The aim of this study was the separate measurement of reflux of food and acid into the oesophagus in 37 healthy, ambulant subjects. This was performed by radiolabelling the food and monitoring its reflux with a small directional gamma detector, which was placed externally over the oesophagus, and connected to an ambulatory data ...

The sensitivity of the string test for detection of gastroesophageal reflux was assessed in 15 infants and children, 5 months to 11 years of age (mean, 2.8 years), with vomiting, regurgitation, or lower respiratory tract symptoms, and compared with the barium esophagram, esophageal manometry, and the acid reflux test ...

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34: 568-575 SUMMARY: Background? Exclusion of the meal during ambulatory pH monitoring presumes that a meal completely buffers gastric acid and reflux of acidic food content cannot be distinguished from gastric acid. However, the ability of a meal to completely ...

Esophageal impedance pH monitoring provides quantitative data on esophageal acid exposure and has the ability to correlate the symptoms with acid exposure events. The nomenclature for the reflux patterns detected in impedance pH monitoring as well as the normal values have been determined. Data ...

Oral metoclopramide (0.5 mg/kg/24 h) and a liquid alginic acid-antacid compound were administered to infants and children with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in a double-blind randomized controlled trial. The effect of medication was measured with 24-h intraesophageal pH monitoring. Neither metoclopramide nor the alginic ...

Millions of Americans are affected by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in many different ways. The magnitude of the problem of GERD was brought to light by the ambulatory pH test, the introduction of minimally invasive surgery, and the advent of the many medications that are effective in acid suppression. Patients with GERD ...

that affects 2% of the adult population of the United States. GERD refers to the reflux of stomach acid the patient slept horizontally. Even so, the total percentage of reflux while using acid stopping medication if a patient is a candidate for surgery to correct problems associated with Gastroesophageal ...

... play a role in acid reflux Share | Can allergies play a role in acid reflux? � Can allergies play a role in acid reflux? � What the ...

Background: Little is known about the difference between patients of chronic laryngitis with and without troublesome reflux symptoms. Objective: To compare the clinical characteristics and response to acid suppression between patients of chronic laryngitis with and without troublesome reflux symptoms. Methods: Consecutive patients with ...

Fifty-nine symptomatic children were radiologically evaluated for gastroesophageal reflux with the water siphon test and also with the acid reflux test and esophageal manometry. Of those with reflux on pH testing, 95% had positive water siphon tests, and 38% also had spontaneous barium ...

Nocturnal gastro-oesophageal reflux is known to be particularly damaging to the oesophageal mucosa, being associated with stricture formation and columnarisation. At present, this can only be detected by prolonged intra-oesophageal pH monitoring. A total of 50 patients with endoscopic oesophagitis were evaluated by ambulatory pH ...

Clearance of refluxed acid from the distal esophagus is due to bolus emptying and salivary neutralization of acid. We compared results of 24-hour pH monitoring with acid clearance tests (ACT) and radioisotope swallows (RIS) in 26 symptomatic patients to determine which of the components of ...

Background/AimsIn patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, persistent symptoms on proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy may be due to residual acid or non-acid reflux. Combined impedance-pH has been suggested to be superior to pH alone in the management of refractory patients to PPI. The ...

Previous studies of the mechanisms that precipitate acid reflux episodes and acid clearance have used unphysiological, short term hospital based data. A new 24 hour pH and motility recording system combined with computerised data analysis have been used to study naturally occurring acid ...

Recognizing nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) as a distinct presentation of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) was one of the most important developments in the field of GERD in the last decade. Whilst the definition of NERD has not changed significantly over the years, the disorder accounts for the majority of the GERD patients and those who failed ...

The incidence of gastro-oesophageal reflux in children undergoing general anaesthesia has not previously been studied. One-hundred-and-twenty children (ASA Class 1-2) were studied intraoperatively using continuous oesophageal pH monitoring. The incidence of reflux was 2.5% (3 of 120). None of these three patients had an adverse ...

Nocturnal gastro-oesophageal reflux may be important in the pathogenesis of reflux oesophagitis. This study aimed to determine whether: (1) gastro-oesophageal reflux occurs during sleep in patients with reflux oesophagitis and, if so, to explore the mechanism, and (2) the sleep pattern of patients with oesophagitis ...

OBJECTIVE: This study defined the clearance mechanisms of naturally occurring reflux episodes in normal subjects and patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. SUMMARY BACKGROUND: Previous studies on acid clearance have been performed in the laboratory setting in supine subjects using acid instillation and ...

The determinants of the oesophageal alkaline pH environment are poorly understood. Saliva (pH 6.4-7.8) may be a major contributor, although some argue the importance of refluxed alkaline duodenal contents. Acid and alkaline reflux parameters were studied over 2 days in 30 subjects (control, ...

Five pediatric patients with stridor were evaluated to determine whether gastroesophageal reflux (GER) contributed to their stridor. Intraluminal esophageal acid perfusion (Bernstein test), pH probe, radiographic studies, laryngobronchoscopy, and esophageal histology were utilized. Thereafter, three of the five patients responded to ...

It was evaluated the inhibitory action of quercetin-3-O-?-D-glucuronopyranoside (QGC) on reflux esophagitis and gastritis in rats. QGC was isolated from the herba of Rumex Aquaticus. Reflux esophagitis or gastritis was induced surgically or by administering indomethacin, respectively. Oral QGC decreased ulcer index, injury area, gastric volume, and ...

The best established technique for diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux in children is the 24 hr esophageal pH probe test. No simultaneous comparison of this technique with radionuclide scans has been reported. Therefore, simultaneous 1 hr pH monitoring and gastroesophageal scintigraphy were performed in 49 infants and children with ...

In the evaluation of esophageal disease, the appropriate question must be asked before the correct tests can be selected. Reflux can be demonstrated by radiologic methods, pH testing or radioisotopic techniques. Esophageal mucosal damage is best evaluated by x-ray, endoscopy, or biopsy. Chest pain is demonstrated by acid infusion or by ...

Forty eight patients with moderate to severe asthma were enrolled in a double blind crossover study designed to evaluate the effects of ranitidine treatment, 150 mg twice daily for four weeks, on gastro-oesophageal reflux, asthma control, and bronchial reactivity. All 48 had a history of reflux symptoms and 27 had in addition reflux ...

The effect of ranitidine and cisapride on acid reflux and oesophageal motility was investigated in 18 patients with endoscopically verified erosive reflux oesophagitis. Each patient was treated with placebo, ranitidine (150 mg twice daily), and ranitidine (150 mg twice daily) plus cisapride (20 mg twice daily) in a double blind, double ...

