... Title : Thermodynamics of Alloys. Vapour Pressure Studies of Manganese-Nickel and Manganese-Silicon Liquid Alloys. ...
DTIC Science & Technology
... Accession Number : ADD101500. Title : DETERMINATION OF THE VAPOUR PRESSURE OF LIQUID TITANIUM DURING LEVITATION MELTING,. ...
The nature of vapour bubble shape stability is calculated on the basis of application of pressure distribution obtained around the vapour bubble growing in a boiling liquid. Stability regions of the vapour bubble shape, determined by a bubble size and by ...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
water vapour content. To separate the hydrostatic from the wet component, the exact pressure valueIntroduction The distribution of water vapour in the atmosphere contributes significantly, the knowledge of the regional water vapour distribution (with sufficient temporal and spatial resolution
E-print Network
The effect of the pressure of mercury vapour acting on the free surfaces of the two arms of a manometer is discussed, particularly in relation to the MRL interferometric manometer. (Author)
... Accession Number : ADA068371. Title : The Effect of Mercury-Vapour Pressure in a Mercury Manometer. Descriptive Note : Technical note,. ...
... studies has been (emonstrated. New vapour pressure mreasurements have been m.ade on solid cadmium (480 - 570 °K ...
... Title : Phase Transitions of Adsorbates. Part 2. Vapour Pressure and Extension Isotherms of the Porous-Glass plus Water System Below 0C,. ...
perature, pressure, ozone, water vapour and atmospheric temperature profile. ... joint retrieval of surface temperature, pressure, ozone, water vapour and ...
NASA Website
... IRIDIUM COMPOUNDS, MOLYBDENUM COMPOUNDS, NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE, OSMIUM COMPOUNDS, OXYFLUORIDES ...
that the partial vapour pressure of the pinic acid dimer should be close to the experimental subcooled vapour to be close to unity (Kamens et al., 1999) and p0 L,i is the subcooled vapour pressure of compound i properties (e.g. vapour pressure, critical ...
... Title : Climatic Maps of the Sea Surface-Air Difference in Vapour Pressure and in Potential Temperature over the Eastern Indian Ocean. ...
Vapour, in pelleting machines, is used to enhance granulate cohesiveness and machine productivity, reduce power consumption, limit bacteriological activity and reduce the machine wear. In order to optimize the processing costs, vapour feeding have to be s...
In this book a set of experimental vapour pressure data is collected. In addition, smoothed values of the pressures, as obtained by fitting the data to the Antoine equation, are presented together with the calculated boiling points and sets of the Antoine constants for each component.
Energy Citations Database
The majority of measurements of mercury vapour, for example those to determine mass concentration in air, are currently ultimately traceable to the vapour pressure of mercury, usually via a bell-jar calibration apparatus. This allows a saturated concentration of mercury vapour in air to develop in a confined space ...
PubMed
An account is given of the ways in which the relationship between temperature and vapor pressures of single component liquids may be expressed mathematically. Chebyshev polynomials and vapor-pressure measurement was adapted and amplified. The representati...
An apparatus is described for measuring the vapour pressure-temperature relationship for solid nitrogen. Measurements have been made down to 50 K and it is hoped to extend this range to 40 K or lower. A difference exists between present and previous data ...
The vapour pressures of different isotopic hydrogen, water and ammonia molecules have been calculated. These vapour pressures can be used to evaluate relative volatilities of different species for separation of tritium isotopes by distillation. The equili...
A life cycle assessment has been done to compare the potential environmental impacts of various gasoline blends that meet octane and vapour pressure specifications. The main blending components of alkylate, cracked gasoline and reformate have different octane and vapour pressure...
EPA Science Inventory
The bibliography of research on vapour pressure isotope effects from 1919 to December 1975 is presented in chronological order. Within each year the references are listed alphabetically according to the name of the first author of each work. The bibliogra...
One of the phenomena that affect the water loss in newborn infants is the humidity. The evaporation is determined by the vapour partial pressure. As well as temperature control, the reduction of the vapour partial pressure oscillations has an important role in the establishment of thermal comfort for newborn ...
