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Fact Sheet | Gulf Coast Leisure and Hospitality Employment and Wages | June 2010
Gulf Coast Leisure and Hospitality Employment and Wages
The leisure and hospitality industry makes an important contribution to the local economies along the Gulf Coast, providing a large share of their employment. Leisure and hospitality services include a wide variety of activities that attract tourists such as resorts, recreational parks, sporting events, concerts, restaurants, and hotel lodgings.
Not including bays and inland waters, the U.S. Gulf coastline spans approximately 1,631 miles. [1]
The U.S. Gulf is bordered by five States (Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas). There are 53 counties and parishes that line the coast in these five States. (See table 2.) These areas are the most vulnerable to damages from the April 2010 oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Among these five States, Florida has the largest number of coastal counties at risk (23), followed by Texas (14), Louisiana (11), Mississippi (3), and Alabama (2). The leisure and hospitality industry in these coastal areas could be seriously affected by this recent disaster.
Employment
Table A. U.S. and Gulf Coast Employment, September 2009
Area |
Private industry |
Leisure and hospitality |
Leisure and hospitality as percent of private industry |
Total, United States |
106,481,670 |
13,180,374 |
12.4 |
Total, Gulf Coast counties |
3,068,086 |
455,107 |
14.8 |
Alabama |
187,571 |
25,203 |
13.4 |
Florida |
1,742,838 |
257,234 |
14.8 |
Louisiana |
520,611 |
76,391 |
14.7 |
Mississippi |
115,059 |
25,662 |
22.3 |
Texas |
502,007 |
70,617 |
14.1 |
The leisure and hospitality industry accounted for 455,107 jobs in this combined Gulf area in September 2009, which is the most recent period for which data are available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) program. This industry's employment represented 14.8 percent of all private sector jobs in these Gulf Coast counties. Employment in the leisure and hospitality industry for the entire Nation was 13.2 million in September 2009 and accounted for 12.4 percent of private industry employment. The importance of leisure and hospitality in the Gulf Coast is evident by the industry's greater share of employment in this area relative to the Nation as a whole. This share was above the U.S. average in the combined coastal counties in all five States with the largest share found in Mississippi's combined Gulf area (22.3 percent).
![Gulf Coast Counties Leisuire and Hospitality Employment, September 2009](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130307020034im_/http://stats.bls.gov/cew/gulf_coast_leisure_chart_1.png)
Within this Gulf area, nearly 60 percent of the employment in leisure and hospitality was distributed among 10 counties and parishes, each with employment greater than 15,000 in this industry in September 2009. Five Florida counties were included in the top 10, along with 2 Louisiana parishes and 1 county each in Alabama, Mississippi, and Texas. Hillsborough County, Florida, had the largest number of jobs in leisure and hospitality (56,767), followed by Pinellas County, Florida (42,474), and Orleans Parish, Louisiana (30,735).
The share of employment within the leisure and hospitality industry exceeded the national average in 7 of the top 10 coastal counties and parishes (as measured by employment in leisure and hospitality). Harrison County, Mississippi, had the largest concentration of employment in the leisure and hospitality industry (29.3 percent), which is more than twice the national average. Orleans Parish, Louisiana, followed closely with 23.1 percent of their jobs coming from leisure and hospitality services.
![Concentration of Gulf Coast Counties Leisuire and Hospitality Employment, September 2009](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130307020034im_/http://stats.bls.gov/cew/gulf_coast_leisure_chart_2.png)
Location quotients can be used to compare the industrial activity levels, such as employment, among different areas of the country and to express the relationship between an area's share of a particular industry and the national share. [2] In September 2009, Monroe County, Florida, which includes the islands of the Florida Keys, had the highest location quotient in this Gulf area (2.9), which indicates that Monroe had nearly 3 times the percentage of workers employed in leisure and hospitality as the percentage employed in the Nation. (See table 1.) Five other coastal counties and parishes had a location quotient above 2.0, while 7 had a location quotient above 1.4. Seven counties had the same relative share of workers employed in leisure and hospitality as the national total. Cameron Parish, Louisiana, has the smallest location quotient (0.2). Overall, the economy in this combined Gulf area had 20 percent more of their workers employed in leisure and hospitality compared with the U.S. average in this period, as indicated by the area's location quotient of 1.2.