Values of intraesophageal pH, basal fundal pH and hydrochloric acid debit were studied in 73 patients with exacerbation of peptic ulcer on the first days of exacerbation and 2-4 weeks after the initiation of therapy with various drugs. Gastrozepin and cimetidine in parallel with gastric acidity inhibition reduced ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Symptom index (SI) and symptom association probability (SAP) are indexes used to analyze data collected from ambulatory pH and/or impedance monitoring and quantify the association between symptoms and reflux events. However, their characteristics are not well defined. We measured factors that affect SI and SAP values to determine ...

Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms are common and occur in all of us from time to time. In others, reflux may be associated with ulcerative esophagitis. The symptoms may be aggravated by large meals, coffee, smoking and position. Physiological and pathological reflux can be separated by the frequency and duration of the exposure of the ...

Although the most sensitive and specific test for diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux disease, normal standards for prolonged esophageal pH monitoring are based on small sample sizes with questions raised about the effects of pH electrode, older age, gender, and methods of data analysis on pH variables. Recently ...

Using a method described earlier, an investigation of the gastro-oesophageal region was made on duodenal ulcer patients before and during cimetidine treatment. During cimetidine treatment there was a small increase in the gastro-oesophageal sphincter pressure (p less than 0.05), although the pressure still was lower than in normal individuals (p less than 0.05). The acid ...

Objective: This study analysed the relative accuracy of the Bravo wireless and the Slimline catheter-Mark III Digitrapper pH systems in the detection of acid reflux events.Methods: Twenty five asymptomatic subjects were studied. A Bravo capsule was placed 6 cm above the squamocolumnar junction (SCJ), marked by an endoclip, and a ...

The hypothesis that reflux of upper intestinal content, particularly of bile acids (BA), is responsible for a unique postgastrectomy syndrome, alkaline reflux gastritis, was tested on 28 occasions in 21 postoperative patients (14 symptomatic patients, 7 controls). Parameters evaluated: recumbent (rec.), upright, p.c. intragastric ...

The presence of gastro-oesophageal reflux was investigated in 18 children with moderate to severe asthma by overnight oesophageal pH monitoring. Appreciable reflux was found during sleep in eight; its relevance to nocturnal asthma was not clear. On another occasion the same children were challenged in a double blind fashion with a ...

the throat, stomach and colon. He researches gastroesophageal reflux disease, often called acid reflux the way acid reflux in the esophagus is measured. The doctor inserts a wire through the anesthetized, Chiao had a "eureka!" moment about the acid ...

Twenty-three patients with intractable gastro-oesophageal reflux were treated by insertion of the Angelchik antireflux prosthesis. Good symptomatic relief was achieved in over 80% of patients reviewed up to 28 months after operation and there was marked resolution of oesophagitis as seen on endoscopy. Oesophageal manometry and pH studies performed ...

BackgroundChronic cough is a common problem, frequently caused or exacerbated by acid reflux. Diagnosis of acid reflux cough is haphazard currently, often relying on long therapeutic trials of expensive medications. We tested the hypothesis that the most relevant mechanistic component of acid ...

Acid and bile acids form important constituents of the refluxed substances in patients who suffer from gastroesophageal reflux disease. Whilst 24h ambulatory pH monitoring using antimony or glass pH electrodes measures acid levels 5 cm above the ...

; not synthetically useful O Ph NPh 215 oC O Ph NPh quant. Thermal rearrangements occur in 1 - 12 h in refluxing: Synthesis of Amino Acids Synthesis of amino acids R1 O R2 NH CCl3 1) xylene, heat 2) RuCl3-NaIO4 MeCN/H2O, reflux AdPh O CCl3 NH R 1)Cy2BH ...

This study tested the hypothesis that (alginic) acid may have a preferential effect on reflux in the upright position. We evaluated the effect of a compound containing alginic acid plus antacid (extra-strength Gaviscon) versus active control antacid with equal acid-neutralizing capacity on intraesophageal ...

in the acid reflux. Researchers say patients shouldn't feel anything in their throat when the device. (Credit: UT Southwestern Medical Center) Acid Reflux 3 Day Cure Cure Your Acid Reflux Using 2 Natural Groceries From the Store www.RefluxRecovery.com 3 ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the antireflux barrier formed by Na alginate on pH-metry-defined acid reflux events in preterms. Four times/day, 1 mL/kg of Na alginate was administered as an intervention to the preterm infants whose gastroesophageal reflux disease was confirmed by 24-hour ...

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is known to cause erosive esophagitis, Barrett esophagus and has been linked to the development of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Currently, endoscopy is the main clinical tool for visualizing esophageal lesions, but the majority of GERD patients do not have endoscopic visible lesions and other methods are required. Ambulatory ...

AIM: To study a cohort of patients undergoing 48 h Bravo pH testing receiving deep sedation with propofol.METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 197 patients (81 male, 116 female) who underwent Bravo esophageal pH monitoring from July 2003 to January 2008. All patients underwent Bravo pH probe placement via ...

Background? Increased body weight is associated with higher intragastric pressure. Proximal extent of reflux is a determinant of symptoms in patients with gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). We aimed to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and abdominal circumference on the incidence and proximal extent of ...

Background and aims: The ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA_B) agonist baclofen has been shown to reduce reflux episodes during the first three postprandial hours in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and in normal controls. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of acute (one day) and chronic ...

Long duration oesophageal pH recordings were performed on 42 mechanically ventilated and parenterally fed preterm infants for a mean (SD) of 94 (28) hours. Their mean (SD) gestational age was 31.5 (2.6) weeks and birth weight 1514 (448) g. Their mean postnatal age was 19 (10) hours at the onset of pH recording, which was performed with the babies supine. ...

The following on proton pump inhibitors and chemoprevention in Barrett's esophagus includes commentaries on normalization of esophageal refluxate; the effects of 5-HT(4) agonists on EGF secretion and of lubripristone on chloride channels agents; the role of Campylobacter toxin production; the deleterious effects of unconjugated bile acids; the role of ...

Background. Obesity is a risk factor for asthma. Obese asthmatics often have poor asthma control and respond poorly to therapy. It has been suggested that co-morbidities associated with obesity, such as reflux and obstructive sleep apnea, could be important factors contributing to poor asthma control in obese patients. Objectives. The purpose of this study was to determine if ...