... Abstract : A precision oscillation viscometer for determination of the viscosity for low-viscous salts with high vapour pressures has been developed. ...
... SILVER ALLOYS, TEST METHODS, SOLIDS, CADMIUM, BISMUTH, THALLIUM, LIQUID METALS, BISMUTH ALLOYS, LEAD ALLOYS, THALLIUM ...
... Abstract : The thermal expansion coefficient of liquid He4 under the saturated vapour pressure and the density derivatives of the Landau ...
This paper was previously abstracted from the original language and appears in NSA, Vol. 12, as abstract No. 10560.
... polybrominated flame retardants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs] and ... (2) identifying key chemical properties, e.g. vapour pressures and ...
method is based on a time projection chamber (TPC) filled with low�pressure triethylamine (TEA). Images can be found in [1]. The chamber is operated with triethylamine (TEA) vapour at a pressure of 10 h
... PT = total pressure P = saturated vapour pressure. ... and Starching on Insulation and Vapor Permeability of ... JL Finck, 1930, Research NBS 5, 973. 34. ...
A prediction method based on group contribution principles is proposed for estimating the vapour pressure of ?-pinene oxidation products. Temperature dependent contributions are provided for the following chemical groups: carbonyl, nitrate, hydroxy, hydroperoxy, acyl peroxy nitrate and carboxy. On the basis of observed vapour ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
When liquid is injected into a geothermal reservoir, a fraction of the liquid may vaporise if the reservoir is sufficiently hot. The vapour forms at an approximately planar liquid-vapour interface and diffuses towards the far boundary of the reservoir. If vapour is extracted from the far boundary, then once the new ...
A new molecular simulation method for the calculation of vapour-liquid equilibria of mixtures is presented. In this method, the independent thermodynamic variables are temperature and liquid composition. In the first step, one isobaric isothermal simulation for the liquid phase is performed, in which the chemical potentials of all components and their derivatives with respect ...
The frequently used vapour pressure versus Kov�ts retention index relationship has been evaluated in terms of its universal applicability, highlighting the problems associated with predicting the vapour pressures of structurally divergent organic compounds from experimentally measured isothermal Kov�ts ...
adsorbent followed by thermal desorption and cold vapour atomic fluorescence spectroscopy. Due to a lack of a pressure measure during Cessna flights 1, ...
A pressure suppression system in a spherical containment for nuclear reactors is described. In addition, the condensation chamber has been arranged in such a way that the vapour in every operational accident can be condensed. (GE)
Knudsen Effusion Mass Spectrometry (KEMS) has been used to measure for the first time the solid state vapour pressures of a series of aliphatic cyclic dicarboxylic acids with increasing ring size. Additionally the atmospherically important compounds; cis-pinonic acid and levoglucosan were also measured. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was used to ...
... address potential residue-transfer routes (eg, direct deposit, volatilization and sorption/condensation, direct transfer from ... Vapour pressure at __�C, ...
EPA Pesticide Factsheets
... ure 2 S,.anning Eeccrcn MicrV graphs o" he ... generated primary stream of vapours and gases was diluted with pressurized air (10% relative ...
cients, and Vapour Pressures of Dibutylphthalate and Butyl Stearate. Royal Society of London Proc. , Vol. 186 A, - 1946, pp. 368-390. ...
We determined that temperature was a growth-limiting factor at both sites Vapour Pressure Deficit (VPD) however was not. MODIS fPAR is a useful tool for the ...
... perpendicular to the substrate, is used to locally heat the substrate (pyrolytic atmospheric pressure Laser induced Chemical Vapor Deposition). ...
... 9 VariaLion of vapour pressure with temperature for sodium chloride ... on the stator segments showed that 8.3 per cent was water soluble and was ...
Steady-state water evaporation experiments on a stainless steel funnel demonstrate that the local evaporation fluxes are uniform before the thermocapillary convection transition at an evaporation droplet. If a thermocapillary flow is present, the local evaporation fluxes become nonuniform along the interface as a result of effects of thermal conduction from both liquid and ...