![Leisure and Hospitality Employment, United States
and Gulf Coast Counties, January 2000–September 2009](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130307020034im_/http://stats.bls.gov/cew/gulf_coast_leisure_chart_3.png)
During the period January 2007 to September 2009, employment in the leisure and hospitality industry peaked earlier in the combined Gulf Coast counties than for the Nation as a whole. Within this combined Gulf region, leisure and hospitality employment was strongest between March and June. This industry's employment tended to peak in April and contracted to its lowest point of a 12-month cycle in October in this area. For the Nation, the number of leisure and hospitality jobs reached its highest point in June for the 2008 and 2009 periods. The highest point in 2007 occurred in August. The lowest employment levels for the Nation in this industry occurred in January during this period.
![Employment in Leisure and Hospitality, United States and Gulf Coast Counties, Over-the-year percent change, January 2008–September 2009](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130307020034im_/http://stats.bls.gov/cew/gulf_coast_leisure_chart_4.png)
In the first half of 2008, over-the-year employment growth in leisure and hospitality was stronger in this Gulf Coast area than in the Nation as a whole. During this period, employment declines over the year in this industry first occurred in September 2008, 1 month earlier than experienced in the United States overall. Compared with those of the Nation, over-the-year job losses in leisure and hospitality were less severe in this Gulf area between October 2008 and September 2009. The lowest rate of job losses during this period in the Gulf was −2.1 percent, compared with −3.3 percent in the Nation.
In September 2009, the Nation was shedding leisure and hospitality jobs at a rate of −2.9 percent, while this industry's decline was −0.8 percent in this Gulf area. Thirty-nine of the area's 53 counties and parishes had over-the-year employment change above the national average, with 24 posting over-the-year job gains. Among the 10 largest coastal counties, Orleans Parish and Jefferson Parish both added jobs in leisure and hospitality over the year, 1.9 percent and 1.1 percent, respectively, in September 2009. Eight of the top 10 Gulf counties and parishes had employment declines in this industry in September 2009. The largest over-the-year employment decline was in Collier, Florida (−8.6 percent), followed by Harrison, Mississippi (−6.9 percent).
Wages
In third quarter 2009, total wage payments disbursed to workers employed within the leisure and hospitality industry totaled $2.2 billion in this combined Gulf area. This constituted 7.4 percent of all private industry wage payments in this area. The average weekly wage for workers employed in leisure and hospitality in this combined coastal area was $361, which was only slightly higher than the U.S. industry average ($357). These wages represented less than half the average weekly wages of other private industry workers in the Gulf Coast. Only 14 coastal counties (26.4 percent) had average weekly wages above the national average for the industry. Among the 10 largest coastal counties in terms of the number of leisure and hospitality jobs, Orleans Parish, Louisiana, had the highest average weekly wage ($479) in this industry, which was 34 percent above the U.S. average for leisure and hospitality. Mobile County, Alabama, had the lowest average weekly wage ($268) in leisure and hospitality, which was 25 percent below the Nation's average for this industry. Among the 53 coastal counties, leisure and hospitality workers in Kenedy County, Texas, had the highest average weekly wages ($594), while Chambers County, Texas, workers posted the lowest average weekly wages ($207) in the industry.
![Average weekly wages, Gulf Coast counties and the United States, leisure and hospitality and total private, third quarter 2009](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130307020034im_/http://stats.bls.gov/cew/gulf_coast_leisure_chart_5.png)
In the combined Gulf Coast area, average weekly wages for all private industry workers in the third quarter of 2009 averaged $727, which was 12.2 percent below the U.S. average ($828). Among the 53 coastal counties, average weekly wages of private industry workers ranged from a high of $1,029 in Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana, to a low of $462 in Levy County, Florida. The average weekly wages of private industry workers fell below the national average in 42 of the 53 counties (79 percent). Among the coastal counties with the largest employment, Orleans posted the highest average weekly wage for private industry workers in the third quarter of 2009 ($882).