Phosphonoacetic acid can be prepared by the hydrolysis of trialkylphosphonoacetates in refluxing aqueous hydrochloric acid. Following the reflux period, the bulk of the aqueous hydrochloric acid is removed from the reaction mixture by distillation.

Primary repair of esophageal atresia restores gastrointestinal continuity, but does not ensure normal esophageal function. To date 22 patients, six to 32 (average 15) years after repair of their esophageal atresias, have been evaluated by personal interview and esophageal manometrics and acid reflux testing. Previous barium swallow examinations had ...

While delayed solid gastric emptying (GE) has been reported in patients with gastroesophageal reflux (GER), the relationship of GE to daytime and/or nighttime reflux patterns, and the severity of endoscopic esophagitis are unknown. The authors measured GE in a study population of symptomatic patients (n=33) with abnormal 24 hour pH ...

We studied the effects of an alginate compound (Gaviscon) on the frequency and the duration of gastroesophageal reflux (GOR) episodes in children. Twenty infants and children with characteristic symptoms of GOR were divided at random into two groups which were given either Gaviscon (ten patients, mean age: 21 months) or a placebo (ten patients, mean age: 35 months). A ...

BACKGROUND:: Historical ambulatory pH monitoring systems for the evaluation of gastroesophageal reflux disease have been catheter based and uncomfortable for patients, commonly limiting both their diet and activities. Catheter-based studies have also been reported to underestimate the amount of reflux a patient may have in a normal, ...

In 1977, a controlled, prospective trial was initiated to test the hypothesis that excessive enterogastric (EG) reflux was responsible for a unique postgastrectomy syndrome, "alkaline reflux gastritis." Late (42 +/- 3 months) follow-up on all treated patients (N = 14; Rx = 45 cm Roux Y limb) is reported. The following parameters were assessed in ...

AIM: To investigate differences in the physiopathological findings (manometry and pH monitoring) and symptoms between cases of non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) and erosive reflux disease (ERD) found positive at 24 h pH monitoring.METHODS: For a total of 670 patients who underwent 24 h pH ...

Objectives/HypothesisThe vocal fold epithelium provides a barrier to the entry of inhaled and systemic challenges. However, the location of the epithelium makes it vulnerable to damage. Past research suggests, but does not directly demonstrate, that exposure to gastric reflux adversely affects the function of the epithelial barrier. Understanding the nature of ...

AIM: To evaluate the esophageal motility and abnormal acid and bile reflux incidence in cirrhotic patients without esophageal varices (EV).METHODS: Seventy-eight patients with liver cirrhosis without EV confirmed by upper gastroesophageal endoscopy and 30 healthy control volunteers were prospectively enrolled in this study. All the patients were evaluated ...

Background/AimsPercutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) has been widely used for patients with swallowing dysfunction. However, its beneficial effects in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) are controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of PEG on the prevention of GER in patients with nasogastric tube (NGT) feeding.MethodsContinuous 24-hour ...

A 15-year-old girl was referred with a 2-year history of perennial non-productive cough, which had been preceded by Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and subsequent asthma. Symptoms were only partially responsive to anti-asthma treatment including an inhaled corticosteroid and a leukotriene receptor antagonist. The patient's BMI was 27.8; she had gained over 10 kg in the previous two years. Typical ...

The term "symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease" (GERD) refers to those patients who present with the typical GERD symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation, yet do not have endoscopic evidence of esophagitis. The primary goals of managing symptomatic GERD are to control symptoms and improve quality of life. A clinical assessment of the GERD patient can identify important ...

This paper reports the long-term results of the Angelchik antireflux prosthesis (ACP) in Nottingham from October 1981 to December 1989 in 42 patients with gastrooesophageal reflux disease (GORD). Pre- and postoperative oesophagoscopy, pH monitoring, acid reflux provocation test (ARPT), manometry and symptom ...

Twenty patients with bronchial asthma who also had gastro-oesophageal reflux were investigated. The severity of their reflux was graded using symptom score of heartburn and regurgitation and by the following investigations: barium swallow and meal, fibreoptic endoscopy and biopsy, manometry and pH monitoring of the distal oesophagus, ...

Background? Oropharyngeal (OP) pH monitoring has been developed as a new way to diagnose supra-esophageal gastric reflux (SEGR), but has not been well validated. Our aim was to determine the correlation between OP pH and gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) events detected by multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH ...

Sixty-nine infants younger than 1 year of age, with symptoms of persistent vomiting, recurrent choking, apnea, persistent cough, or stridor, were evaluated for gastroesophageal reflux. All infants underwent extended intraesophageal pH monitoring for 16 to 24 hours as well as gastroesophageal scintigraphy with technetium 99m sulfur colloid to study the ...

Sixty-nine infants younger than 1 year of age, with symptoms of persistent vomiting, recurrent choking, apnea, persistent cough, or stridor, were evaluated for gastroesophageal reflux. All infants underwent extended intraesophageal pH monitoring for 16 to 24 hours as well as gastroesophageal scintigraphy with technetium 99m sulfur colloid to study the ...

In patients with proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) resistant reflux symptoms, ambulatory 24?h pH impedance monitoring can be used to assess whether a relationship exists between symptoms and reflux episodes. Using this technique it has been suggested that patients with typical reflux symptoms and a normal upper endoscopy ...

In patients with proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) resistant reflux symptoms, ambulatory 24?h pH impedance monitoring can be used to assess whether a relationship exists between symptoms and reflux episodes. Using this technique it has been suggested that patients with typical reflux symptoms and a normal upper endoscopy ...

AIM: To investigate the effects of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) feeding on gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) in a group of these children using combined intraluminal pH and multiple intraluminal impedance (pH/MII).METHODS: Ten neurologically impaired children underwent 12 h combined pH/MII procedures at least 1 d before and at least 12 d after ...

AIM: To determine the effects of duodenogastric juice pH on the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC).METHODS: An animal model of duodenogastroesophageal reflux was established using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats undergoing esophagoduodenostomy (ED). The development of EAC was investigated in rats exposed to duodenogastric juice of different ...

OBJECTIVES:Recent studies have consistently reported a significant association between gastric atrophy and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs). However, causative factors responsible for the linkage remain to be clarified. Multichannel intraluminal impedance monitoring in conjunction with a pH sensor (MII-pH) is a reliable technique to evaluate gastroesophageal ...

In this paper we present an augmentation to the wearable computers typically used to determine if a patient is a candidate for surgery to correct problems associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). A wearable camera was used by the first author while participating in a 24�hour stomach acid pH study. After the study�s ...