A liquid aerosol generator of the dispersion type was designed, constructed and calibrated. For the polydisperse kerosene aerosols, the mean droplet diameters were found to be inversely proportional to the vapour pressures.
of surface temperature, pressure, ozone, water vapour and atmospheric temperature profiles. The bottom plot is a blown up version of the above plot. The width ...
... An error in the vapour pressure leading, for example, to n lower viluc of Tc ... SI was 4;, or less." Since^ in this report, the SI's have teen calculated with ...
A prediction method based on group contribution principles is proposed for estimating the vapour pressure of ?-pinene oxidation products. Temperature dependent contributions are provided for the following chemical groups: carbonyl, nitrate, hydroxy, hydroperoxide, acyl peroxy nitrate and acid. On the basis of observed vapour ...
We present experimental results showing that large amplitude capillary waves at a liquid-vapour interface substantially enhance the interfacial heat and mass transfer. The experiments have been conducted in a circular cylinder that is partially filled with a wetting liquid of low boiling point temperature and pressurized by its vapour. ...
Generation of an electric signal is investigated when a HF-laser pulse interacts with the lower surface of a water column in a cell with a bottom transparent to laser radiation, while the upper surface of the water column remains open. The electric signal exhibits a temporal structure of two spikes spaced by time {tau} which is linearly dependent on the laser output energy. It is found that the ...
P-T-X phase equilibria in Cd-As have been investigated by means of the total vapour-pressure measurements for compositions 66 to 100 at.% As. Incongruent sublimation and congruent melting behaviour of CdAs/sub 2/ were observed. A vapour-pressure maximum was registered in the threephase S(CdAs/sub 2/)S(As)V equilibrium. The maximum melting point of CdAs/sub ...
The (subcooled) liquid vapour pressure, heat of vapourization and gas-liquid heat capacity difference of monoterpenes and biogenically related compounds were determined by a gas-liquid chromatographic method based on Kovats retention indices. Compared to those used in previous studies using the same method, these compounds are ...
Based on the method described by Fischer, an ultramicro-size apparatus was developed for static determination of the saturation vapour pressure of highly radioactive materials. The apparatus was tested with MgCl sub 2 , MnCl sub 2 , HoCl sub 3 and ScF sub...
A high temperature apparatus for vapour pressure measurements by KNUDSEN effusion method is described. Sample is heated in a tungsten cell in an electronic bombardment furnace. Several critical factors affecting the accuracy of measurements such as: tempe...
Vapour pressure isotope effect (VPIE) of the equimolar H sub 2 O-D sub 2 O mixture in the temperature range 5 to 90 deg C was measured to investigate the ideality ot the H sub 2 O-HDO-D sub 2 O system. For comparison the VPIE of the pure H sub 2 O-D sub 2...
A tabulation of numerical values of the static structure factor and pair correlation function for liquid exp 4 He at saturated vapour pressure is presented for 11 temperatures in the range 1.00 to 4.27 K. Thse values were obtained from analysis of the res...
We assessed in absolute and relative terms how solar radiation and water vapour pressure deficit control the latent heat flux density in a Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) forest growing under boreal conditions. The absolute and relative total control can be expressed as sums of the physical and biological forms of control. Physical control is based on ...
Air quality models that generate the concentrations of semi-volatile and other condensable organic compounds using an explicit reaction mechanism require estimates of the vapour pressures of the organic compounds that partition between the aerosol and gas phases. The model of Griffin, Kleeman and co-workers (e.g., Griffin et al., 2005) assumes that aerosol ...
Maps are presented in this report showing, (1) the mean difference between the vapour pressure at the sea surface and at a height at 10 m, and (2) the mean difference between the potential temperature at the ocean surface and at a height of 10 m, over the...
The influence of surfactant on the solvent vapour pressure and equilibrium states in open capillary systems has been considered both in the presence and absence of gravity. The relationships have been derived describing a change in vapour pressure in the course of surfactant adsorption in closed one-phase and ...
Thermodynamic properties such as vapour pressures, heat capacities and enthalpies of formation for UN(s), PuN(s) and (U, Pu)N(s) are critically evaluated. The equations of the vapour pressures and the heat capacities for the three nitrides are assessed. T...