Table 1. Gulf Coast Leisure and Hospitality Employment, Percent of Private Industry and Location Quotient, September 2009
Area |
Leisure and hospitality percent share of private industry (U.S. = 12.4 percent) |
Location quotient |
Total, Gulf Coast counties |
14.8 |
1.2 |
Monroe County, Florida |
36.1 |
2.9 |
Franklin County, Florida |
30.5 |
2.5 |
Harrison County, Mississippi |
29.3 |
2.4 |
Aransas County, Texas |
28.3 |
2.3 |
Walton County, Florida |
28.2 |
2.3 |
Hancock County, Mississippi |
24.6 |
2.0 |
Orleans Parish, Louisiana |
23.1 |
1.9 |
Galveston County, Texas |
21.5 |
1.7 |
Bay County, Florida |
21.2 |
1.7 |
Gulf County, Florida |
20.5 |
1.7 |
Baldwin County, Alabama |
19.8 |
1.6 |
Collier County, Florida |
19.7 |
1.6 |
Okaloosa County, Florida |
19.3 |
1.6 |
Lee County, Florida |
17.7 |
1.4 |
Santa Rosa County, Florida |
17.1 |
1.4 |
Wakulla County, Florida |
17.0 |
1.4 |
Hernando County, Florida |
16.6 |
1.3 |
Kleberg County, Texas |
16.6 |
1.3 |
St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana |
16.5 |
1.3 |
Charlotte County, Florida |
16.3 |
1.3 |
Sarasota County, Florida |
15.7 |
1.3 |
San Patricio County, Texas |
15.5 |
1.3 |
Dixie County, Florida |
15.4 |
1.2 |
Jefferson County, Florida |
14.6 |
1.2 |
Nueces County, Texas |
14.6 |
1.2 |
Levy County, Florida |
14.1 |
1.1 |
Pasco County, Florida |
14.1 |
1.1 |
Chambers County, Texas |
13.9 |
1.1 |
Escambia County, Florida |
13.4 |
1.1 |
Manatee County, Florida |
13.2 |
1.1 |
Jefferson Parish, Louisiana |
12.9 |
1.0 |
Citrus County, Florida |
12.6 |
1.0 |
Cameron County, Texas |
12.5 |
1.0 |
Pinellas County, Florida |
12.4 |
1.0 |
Brazoria County, Texas |
12.2 |
1.0 |
St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana |
12.1 |
1.0 |
Hillsborough County, Florida |
11.8 |
1.0 |
Matagorda County, Texas |
11.7 |
0.9 |
Jefferson County, Texas |
11.2 |
0.9 |
Mobile County, Alabama |
11.1 |
0.9 |
Willacy County, Texas |
10.9 |
0.9 |
Jackson County, Mississippi |
10.5 |
0.8 |
Terrebonne Parish, Louisiana |
10.1 |
0.8 |
Vermilion Parish, Louisiana |
9.4 |
0.8 |
Taylor County, Florida |
9.2 |
0.7 |
St. Mary Parish, Louisiana |
9.1 |
0.7 |
Lafourche Parish, Louisiana |
8.7 |
0.7 |
Calhoun County, Texas |
8.4 |
0.7 |
Jackson County, Texas |
7.3 |
0.6 |
Iberia Parish, Louisiana |
6.7 |
0.5 |
Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana |
6.5 |
0.5 |
Kenedy County, Texas |
3.6 |
0.3 |
Cameron Parish, Louisiana |
2.3 |
0.2 |
Table 2. Gulf Coast Leisure and Hospitality Employment and Wages, Percent of Private Industry Employment and Location Quotients, Third Quarter 2009
Area |
Establishments, third quarter 2009 |
September 2009 |
Third Quarter 2009 |
Employment |
Leisure and Hospitality Percent Share of Private Industry |
Location Quotient |