Few studies had evaluated the results of proton pump inhibitors on distal and proximal pH recording using a dual-channel probe. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and pH-metric effect of treatment with pantoprazole 80 mg for 8 weeks in patients with ear, nose, and throat (ENT) manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease associated ...

Acid gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) is common in preterm infants but there is a lack of a non-invasive technique to establish the diagnosis. The aim of this study was to identify whether the presence of acid in oro-pharyngeal secretions (OPS) was a valid indicator of clinically significant acid GOR in preterm ...

We intended to estimate the applicability of oesophageal pHmetry for the evaluation and diagnosis of reflux oesophagitis after resection of the cardia and total gastrectomy. We applied the system of glass calomel electrode type GK 282 C (Radiometer-Kopenhagen). The pH probe was introduced transnasally in the remnant of the stomach or into the jejunum. Its ...

Dysplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma may arise in patients with Barrett's esophagus after fundoplication esophageal pH monitoring showing no acid in esophagus. This suggests the need to develop methodology to evaluate the occurrence of ultra-distal reflux (1cm above the LES). The objective of the study was to compare ...

When a child is sick, parents want answers. They want to know what is wrong, what they can do, and how to get their child healthy--pronto. Regrettably, there are some puzzling illnesses affecting children that are surrounded by mystery. One of them is gastroesophageal reflux (GER), otherwise known as acid reflux--or ...

Methods and compositions are disclosed for neutralizing acidic components in petroleum refining units. The neutralizing agent comprises a member selected from the group of dimethylaminoethanol and dimethylisopropanolamine. The neutralizing agent may be added directly to the charge, in a reflux line, or directly to the overhead line of the refining unit. In ...

Methods and compositions are disclosed for neutralizing acidic components in petroleum refining units. The neutralizing agent comprises a member selected from the group of dimethylaminoethanol and dimethylisopropanolamine. The neutralizing agent may be added directly to the charge, in a reflux line, or directly to the overhead line of the refining unit. In ...

For several years our respective groups have investigated the formation of aromatic compounds from carbohydrates in aqueous solution at various pH-values under reflux or hydrothermolytic conditions. For instance, previous papers in this series concerned the degradation of hexoses, pentoses, erythrose, dihydroxyacetone, and hexuronic acids to phenolic and ...

Up to 60 percent of the population at some time during the year, and 20 to 30 percent weekly, experience symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. GERD, or acid reflux, occurs when the lower esophageal s...

Thiol-capped CdTe nanoparticles were synthesized in aqueous solution by wet chemical route. CdTe nanoparticles with bifunctional molecule mercaptoacetic acid as a stabilizer were synthesized at pH?11.2 and using potassium tellurite as tellurium source. The effect of refluxing time on the preparation of these samples was measured using ...

Pharmacologic treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is accomplished almost exclusively with medications whose primary mechanism of action is to inhibit or neutralize gastric acidity, thus treating the disease by reducing exposure to the primary injurious agent and not by decreasing actual reflux. Although clinical trials ...

Suppression of gastric acid secretion is widely used and logical for the treatment of acid-related diseases. Healing of duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux disease is correlated significantly with the degree and the duration of suppression of intragastric acidity over 24 hours and with the ...

, and no individual should make any medical decisions or change their health behavior based on information provided Preidt Ads by Google � Acid Reflux 3 Day Cure Cure Your Acid Reflux Using 2 Natural Groceries From Methods That Work. www.Naturally-Stop-Acid-Reflux.com � ...

Gastroesophageal reflux disease is defined as a disorder where reflux of the stomach content is bothersome and/or brings about complications. A condition, where reflux symptoms persist or new occur and oesophagitis healing fails to take place despite maximum treatment, is classified as refractory gastroesophageal ...

... acid fruits and vegetables, such as citrus fruits, pineapple, tomatoes, or tomato-based dishes (such as pizza, ...

... the amount of acid in the esophagus) � Esophageal impedance test (measures the movement of substances in the ...

BackgroundThere is controversy about the tailored or routine addition of an antireflux fundoplication in large hiatal hernia (type II�IV) repair. We investigated the strategy of selective addition of a fundoplication in patients with a large hiatal hernia and concomitant gastroesophageal reflux disease.MethodsBetween 2002 and 2008, 60 patients with a large hiatal hernia were ...

Oesophageal exposure to duodenogastro-oesophageal refluxate leads to reflux oesophagitis and is implicated in the development of Barrett's metaplasia (BM). NF-?B signalling in epithelial cells is associated with the activation of transcription factors believed to be central to BM development, whilst NF-?B activation in fibroblasts plays a critical role in ...

Background/AimsImpedance-pH monitoring allows detailed characterization of gastroesophageal reflux and esophageal activity associated with reflux. We assessed the characteristics of nocturnal reflux and esophageal activity preceding and following reflux.MethodsImpedance-pH tracings from 11 healthy subjects and 76 ...

Intraoral burning sensations are a common problem in the otolaryngological practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate if laryngopharyngeal reflux can cause intraoral burning sensations by measuring oropharyngeal acid reflux. Patients with recurring intraoral burning sensations underwent oropharyngeal pH ...

Aspirin is used widely as an antithrombotic drug for the prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Although aspirin increases the risk for gastrointestinal mucosal injury, the effect on esophageal mucosa is unclear. This study investigates whether aspirin induces esophageal mucosal injury and whether a proton-pump inhibitor can prevent such injury in relation to CYP2C19 genotypes. ...

In spite of poor evidence, many patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux are advised to avoid fat and spices. We therefore measured gastro-oesophageal reflux after fatty and spicy meals. During three 24-h pH monitoring sessions, eight volunteers ate two identical, low fat and mild beef stews, or a hot and fatty Indian curry for lunch. ...

We studied the effect of cisapride on oesophageal motor function and postprandial gastro-oesophageal reflux in a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled crossover study. In 16 patients with symptomatic gastro-oesophageal reflux, cisapride 10 mg orally and placebo were studied on separate days according to identical protocols. Cisapride and placebo ...

In patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), esophageal symptoms are traditionally diagnosed by monitoring the contact time between the reflux content and the esophagus using multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH (MII-pH) catheters. However, esophageal catheter for quantifying the volume of reflux ...