The temperature measurements during freezing and freeze-drying are described, and the results obtained using thermocouples and resistance elements (Pt 100) are compared with the barometric temperature measurements (BTM). The BTM is checked with a mass spectrometer, thermoelectric instruments and an absolute capacity measuring gauge. The temperature measurements are also shown as a function of the ...
resolution of several 10 nm. With this instrument we obtain the full statistical correlation of ionisation]. The chamber is operated with triethylamine (TEA) vapour at a pressure of 10 hPa. At that pressure a distance of 1 mm in the gas corresponds to 40 nm in tissue. TEA is a very efficient scintillator in the near UV
Evaluated vapor pressure data for liquid halogenated methanes are provided for use in thermophysical calculations in the design of process plants such as compressors, distillation columns, heat exchangers, liquifaction plants, and reactors. The data are a...
The vapor pressure of nickel is determined from 1190 to 1355 deg C by the method of evaporation from a cylindrical crucible. The results are expressed by the equation lg p = coefficient of evaporation is close to unity. (auth)
Temperature, pressure and density values at the triple point, the sublimation point and the critical point of uranium hexafluoride and its equilibrium vapour pressure were critically evaluated using the literature data. Recommended values are presented. (...
The performance of a Hewlett-Packard vapor pressure osmometer, model 302B, used for the determination of number average molecular weight, was found to be unsatisfactory in that the instrument showed poor reproducibility and excessive drift. An investigati...
The implosion of a family of reactor-size targets for inertial confinement fusion (ICI) is studied analytically and numerically. The targets consist of a DT shell, filled with DT vapour, and are imploded by a multi-step pressure pulse, designed in such a ...
... both study sites (Table 1). Mean air temperature, radiation and vapour pressure deficit were in all cases higher in Open ... et al. 2001). Lower air and soil temperatures, radiation and vapor pressure def...
NBII National Biological Information Infrastructure
By the photographic method developed previously the vapor pressure of lobismuth in the form of Bi/sup 212/ is measured at room temperature. The method is improved loby use of a cylindrical vessel of large volume, approximates 1500 liters. (auth)
A new magnetic hydro-dynamics model for nozzle arc emphasizing the interaction of arc with PTFE (polytetrafluorethylene) vapour is established based on the conservation equations. The interruption of auto-expansion circuit breaker is simulated numerically by finite element method and the influence of PTFE vapour on the arc is analysed with this model. The ...
Results of a series of measurements of unsteady wall pressure fluctuations for the upward flow of a vapor-liquid mixture of freon in a circular pipe are presented. They show the strong attenuation of incident pressure disturbances by the mixture, the generation of pressure fluctuations by the turbulent two-phase mixture flow, ...
Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanomaterials with various morphologies were prepared by chemical vapour deposition at a relatively low temperature (evaporation temperature of 250 �C and growth temperature of 500 �C) using vanadyl acetylacetonate (VO(acac)2) powder as the vanadium precursor. The obtained samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray ...
Carbon nanostructures present the leading field in nanotechnology research. A wide range of chemical and physical methods was used for carbon nanostructures synthesis including arc discharges, laser ablation and chemical vapour deposition. Plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) with its application in modern microelectronics industry became ...
Multicomponent organic aerosol (OA) is likely to be liquid, or partially liquid. Hence, to describe the partitioning of these components, their liquid vapour pressure is desired. Functionalised acids (e.g. diacids) can be a significant part of OA. But often measurements are available only for solid state vapour ...
A boiler for producing vapor by heating with a hot gas, e.g., from a reactor, is designed for hot gases under pressure. The boiler comprises a cylindrical pressure vessel containing an upper vapor space, a lower vapor generating space, and a vapor-liquid separating drum situated therebetween. The advantages of the boiler are that the equipment ...
Thermodynamic analysis of the extraction processes from a constant pressure LNG (liquefied natural gas) vessel was performed in this study. LNG was assumed to be a binary mixture of 90% methane and 10% ethane by mole fraction (83:17 by mass fraction). The changes in the thermodynamic properties and the amount of utilizable cold energy were predicted during the extraction ...
