Jemaah Anshorut Tauhid (JAT) is an Indonesia-based extremist organization founded by radical cleric Abu Bakar Bashir (also known as Abu Bakr Ba‘asyir and similar variants) in July 2008 to advance an absolutist interpretation of Islamic law with the ultimate goal of establishing a caliphate in Indonesia.
JAT leadership has publicly stated that violence is religiously permissible when directed against perceived enemies of Islam and apostates—specifically Indonesian judges, prosecutors, and police. The US Department of State designated JAT as a Foreign Terrorist Organization in January 2012.

JAT is implicated in a series of attacks conducted in 2011, including the murder of three Indonesian policemen, suicide bombings in Cirebon and Solo, and the detonation of
an explosive device at a boarding school in Bima that authorities suspect served as a terrorist training facility. Indonesian police in March 2012 killed five JAT-associated suspected terrorists believed by authorities to be engaged in preparations for attacks on the island of Bali. In February 2012 Bashir, under detention
in Indonesia, called on his followers to fight the United States until it is destroyed.

Bashir in June 2011 was sentenced to 15 years imprisonment for his role in planning and financing a terrorist training camp disrupted by Indonesian authorities in February 2010. Indonesian authorities since 2010 have convicted two members of JAT’s executive council and the chief of its Jakarta chapter
on terrorism charges.

Since Bashir’s arrest in August 2010, the organization has been led by acting supreme leader Muhammad Achwan, previously incarcerated for bombing a Hindu temple
in 1985.