's synthesis, which was completed in 2 years: 1 4 N CO2Et H3CO quininic acid ethyl ester HN CO2Et ethoxy-Fritsch synthesis #12;OH H O OH H N H2N PhH, reflux (94% yield) N OH78% aq H2SO4 3 �C 12 h, 25 �C 36 h (64% yield OEt MeI, K2CO3 EtOH, reflux 48 h (90% yield) AcN XLIV 44 NMe3I O OEt KOH, H2O 165 - 180 �C ...

The aim of the study was the quantitative and qualitative assessment of the pathological reflux episodes present in laryngological diseases in relation to GERD. These findings allowed for outlining the relationship between the reported subjective ailments and the disturbances of function and acidic refluxes diagnosed in pH-metric ...

The following on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and chemoprevention in relation to Barrett's esophagus includes commentaries on 48-h pH monitoring, pH-impedence, bile acid testing, dyspepsia, long/short segment Barrett's esophagus, nonerosive reflux disease (NERD), functional heartburn, dual-release delivery PPIs, immediate-release ...

... The esters were prepared by refluxing stoichiometric quantities of a polyhydric alcohol (or a polybasic acid) with one or more acids (or alcohols) in ...

Saliva is an important factor in neutralization of oesophageal acid exposure, clinically manifested as gastrooesophageal reflux (GOR). The aim of this study is to compare the composition and the "capacity in acid neutralization" (CAN) of saliva in controls and patients suffering of GOR. We compared the composition of saliva from 56 ...

During an eight month period, 22 children less than 15 years of age (mean age of three years and seven months) who underwent operative treatment of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) were selected for study. All were symptomatic and unresponsive to medical therapy. Preoperative evaluation included esophageal pH probe monitoring in 18 patients, gastric isotope ...

The oesophageal acid clearance time was evaluated in 10 healthy volunteers of 'small' boluses of 0.5 and 1 ml and 'minute' boluses of 0.05 and 0.1 ml 0.1 N HCl, as well as 0.1 and 1 ml 0.01 and 0.001 N HCl. Swallow rate was normalised at q 60 seconds. For 0.1 ml 0.1 N HCl, acid clearance time was also measured for swallow intervals of q 30 and 120 seconds. ...

esophagus may be a sign of, or occur with: Barrett's esophagus Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) Esophageal scarring Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Heartburn Reflux...

BACKGROUND/AIMS--Reducing oesophageal acid exposure by suppressing acid secretion with omeprazole is highly effective in healing reflux oesophagitis. Some patients with severe oesophagitis, fail to heal and whether this results from inadequate acid suppression or other factors is unclear. The aim of this study, was ...

Intravenous radionuclide cystography using a single intravenous injection of 99mtechnetium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, provides information on individual kidney function, coarse anatomy and vesicorenal reflux. This study investigates the effectiveness of intravenous radionuclide cystography in detecting reflux. In 58 children ...

Patients with Barrett's columnar lined lower oesophagus have severe acid gastrooesophageal reflux and may develop complications, including ulceration, stricture, and carcinoma. The aim of this study was to establish if a relationship exists between the pH profile in the oesophagus and stomach and the development of complications in ...

Our understanding of the relationship between gastro-oesophageal reflux and respiratory disease has recently undergone important changes. The previous paradigm of airway reflux as synonymous with the classic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) causing heartburn has been overturned. Numerous epidemiological studies have shown a ...

The aim of this study is to evaluate gastric emptying change in patients with gastroesophageal reflux (GER). To this purpose, 36 patients with GER diagnosis and 18 control subjects have been studied. GER diagnosis was achieved by means of endoscopy, biopsy and 24 h continuous pH monitoring. Gastric emptying studies were performed on a two day basis, ...

Aim: To present a complex oral health status including salivary factors, microbial analysis and periodontal and hygiene indices in patients with active gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). Return of stomach contents is quite common in cases of gastro-oesophageal reflux. Pathological acid movement from the stomach into the ...

Sixty-five symptomatic infants and children underwent radionuclide gastroesophagography, acid reflux testing, and barium esophagography with water-siphon testing to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the scintigraphic technique in detecting gastroesophageal reflux. After ingesting /sup 99m/Tc sulfur colloid in fruit juice, patients ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the results of a new surgical procedure for patients with Barrett's esophagus. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: In addition to pathologic acid reflux into the esophagus in patients with severe gastroesophageal reflux and Barrett's esophagus, increased duodenoesophegeal reflux has been implicated. ...

BACKGROUND: Patients who are unable to eat or drink after stroke may receive percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) or nasogastric tube feeding. Although the most common serious complication is well known to be aspiration pneumonia, the role of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) has not been fully assessed. The aim of this study was to examine, by means of 24-hour esophageal ...

Forty bottle-fed babies, 4-12 weeks old, with clinical gastro-oesophageal reflux were studied. Continuous 24 h oesophageal pH monitoring in a prone position demonstrated a gastro-oesophageal reflux with all of the following parameters: reflux index, duration of the longest reflux episode, ...

Patients that do not respond satisfactorily to standard proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment have become the most common presentation of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) in third referral gastrointestinal practices. The causes of refractory GERD include lack of compliance with treatment, residual acid reflux and weakly ...

and activity patterns that may play a part in the acid reflux. Researchers say patients shouldn't feel anythingDoctors, Engineers Develop New Wireless System To Detect Esophageal Reflux Science Daily -- UT that uses electrical impulses to track esophageal reflux. The wireless technology, called radio frequency

Twenty-four hours multichannel intraesophageal impedance and pH monitoring in a patient who suffered from recurrent hiccups for more than a year revealed frequent supragastric belching and pathological oesophageal acid exposure. Furthermore, a temporal relationship between the start of a hiccup episode and gastric belching was observed. The data support ...

IntroductionThe objective was to determine the frequency of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in mechanically ventilated pediatric patients and its role as a risk factor for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), which may be enhanced among those patients.MethodsThe study is a prospective cohort study of mechanically ventilated pediatric patients in the pediatric intensive care ...

... or Acid Reflux Disease: A Review of the Research for Adults Formats View PDF 434 kB Download ... Rabeprazole Aciphex� Esomeprazole Nexium� Dexlansoprazole Dexilant� What does research say about medicines for GERD? PPIs work better ...

refluxing trifluoroacetic acid or polyphosphoric acid at. 200" C. [P. M. Hergenrother, . .... reflux condenser is placed 2,5-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)- ...

Symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux occurs daily in an estimated 7% of adults and weekly or monthly in 29%. Untreated it can lead to esophageal erosions, ulceration and stricture formation. The pathogenesis is often multifactorial: defects in the function of the lower esophageal sphincter, esophageal clearance mechanisms and gastric emptying combine to produce frequent lengthy ...