The ability of guard cells to hydrate and dehydrate from the surrounding air was investigated using isolated epidermes of Tradescantia pallida and Vicia faba. Stomata were found to respond to the water vapour pressure on the outside and inside of the epidermis, but the response was more sensitive to the inside vapour ...
In this paper the conception of the solar vacuum water pump is presented. The working medium of the pump consists of the water vapour with temperature about 100/sup 0/C, which is produced by solar energy Fresnel-lens collector. The pressure difference between the condensing chamber /3/ and ambient atmosphere caused by the direct condensation of the water ...
, where refers to the liquid�vapour surface tension, and p to the pressure, both at the temperature�36 . In fact, the water�oil surface tension can be accurately approximated as the liquid�vapour surface tension). This readily explains why the tension of the oil�water interface is 20% lower than the surface ten- sion
Heat-transfer measurements are reported for condensation of refrigerant-113 and ethanediol (ethylene glycol) on a single horizontal tube with vertical vapour downflow. For refrigerant-113, vapour velocities up to around 6 m/s were obtained while for ethanediol, velocities in excess of 100 m/s were obtained at low pressure. The results ...
of semi-volatile organic com- pounds between gas and aerosol phases is driven by their (subcooled) liquid and hydrophobic phases, according to the equation: pi = xifip i (1) where po i is the subcooled liquid vapour. Clegg et al.: Predictions of pure component vapour pressures Fig. 1. Boiling points (Tb) of the primary
The gas/particle partitioning of azaarenes in the Liverpool urban atmosphere was measured from May 1995 to April 1996. This period included one of the hottest summers and coldest winters recorded in the UK. The changes of the relative proportions of particulate and vapour phases showed a strong seasonal variation in which over 80% of azaarene compounds are associated with the ...
This paper describes the evolution of vapour bubbles and its effect on nonlinear ultrasound propagation and temperature rise through tissues for therapeutic ultrasound. An acoustic-thermo coupling algorithm incorporating nonlinearity, diffraction, and temperature-dependent tissue properties, is employed to describe nonlinear ultrasound propagation and thermal effect. Results ...
Solid state vapour pressures of a selection of substituted dicarboxylic acids have been measured using Knudsen Effusion Mass Spectrometry (KEMS). Enthalpies of fusion and melting points obtained using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) were used to obtain sub-cooled liquid vapour pressures. They have been ...
Solid state vapour pressures of a selection of atmospherically important substituted dicarboxylic acids have been measured using Knudsen Effusion Mass Spectrometry (KEMS) over a range of 20 K (298-318 K). Enthalpies of fusion and melting points obtained using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) were used to obtain sub-cooled liquid ...
The vapour pressures of eleven herbicide esters were calculated from gas chromatographic measurement of relative retention volumes (dibutyl phthalate = 1) on a non-polar SE-30 column. Measurements were made at temperatures from 72 to 182 degrees C, but by assuming that the ratio of the latent heat of vaporization of the ester to that of dibutyl phthalate ...
The Antoine equation relates the saturated vapour pressure of a volatile substance, such as an anaesthetic agent, to the temperature. The measurement of the 'dew-point' of a dry gas mixture containing a volatile anaesthetic agent by a dew-point hygrometer permits the determination of the partial pressure of the anaesthetic agent. The ...
Metal vapour has a significant, and in some cases dominant, influence in many applications of atmospheric-pressure plasmas, including arc welding, circuit interruption and mineral processing. While the influence of metal vapour has long been recognized, it is only recently that diagnostic and computational tools have been sufficiently ...
The rate of evaporation of drops of dibutyl phthalate and butyl stearate of radius approx. 0\\cdot 5 mm. has been studied by means of a microbalance over a range of atmospheric pressures down to approx. 0\\cdot 1 mm. of mercury. Wide departures from Langmuir's evaporation formula were found to occur at these low pressures, but results are in good ...
which is at a pressure greater than 0.5 bar above atmospheric pressure, and which fluid or mixture atmospheric pressure when in equilibrium with its vapour at either the actual temperature of the liquid or 17UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM Health and Safety Manual Section P4 February 2004 (New) PRESSURE ...