Percent Change September 2008-09 |
Total Wages |
Average Weekly Wage |
Total, Gulf Coast counties |
25,694 |
455,107 |
14.8 |
1.2 |
-0.8 |
$2,170,679,070 |
$361 |
Baldwin County, Alabama |
529 |
9,956 |
19.8 |
1.6 |
1.7 |
43,535,573 |
313 |
Mobile County, Alabama |
821 |
15,247 |
11.1 |
0.9 |
-3.3 |
53,301,858 |
268 |
Bay County, Florida |
656 |
11,792 |
21.2 |
1.7 |
2.6 |
55,922,707 |
339 |
Charlotte County, Florida |
368 |
5,244 |
16.3 |
1.3 |
10.4 |
19,657,564 |
284 |
Citrus County, Florida |
287 |
3,441 |
12.6 |
1.0 |
-5.9 |
12,524,015 |
282 |
Collier County, Florida |
998 |
18,017 |
19.7 |
1.6 |
-8.6 |
109,970,744 |
464 |
Dixie County, Florida |
31 |
221 |
15.4 |
1.2 |
-17.8 |
759,692 |
260 |
Escambia County, Florida |
735 |
13,148 |
13.4 |
1.1 |
-2.1 |
48,853,272 |
285 |
Franklin County, Florida |
64 |
654 |
30.5 |
2.5 |
-4.2 |
2,995,785 |
337 |
Gulf County, Florida |
40 |
465 |
20.5 |
1.7 |
7.4 |
2,129,094 |
328 |
Hernando County, Florida |
326 |
4,848 |
16.6 |
1.3 |
2.9 |
17,344,042 |
276 |
Hillsborough County, Florida |
3,080 |
56,767 |
11.8 |
1.0 |
-2.2 |
267,441,024 |
365 |
Jefferson County, Florida |
21 |
263 |
14.6 |
1.2 |
-9.6 |
827,454 |
236 |
Lee County, Florida |
1,681 |
26,649 |
17.7 |
1.4 |
-1.2 |
133,641,145 |
378 |
Levy County, Florida |
105 |
822 |
14.1 |
1.1 |
-8.2 |
2,950,014 |
273 |
Manatee County, Florida |
781 |
12,160 |
13.2 |
1.1 |
3.5 |
58,713,285 |
364 |
Monroe County, Florida |
659 |
9,767 |
36.1 |
2.9 |
-4.4 |
69,029,906 |
526 |
Okaloosa County, Florida |
649 |
11,809 |
19.3 |
1.6 |
-1.3 |
55,330,124 |
334 |
Pasco County, Florida |
790 |
10,880 |
14.1 |
1.1 |
-1.6 |
40,245,464 |
284 |
Pinellas County, Florida |
2,736 |
42,474 |
12.4 |
1.0 |
-2.5 |
227,399,595 |
404 |
Santa Rosa County, Florida |
286 |
4,238 |
17.1 |
1.4 |
14.2 |
13,781,669 |
251 |
Sarasota County, Florida |
1,140 |
18,220 |
15.7 |
1.3 |
-2.8 |
91,427,151 |
381 |
Taylor County, Florida |
42 |
461 |
9.2 |
0.7 |
-11.9 |
1,610,754 |
256 |
Wakulla County, Florida |
50 |
592 |
17.0 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
1,732,193 |
234 |
Walton County, Florida |
236 |
4,302 |
28.2 |
2.3 |
-1.7 |
28,010,487 |
457 |
Cameron Parish, Louisiana |
6 |
45 |
2.3 |
0.2 |
9.8 |
180,334 |
328 |
Iberia Parish, Louisiana |
108 |
1,826 |
6.7 |
0.5 |
0.0 |
5,427,153 |
224 |
Jefferson Parish, Louisiana |
1,256 |
21,830 |
12.9 |
1.0 |
1.1 |
125,036,006 |
433 |
Lafourche Parish, Louisiana |
185 |
2,620 |
8.7 |
0.7 |
8.2 |
8,741,686 |
259 |
Orleans Parish, Louisiana |
1,331 |
30,735 |
23.1 |
1.9 |
1.9 |
189,447,006 |
479 |
Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana |
61 |
771 |
6.5 |
0.5 |
3.5 |
5,287,809 |
502 |
St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana |
83 |
927 |
12.1 |
1.0 |
15.0 |
3,593,181 |
289 |
St. Mary Parish, Louisiana |