BackgroundBarrett's oesophagus is a premalignant condition associated with an increased risk for the development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (ADCA). Previous studies indicated that oxidative damage contributes to the development of ADCA.ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that bile acids and gastric acid, two components of refluxate, can ...

... organic dusts such as such as bacteria and animal proteins) Viral or bacterial lung ... radiation. Acid reflux disease (GERD) In addition, IPF ...

... with a glass stopper then the contents of the flask were heated to reflux. ... contents of the flask and was identified as perfluoro- glutaric acid from its me ...

... medical care. �ORLive,� the vision of improving health. Hello and welcome. We are coming to live from ...

... After filtration of the sodium chloride, an excess of methanol was addad ... amine employing iron and acetic acid in refluxing methanol-water solution. ...

triethylamine as an acid acceptor produced a poly- ethylenediaminesilazane. ... dropping funnel, and reflux condenser. To this flask ...

boiled with concentrated HC1 with a reflux condenser for 48 ... with concentrated hydrofluoric acid in a platinum crucible. ...

... esophageal sphincter doesn't function properly, acid and food can ... cancer of the esophagus. Frequently, dysfunction of the lower ...

made t o synthesize trifluoromethyl hydroxamic acid and the corresponding isocyanate. ..... and reflux condenser with Drierite guard tube. The mixture ...

... for developing lasting GERD symptoms increased in direct correlation to the length of exposure to the dust ...

Objectives: Oesophageal pH monitoring is a useful test for the diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) but has some limitations related to the nasopharyngeal electrode. Recently, a telemetric catheter free system (CFS) (Bravo; Medtronic) was developed. The aim of this study was to determine the concordance of data between the conventional ...

Using 24 hour pH monitoring as a reference standard, the usefulness of the acid perfusion (AP) test in predicting gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) was assessed in 71 non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP) patients and 23 endoscopic oesophagitis patients. Of the 71 NCCP patients, 35 had a positive AP test (of whom 20 had an abnormal 24 ...

Spitting is a common occurrence in infants and is usually of no consequence. When regurgitation is accompanied by the return of gastric acids into the esophagus, however, it is considered to be gastroesophageal reflux. Failure to thrive, esophagitis, aspiration, chronic respiratory disease, and apnea can all be associated with pathologic gastroesophageal ...

were refluxed with different concentrations of nitric acid, and in the second, metal precursors were of CNTs before metal deposi- tion. It is known that refluxing CNTs in nitric acid not only opens] are illustrated in Fig. 1. The CNTs in the first step were refluxed in various nitric ...

) a Reactions were carried out on 0.1 mmol scale in 2 mL of solvent at reflux with 3 equiv of phenylboronic acid-propanol at reflux temperature; 3 equiv of phenylboronic acid were used. b Reactions were performed on 0 carried out on 0.2 mmol scale in 2 mL of 2-propanol at reflux for 4 h with 3 ...

The precise mechanisms whereby gastroesophageal reflux disease causes reflux esophagitis and Barrett�s esophagus are not clear, even though these diseases have been known to be linked for many years. Recent studies indicate a role for the reflux-induced inflammatory response of esophageal squamous epithelial cells and the immune ...

Laryngopharyngeal reflux is a controversial but increasingly made diagnosis used in patients with a collection of often non-specific laryngeal symptoms. It is a clinical diagnosis, and its pathophysiology is currently poorly understood.Previous reflux research has focused on injurious agents, acid, pepsin and biomarker expression. ...

... produced by your stomach. H2 blockers and proton pump inhibitors work by decreasing the amount of acid ...

Thirty two consecutive patients (age range 6 months-13.4 years) with severe reflux oesophagitis were randomised to a therapeutic trial for eight weeks during which they received either standard doses of omeprazole (40 mg/day/1.73 m2 surface area) or high doses of ranitidine (20 mg/kg/day). Twenty five patients completed the trial (12 on omeprazole, 13 on ranitidine). At entry ...

AIM: To investigate whether potent acid inhibition is effective in non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) refractory to standard rabeprazole (RPZ) treatment.METHODS: We treated 10 Japanese patients with NERD resistant to standard dosages of RPZ: 10 mg or 20 mg od, 20 mg bid, or 10 mg qid for 14 d. All patients completed a frequency scale for symptoms of ...

We treated two patients (each aged over 90 years) with Helicobacter pylori-negative nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-caused duodenal ulcers, and had the opportunity to determine gastric acidity by means of 24-h pH monitoring. Endoscopic and histological examination showed no remarkable atrophic change in the gastric mucosa. The gastric ...

As the relative efficacy of therapeutic agents in the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease is related to how consistently and completely gastric acid secretion is suppressed, intragastric pH monitoring is a useful tool in stratifying therapies. If there is no acid in the stomach, there can be none to ...

BackgroundTo evaluate whether there are differences in the cerebral response to intraesophageal acid and psychological anticipation stimuli among subtypes of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).MethodsThirty nine patients with GERD and 11 healthy controls were enrolled in this study after gastroscopy and 24 hr pH monitoring. GERD ...

Refluxing C{sub 60} together with glycine ethyl ester yields C{sub 60}(Me{sub 2}CHNHCHCOOEt) (1) while under photochemical activation, the major product is C{sub 60}(EtOOCCHNHCCOOEt) (2b). Photochemical activation of C{sub 60} in the presence of sarcosine esters gives C{sub 60}(CH{sub 2}N(Me)CHCOOR) (3) C{sub 60}(ROOCCHNHCHCOOR) (2) (R = Me, Et, CH{sub ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the diagnostic value of dynamic MRI swallowing in patients with symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). METHODS: Thirty-seven patients (17�m/20f) with typical signs of GERD underwent MR swallowing in the supine position at 1.5�T with a phased-array body coil. Using dynamic, gradient echo sequences (B-FFE) in the coronal, sagittal and ...

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common condition which is particularly prevalent in patients with asthma and chronic cough. Physiologic changes caused by asthma and chronic cough promote acid reflux. GERD is also considered by many investigators as a factor contributing to airway inflammation. An etiological relationship ...