In this paper we present an investigation into the possible link between the pressure of the gas in the surrounding environment and the rate of ice sublimation in a VPSEM (variable pressure scanning electron microscope). Although this is mainly significant to an electron microscopist working in a variable pressure environment, it is ...
A simple model was developed to describe the transport of water vapour from subjects working in hot environments while wearing chemical-protective clothing. The goal of the modelling was to obtain a better estimate of evaporative cooling of the subjects, as it was hypothesised that calculations of evaporative heat loss based on changes in dressed weight over-estimate the ...
COMPO SI TI0 N -*/a. FIG.9 VAPOUR PRESSURE AT 25 O C OF MATERIAL CONDENSED. AT - 75 OC ORIGINATING FROM ARALDIT AW 106 AS A. FUNCTION OF COMPOSITION ( REF. ...
Experiments on the transfer of beryllium in beryllium chloride at pressures of about 0.00014 atmospheres have been made in the temperature range between 1250 and 1500K. The transport can be well interpreted as resulting from the reaction Be (solid) + BeCl...
The enthalpy of association of the first step of association of the nucleosides cytidine, uridine and inosine has been computed by measuring the association constants of the first step of association at 25 deg, 37 deg, and 50 deg, using vapour pressure os...
data at pressures of 68, 46, and less than 0.46hPa are not ...... fer, 64, 421 437, 2000. Pumphrey, H. C., and R. S. Harwood, Water vapour and ozone ...
The extent of nitric acid formation in the (gamma)-radiolysis of argon/air/water mixtures has been assessed. The yields of nitric acid are found to increase as water vapour pressure is increased but are lower in the presence of a discrete water phase. G v...
Practical procedures to determine optimal parameters in deterministic models are illustrated by the development of correlations for the vapor pressure and the vapor and liquid densities. Mixture data are needed to estimate liquid activity coefficients. A ...
Wells with vapor dominated feed zones yield abnormal pressure data. This is caused by the condensation of vapor during water injection. A revised injectivity test procedure currently applied by PNOC at the Leyte Geothermal Power Project has improved the injectivity test results.
DOE Information Bridge
"it is the only metal, except for mercury, caesium, and rubidium, which can be liquid near room temperatures; this makes possible its use in high-temperature thermometers. It has one of the longest liquid ranges of any metal and has a low vapour pressure even at high temperatures. "
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Flow transients have been investigated in a wide range of thermal-hydraulics situations with Refrigerannt-12. Six pressures (including the reference to PWR and BWR characteristic liquid to vapour densities ratios), several periods of the flowrate transien...
The sensitivity of the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) to the estimated vapour pressures of the condensable oxidation products is explored. A highly detailed reaction scheme was generated for ?-pinene photooxidation using the Generator for Explicit Chemistry and Kinetics of Organics in the Atmosphere (GECKO-A). Vapour ...
13C was determined in lignin extracted from present-day cladodes of Phyllocladus alpinus (a small coniferous tree) from seven well-lit sites across New Zealand. The 13C values ranged from -30.9 to -23.6 and were compared with monthly means of temperature, precipitation, relative humidity and vapour pressure deficit from the nearest recording stations. Of ...
The outstanding difference of Natural Gas Vehicle(NGV) in comparison with previous one is to load high pressure gas container due to the special characteristics of fuel types. Since natural gas is vapour fuel, it is 4 times volumes of gasoline with the sa...
Experimentally determined thermodynamic properties were to be compiled in a database and made available to users in science and engineering. The following thermodynamic properties were recorded: Liquid-vapour phase equilibria at high pressures; solid-liqu...
In this paper the phase diagram of the binary system potassium-sodium in the liquid-vapour range was calculated for different pressures and temperatures, assuming the two metals acting as ideal solution. The assumption was verified by experimental results...
An experimental and theoretical investigation of unsteady shock waves in transonic jets was carried out. A considerable reduction of the strength of these waves was observed as the air moisture increases. A half free jet was formed in a plane LAVAL type n...
