012, 77(90): 27210-27214[https://federalregister.gov/a/2012-11176]). For updated wetland information about this species, see the latest wetland list.