An abnormal score during 24-hr esophageal pH monitoring in achalasia may be associated either with a slow steady drift to below pH 4, or else multiple sharp dips characteristic of typical gastroesophageal reflux. To test the hypothesis that the former pattern was due to food fermentation and not reflux, samples of ...

is weak, the powerful acid which helps digest the food can reflux back into the esophagus causing-old female) with symptoms of GERD, including heart burn and acid reflux, and another patient (50-year10439-005-2866-8 Assessment of the Esophageal Pressure in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease by the ...

the natural peristalsis of the oesophagus clears the refluxate back into the stomach. In others where acid them from stomach acid: the oesophagus does not have this protective barrier. The result of refluxed) in the short-term heal- ing and long-term maintenance of reflux oesophagitis, from a ...

Gastroesophageal reflux is a diesease caused by a disorder of the esophagus motor function, weakening of the barrier lower esophageal sphincter function, slowing-down of gastric evacuation, and as result, prolonged contact of the gullett mucosa with the acidic gastric content. PMID:12619586

... Take-Home Guide Parent Take-Home Guide (Espa�ol) VIDEO Infant Reflux and GERD: Distinctions and Management Video Teen GERD Video Medical Animation Video Animated cartoon ...

was applied to optimize the production of both enantiomers in > 97% ee. At zero reflux, 12 stages are required for 99% ee for both enantiomers. Application of a reflux allows a 25% reduction of the total liquid flow, allows for the separation of a wide range of classes of organic compounds (i.e. amino acids

7 10 cc - additional phosphorus acid added to (6) above and reheated with new cloth sample. Refluxed 48. 0.3% hours (white). Reflux 48 hours post heat treat ...

Laryngopharyngeal reflux has been proposed as a possible cause of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). We investigated the efferent laryngeal and diaphragmatic responses to acid exposure on the laryngeal mucosa using a neonatal canine model. Electromyographic (EMG) recordings from the thyroarytenoid muscle and the diaphragm were measured with hooked-wire ...

Bioimpedance spectroscopy can identify pathological changes related to precancerous lesions of the cervix uteri and esophagus. It therefore has the potential to detect early reflux-related changes in the esophageal mucosa, such as dilated intercellular spaces. The reliable detection of dilated intercellular spaces at the time of endoscopy would yield a significant diagnostic ...

In a mature organism, the contact between various liquids and the laryngeal mucosa triggers lower airway protective responses (cough, swallowing, arousal). These laryngeal chemoreflexes (LCR) are essential for preventing aspiration. In contrast, previous studies showed that LCR are responsible for apnea and bradycardia in the neonatal mammal. Consequently, LCR, especially when triggered by ...

acid oligomers. Amino terminated amic acid oligomers are ..... molecular weight imide oligomers ml) was heated to reflux for 3 h under a nitrogen atmosphere ...

The formation of trif luoroacetic acid and acetic acid during the reflux- ing of trif luoroacetic anhydride with N,N-dimethyl- or N,N-diethylacetamide ...

hydrogenated trimer acid is then esterified over a period of seven days by refluxing in a ... conclusion of the esterification, the acid catalyst is ...

The amic acid intermediate was formed in the initia.1 room temperature step, and the temperature was raised to reflux, the amic acid was dehydrated ...

1. This study evaluated the inhibitory action of apigenin-7-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside (AGC), apigenin, and omeprazole on reflux oesophagitis and gastritis in rats. AGC was isolated from Clerodendron trichotomum leaves. 2. Oesophagitis and gastritis were induced by surgical procedure and the administration of indomethacin, respectively. The intraduodenal (i.d.) ...

Background:Laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery has been shown to be superior to medical management for treatment of complicated gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This study encompasses 100 consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic Nissen-Rossetti or Toupet fundoplications for GERD refractory to medical management.Study Design:All 100 patients had ...

Photo-active colloidal anatase was prepared from sodium titanate nanotubes by refluxing in 0.3M HCl. The refluxing was carried out in cycles, replacing the acid each time. After the second reflux cycle a suspension of colloidal anatase was formed above the residual solids. After three reflux ...

Rabeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that can be used in the treatment of acid-peptic-related disorders (gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD], duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, gastric acid hypersecretory syndromes) and Helicobacter pylori. Pharmacodynamic data has demonstrated that rabeprazole, with a high pKa of approximately 5.0, ...

Injury of the oesophageal mucosa can result from exposure to refluxed gastric acid and pepsin. Competence of the lower oesophageal sphincter and peristaltic activity serve to reduce contract time between luminal acid and oesophageal mucosa, but intraluminal neutralisation of residual acid by bicarbonate may also be ...

Monitoring gastric pH for long periods, usually 24 h, may be essential in analyzing the physiological pattern of acidity, in obtaining information on changes in activity during peptic ulcer disease, and in assessing the effect of antisecretory drugs. Gastro-esophageal reflux, which causes a pH decrease in the ...

AIM: To evaluate the association between ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) and gastropharyngeal reflux disease (GPRD) in patients who underwent ambulatory 24-h dual-probe pH monitoring for the evaluation of supraesophageal symptoms.METHODS: A total of 632 patients who underwent endoscopy, esophageal manometry and ambulatory 24-h dual-pH monitoring due ...

This work was carried out with the purpose of developing a new method of gastroesophageal reflux (GOR) detection. It is based on the emission of a light beam to the inferior part of the oesophagus and on the detection and analysis of the corresponding reflected light intensity. The optical properties of the oesophageal lumen are then used to identify the GOR episodes, solving, ...

Incompetence of the lower esophageal sphincter mechanism leads to gastroesophageal reflux (GER), which is the most common indication for surgery of the gastroesophageal junction. Evaluation, diagnosis, and the modern surgical treatment of GER are discussed. Evaluation of patients with severe heartburn include upper endoscopy to evaluate the general condition of the esophagus, ...

) reflux in benzene for 18 hours. 3) reflux in benzene with a trace of p-toluene sulfuric acid for 2 l/2 aeiifh~ti91T~ 1) dicyclohexylcarbodiimideand pyridine in methylene chloride at reflux for one day. 2

play a part in the acid reflux. Researchers say patients shouldn't feel anything in their throat when, Engineers Develop New Wireless System to Detect Esophageal Reflux Updated: 5/29/2007 12:06:05 PM Print reflux. The wireless technology, called radio frequency identification (RFID), has been used in thousands

play a part in the acid reflux. Researchers say patients shouldn't feel anything in their throat when reflux Latest News Medical News Releases >Video News Releases >En Espanol UT Southwestern in the Media have developed a wireless monitoring system that uses electrical impulses to track esophageal reflux

The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of anti-reflux medications on the management of periprosthetic leakage in laryngectomised patients with prosthetic voice rehabilitation. Sixty patients underwent laryngectomy and prosthetic voice rehabilitation. In a prospective non-randomised study, we examined the patients clinically and assessed the presence of ...