This study focused on students' misconceptions related to evaporation, evaporation rate, and vapour pressure. Open-ended diagnostic questions were used with 107 undergraduates in the Primary Science Teacher Training Department in a state university in Turkey. In addition, 14 students from that sample were interviewed to clarify their written responses and ...
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
(RH) and air temperature (Ta; units �C). 2. Compute the saturation vapour pressure (Svp; units kPa) using Instruction 56. 3. Compute the vapour pressure (Vp; units kPa) from Vp = RH * Svp / 100). 4 to the same error as the measurement of air temperature would be. This is because the temperature sensor
Solaria are increasingly in favour. As radiation sources, the following ones have proved useful: high-pressure mercury-vapour lamps, compound radiation systems consisting of high-pressure mercury-vapour burner, series coiled filament and reflector bulbs made of special glass as well as halogen ...
Thermodynamic data for the computation of the vaporisation of Cr2O3(s) in humid air show significant deviations between each other which lead to large differences in the computed partial pressures. The vaporisation of Cr2O3(s) in air with different humidities, p(H2O)=0.0007 bar to p(H2O)=0.3 bar, was, therefore, investigated at constant temperature of 1223 K by the ...
This paper reports that an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge plasma jet, which uses argon or argon + hydrogen peroxide vapour as the working gas, is designed to sterilize the bacillus subtilis. Compared with the pure argon plasma, the bacterial inactivation efficacy has a significant improvement when hydrogen peroxide ...
A gas tungsten arc (GTA) was modelled taking into account the contamination of the plasma by metal vapour from the molten anode. The whole region of GTA atmosphere including the tungsten cathode, the arc plasma and the anode was treated using a unified numerical model. A viscosity approximation was used to express the diffusion coefficient in terms of viscosity of the ...
The stable isotope composition of water is routinely used as a tracer to study water exchange processes in vascular plants and ecosystems. To date, no study has focussed on isotope processes in poikilohydric organisms (i.e. lichens and bryophytes), where relative water content equilibrate with the surrounding humidity conditions and that are able to use distinct water sources such as ...
Airborne lubricant emissions are a serious health hazard for employees in the metal working industry. The basic components of lubricants are oils and additives for adapting the properties to achieve the process demands. The oils used in lubricants are either mineral, synthetic or of biological origin. The lubricants are used as water-emulsions and also as straight oils. Extreme process conditions ...
A method based on the Langmuir equation for the estimation of vapour pressure and enthalpy of sublimation of subliming compounds is described. The variable temperature thermogravimetric/differential thermogravimetric (TG/DTG) curve of benzoic acid is used to arrive at the instrument parameters. Employing these parameters, the vapour ...
A novel method for the synthesis of nanostructured films produced by depositing gas-phase magnetic nanoparticles is presented and the properties of the films are reported. The technique mixes metal vapour and small argon clusters produced in a supersonic expansion. The condensed clusters are subsequently deposited in situ onto copper grids. The cluster size is controlled by ...
Aerosol particles influence climate directly through the scattering and absorbing radiation and indirectly through their role as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Traditionally, models aiming to capture the behaviour of aerosols in the atmosphere have concentrated on the role of inorganic compounds. However, organic components, covering a huge range of chemical and physical properties (Jacobson ...
Lidar techniques are widely used to measure atmospheric aerosols and water vapour concentration and therefore they can be efficiently employed to validate ENVISAT products. An intensive aerosol and water vapour lidar measurement campaign, started on July 2002, is in progress at IMAA-CNR in Tito Scalo (PZ) (Southern Italy, 40^o36'N, 15^o44'E, 820 m ...
Antimony-doped Hg-1223 superconductors have been synthesised from the reaction of a Sb-doped precursor with elemental Hg vapour released from a reactant in sealed silica tubes (the Hg vapour diffusion process). The Hg vapour pressure can be controlled by a small addition of Se in the reactant bars. The phase purity ...
The stable isotopic composition of water vapour can provide a tracer of the evapotranspiration, precipitation and atmospheric mixing that has occurred along the trajectory of an air mass. Incorporation of stable water isotopes into weather and climate prediction models therefore has the potential to aid in their evaluation and improvement, but this requires the availability of ...