121 |
1,926 |
9.1 |
0.7 |
-3.4 |
8,298,575 |
323 |
St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana |
626 |
9,977 |
16.5 |
1.3 |
1.0 |
36,679,292 |
275 |
Terrebonne Parish, Louisiana |
264 |
4,738 |
10.1 |
0.8 |
-3.1 |
20,422,369 |
325 |
Vermilion Parish, Louisiana |
82 |
996 |
9.4 |
0.8 |
3.8 |
3,223,107 |
240 |
Hancock County, Mississippi |
96 |
2,381 |
24.6 |
2.0 |
-2.7 |
13,589,990 |
435 |
Harrison County, Mississippi |
464 |
19,037 |
29.3 |
2.4 |
-6.9 |
110,574,778 |
441 |
Jackson County, Mississippi |
291 |
4,244 |
10.5 |
0.8 |
2.9 |
15,105,857 |
272 |
Aransas County, Texas |
93 |
1,272 |
28.3 |
2.3 |
-0.3 |
4,523,782 |
269 |
Brazoria County, Texas |
443 |
7,938 |
12.2 |
1.0 |
12.5 |
29,595,532 |
281 |
Calhoun County, Texas |
62 |
675 |
8.4 |
0.7 |
-2.3 |
1,905,760 |
216 |
Cameron County, Texas |
642 |
11,584 |
12.5 |
1.0 |
-0.4 |
44,049,585 |
281 |
Chambers County, Texas |
58 |
1,082 |
13.9 |
1.1 |
25.1 |
2,994,607 |
207 |
Galveston County, Texas |
626 |
14,337 |
21.5 |
1.7 |
2.3 |
58,796,470 |
305 |
Jackson County, Texas |
27 |
277 |
7.3 |
0.6 |
-1.4 |
759,448 |
213 |
Jefferson County, Texas |
473 |
11,164 |
11.2 |
0.9 |
4.4 |
43,151,631 |
297 |
Kenedy County, Texas |
3 |
11 |
3.6 |
0.3 |
10.0 |
84,925 |
594 |
Kleberg County, Texas |
70 |
1,294 |
16.6 |
1.3 |
1.6 |
3,868,613 |
234 |
Matagorda County, Texas |
90 |
1,025 |
11.7 |
0.9 |
-10.9 |
3,632,583 |
266 |
Nueces County, Texas |
864 |
17,636 |
14.6 |
1.2 |
-0.4 |
65,742,968 |
282 |
San Patricio County, Texas |
127 |
2,063 |
15.5 |
1.3 |
2.3 |
6,084,883 |
225 |
Willacy County, Texas |
31 |
259 |
10.9 |
0.9 |
-11.0 |
746,529 |
215 |
More information on employment and wages in the Gulf Coast area and in the leisure and hospitality industry are available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/cew/ or by telephone at (202) 691-6567.
SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), June 18, 2010. Data are from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages.
[2] A location quotient is calculated by dividing the percent employed in an industry in a given region by the percent employed nationally in that industry. Location quotients greater than 1.0 indicate that the area has proportionately more workers in a specific industry than the comparison area (e.g., United States). For example, a location quotient of 2.0 indicates that twice the percentage of workers are employed in a specific industry than the percentage employed nationally for that industry. A high or low location quotient for an industry in a region does not necessarily indicate high or low employment levels in that industry. More information on location quotients can be found at the following Web site: www.bls.gov/cew/cewlq.htm.
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