The technique of 24 hour esophageal pH monitoring (24 hour pH test) is described. Experience with the 24 hour pH test in 393 patients with suspected esophageal disease has shown the clinical usefulness of the test in objectively determining the presence of gastroesophageal reflux. The test was effective in ...

QUESTION In addition to suffering from nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, which is being treated with antiemetics, some of my pregnant patients complain of heartburn and acid reflux. Should these symptoms also be treated and, if so, which acid-reducing medications are safe for use during pregnancy?ANSWER Increased severity of nausea and ...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of chronic xerostomia on parameters of gastroesophageal reflux and esophagitis. DESIGN: Observational study of a cohort of male patients with xerostomia and age-matched control subjects. SETTING: Tertiary-care Veterans Affairs Medical Center. SUBJECTS: Sixteen male patients with chronic xerostomia secondary to radiation for head and neck ...

The relationship between gastroesophageal reflux and asthma has not been clearly defined. We measured the lower esophageal sphincter pressures and studied gastroesophageal reflux patterns over 24 hours using an ambulatory Gastroreflux Recorder (Del Mar Avionics, Irvine, CA) in 44 controls and 104 consecutive adult asthmatics. The presence or absence of ...

Gastro esophageal reflux disease and ulcer related or non-ulcer dyspepsia, attacks 20% of the Western population. These millions of patients are treated continuously with PPI for different periods, many for many years. Recently, rebound acid hypersecretion was recognized as a major clinical event after cessation of PPI therapy. Sustained hypergastrinemia ...

ObjectiveBarrett�s oesophagus is a premalignant disease associated with oesophageal adenocarcinoma. The major goal of this study was to determine the mechanism responsible for bile acid-induced alteration in intracellular pH (pH_i) and its effect on DNA damage in cells derived from normal oesophagus (HET1A) or Barrett�s oesophagus ...

Gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) is common in preterm infants. Combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH monitoring (pH-MII) is emerging as an useful tool to study both acid and non-acid GOR in this population. We aimed to highlight main advantages and limits of pH-MII in preterm infants and to test ...

Samples of lignite ash were obtained from the start-up operations of the San Miguel Electric Cooperative Power Station at Jourdanton, Texas. Fly ash and bottoms ash were subjected to the conditions of a worst case analysis by refluxing with demineralized water in order to determine the maximum concentrations of hazardous inorganic pollutants which could be leached from the ash ...

Fifty-four children who had chronic bronchopulmonary disease (CBPD) were investigated for the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux (GER). An activity score for CBPD and a numerical reflux score using criteria from a pH probe study were established. Results of barium esophagography, endoscopy, and prolonged esophageal ...

Gastroesophageal reflux disease can cause respiratory symptoms. These symptoms are triggered by reflux events that reach the pharynx, causing microaspiration or through vagal reflex. Respiratory symptoms can be vague and coexist with gastroesophageal reflux disease, without a real link between the two entities. To effectively treat ...

block and reflux until the evolution of brown fumes ceases.Cool the tube, add 2 ml of 72%perchloric acid of concentrated nitric acid and refluxed before the addition of the other acids. In all casesrecov- eries were and perchloric (5:2 v/v) or nitric-sul- furic-perchloric (5:2:0.5 v/v) ...

An open multicenter study was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of alginic acid in two different dosages in 76 pediatric patients with gastroesophageal reflux confirmed by pH monitoring. Among the 69 patients in whom endoscopy was carried out before treatment, 18 had erythematous esophagitis and 5 had erosive esophagitis. ...

Proton pump inhibitors are the second most commonly prescribed drug class in the United States. The increased utilization of PPIs parallels the rising incidence of reflux disease. Owing to their clinical efficacy and relative lack of tachyphylaxis, PPIs have largely displaced H-2 receptor antagonists in the treatment of acid peptic disorders. The elevation ...

One hundred two patients referred to our Esophageal Function Laboratory without endoscopic evidence of esophagitis were divided into two groups on the basis of the presence of a hiatal hernia on endoscopic examination. Fifty-three patients had a hiatal hernia and 49 did not. Both groups and 30 normal volunteer subjects had esophageal manometry and 24 hour esophageal pH ...

Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a premalignant condition, where normal squamous epithelium is replaced by intestinal epithelium. BE is associated with an increased risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). However, the BE cell of origin is not clear. We hypothesize that BE tissue originates from esophageal squamous cells, which can differentiate to columnar cells as a result of repeated ...

For several years the authors respective groups have investigated the formation of aromatic compounds from carbohydrates in aqueous solution at various pH values under reflux or hydrothermolytic conditions. The current research was initiated to study the competition between the formation of phenolic compounds (aldol involvement) and that of furans ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate prospectively the outcome of laparoscopic fundoplication in a large cohort of patients with typical symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The development of laparoscopic fundoplication over the past several years has resulted in renewed interest in the surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease ...

Melatonin is implicated in sustaining the esophageal integrity in gastro-esophageal reflux disease. However, the role of its synthetic precursor l-tryptophan is not clear in this pathology. The present study was designed to explore the effects of l-tryptophan on esophageal damage following reflux esophagitis (RE)-establishment and concurrent alterations in ...

Sep 12, 1980 ... acid esters and primary diamines which involve spray drying the resin. .... 45 reflux temperature of the esterification agent during ...

carbonaceous material by reflux in nitric acid, followed by thermal oxidation in 20-percent. O2 ambient and annealing in argon at 1200 �C. The purification ...

Aug 8, 2007 ... After that nanotubes proceed through several steps of acid reflux and DI water washing This technique has average yield of ~70%. ...

... Medicine and director, Round Rock Division of Gastroenterology, Scott White Healthcare; Thomas Watson, M.D., chief, thoracic ...

(e.g., acid reflux). These processes do not completely remove the undesired materials and do not disperse bundles and ropes into individual suspended ...

tetracarboxylic acid in acetic anhydride - toluene at reflux. The product remained insoluble in the reaction solvents and the impurities dissolved in the ...

by automatic amino acid analyzer in conjunction with a continuous flow beta scintillation detector Reflux in 6N HCf, Zl,houre, released following amino ...

... end of the esophagus has a sphincter, a ring of muscle, that helps keep the acidic contents ... stomach or out of the throat. When these rings of muscle do not work properly, you may ...

The metal is dissolved in sulfuric acid by heating under reflux. The chloride is determined by amperometric litration with 0.01 N nitrate solution. (J.R.D.)