The determination of the vapor pressure of HTO iu the range 25 to 80 deg C is reported. This pressure was found to be less than that of H/sub 2/O up to 80 deg C, and extrapolation indicates that HTO's boiling point is greater than that of H/sub 2/O. The molar heat of vaporization of HTO is found to be 10.9 kcal. (M.H.R.)
BS>Vapor pressures were measured from below the triple point to the critical point. A cylindrical copper block containing one drilled hole for the vapor pressure cell and another to hold the resistance thermometer was used. The block could be cooled rapidly by an exchange gas within the jacket, which was surrounded by a liquid hydrogen bath. ...
>A closure is designed for use in access holes in a pressure vessel for a vapor generator in a nuclear power plant. The closure comprises a diaphragm which is sealwelded to the pressure vessel within an access hole and a plug which is inserted into the access hole to provide backing for the diaphragm. (D.L.C.)
The cardiac sensitizing potencies of a range of 14 halogenated hydrocarbons were assessed in conscious dogs by comparing the partial pressures (Pcs) needed to sensitize the heart to adrenaline. These were found to be directly related to their saturated vapour pressures (Ps) and the ratio Pcs/Ps was approximately constant although the ...
PubMed Central
Coal liquids produced from SRC-II processing of Powhatan No.6 bituminous coal were distilled into a number of narrow-boiling cuts. Vapour pressure measurements were carried out on 6 cuts at temperatures from 267 to 788 K and pressures to 3.6 MPa. Heats of vaporisation were measured in a flow calorimeter on these same fractions at ...
To allow spectroscopic measurements within a high pressure sodium lamp, the translucent tube of the lamp is substituted by a transparent sapphire tube. Moreover, the sodium pressure in the lamp is adjusted by an external control of its cold spot temperature. The temperature distribution along the anode of a sodium dc discharge is determined pyrometrically ...
In a previous paper we had presented experimental results on mercury segregation due to cataphoresis in direct current operated low-pressure argon-mercury gas discharges. In this paper, we present our model to describe cataphoretic segregation in argon (or another noble gas)-mercury discharges. The model is based on the balance equations for mass and momentum and includes ...
During partial liquid ventilation perfluorocarbon vapour is present in the exhaled gases. The volumes of these gases are measured by pneumotachometers. Error in measuring tidal volumes will give erroneous measurement of lung compliance during partial liquid ventilation. We aim to compare measured tidal volumes with and without perfluorocarbon vapour using ...
Condensed matters (liquids, glasses and solids) can be overheated or stretched only up to a limit. Within mean-field approximation, this limit is the so-called spinodal. This is the final limit for overheating, and therefore it is a very important quantity for safety calculations wherever high pressure- high temperature liquids are involved. In ...
The present paper reports the Townsend first ionization coefficient in tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) vapour and oxygen mixtures determined experimentally by the steady state Townsend method for E/N from 350 to 2000 Td 0022-3727/29/8/010/img8. This gas mixture is used as a process gas when silicon dioxide films are deposited by using plasma enhanced chemical ...
A combination of canonical and grand-canonical ensemble Monte Carlo calculations, together with the virial expansion, have been used to calculate the thermodynamic properties of the liquid/vapour co-existence curve of the (6 : 12) Lennard-Jones fluid for reduced temperatures, &(T)tilde; ? 1�1. The results for the liquid density and energy and the latent heat of ...
The calculation of fluid evolution paths during reaction progress is considered for multicomponent systems and the results applied to the ternary system, CO2-H2O-NaCl. Fluid evolution paths are considered for systems in which a CO2-rich phase of lesser density (vapour) is preferentially removed from the system leaving behind a saline aqueous phase (liquid). Such �boiling� ...
Liquid propane and similar coolants are used in the rapid freezing of biological specimens. These coolants form explosive gas mixtures with air, with a 14,000-fold increase in volume over that of the liquid. The liquefied gases have high vapour pressures and, unless they are maintained below their flashpoint, the vapour above them will ...
