... of a Prompt Gamma Ray Detector for Intense Bursts of Protons. ... for determining the intensity and duration of kiloampere pulsed proton beams is ...

The gamma-ray component of the reactor radiation field can produce effects which impact strongly upon reactor design, shielding, and safety. Radiation effects arising from the gamma-ray component are induced by interaction of the absolute gamma-ray energy...

In reactor environments, gamma-ray spectra are continuous and the absolute magnitude as well as the general shape of the gamma continuum are of paramount importance. Consequently, conventional methods of gamma-ray detection are not suitable for in-core ga...

The majority of practical radioactive materials decay by modes that include {gamma}-ray emission. For questions of 'how much' or 'how pure', one must know the absolute intensities of the major radiations. We are using liquid scintillation counting (LSC) to measurements of disintegration rates, coupled with ...

... 3) For now, TLD 400s should be recognized as the NATO standard gamma-ray dosimeter (again in the absolute sense). ...

identification and localization of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB) onboard the LAT for follow-up .... Probability Cut (sum of absolute value of the log of the ...

Compton recoil gamma-ray spectroscopy provides absolute measurements of continuous gamma-ray spectra. Peaks which possess sufficient intensity above the continuum level can be observed. Since the inception of this spectrometric method, this method has evo...

The energy resolution, absolute efficiency, time resolution, and other performance parameters of bismuth germanate detectors for high-energy gamma detection are reported. (WHK)

Cross sections have been measured for the production of prompt nuclear $gamma$ rays in the pion bombardment of Al, Ca, V, and $sup 60$Ni. Several disagreements with values in the literature are noted. (AIP)

We examined the reliability of prompt {gamma}-ray intensities by measuring ratios of thermal neutron capture cross sections on 23Na, 27Al, 51V, 55Mn, 64Ni, 65Cu, 141Pr, 186W, and 197Au at the Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute. The cross sections were obtained by two methods: the first is detecting prompt {gamma}-rays (which we call the ...

Absolute partial gamma-ray cross sections for production of discrete gamma rays in the (239)Pu(n,2n(gamma)i)238Pu reaction have been measured. The experiments were performed at LANSCE/WNR on the 60R flight line. Reaction gamma-rays were measured using the...

The absolute intensities of 36 ?-rays in the energy range of 292-8579 keV from neutron capture in chlorine were remeasured at the Budapest cold neutron prompt gamma activation analysis facility. The 1% level of accuracy of the nitrogen standard was practically achieved for the relative intensity of most of the 36Cl ...

Relative intensities for K x-rays and gamma rays emanating from /sup 99/Mo in equilibrium with its /sup 99/Tc* daughter have been measured using several Ge photon detectors. Combining these intensities with an evaluated set of electron-conversion coefficients has provided a set of absolute intensities for the ...

In conjunction with {gamma}-ray diagnostic development for the NOVA Upgrade and Alcator C-MOD experiments, we have assembled a comprehensive set of absolutely calibrated {gamma}-ray sources and several {gamma}-ray detectors. These tools will be used in characterizing and calibrating new ...

Measurements of bomb efficiencies from the number of gamma rays requires fundamentally two separate experiments. The average number of gamma rays emitted from the fission fragments (delayed gamma rays) per fission must be determined. This experiment can be carried out in ...

The measurement of bomb efficiencies from the number of gamma rays requires fundamentally two separate experiments. The average number of gamma rays emitted from the fission fragments (delayed gamma rays) per fission must be determined. This experiment can be carried out in ...

Most of nuclei emit two or more prompt gamma rays in the neutron capture reaction. In multiple prompt gamma-ray analysis (MPGA), the gamma rays are simultaneously measured by two or more sets of gamma-ray detectors; these gamma rays ...

Most of nuclei emit two or more prompt gamma rays in the neutron capture reaction. In multiple prompt gamma-ray analysis (MPGA), the gamma rays are simultaneously measured by two or more sets of gamma-ray detectors; these gamma rays ...

The absolute intensities of {gamma} rays produced in the decay of {sup 182}Hf were determined by measuring its {gamma}-ray spectra with high-resolution Ge spectrometers. Because the sample was chemically purified more than 30 years ago, the daughter {sup 182}Ta (t{sub 1/2}=114.43 d) was in secular equilibrium with ...

In comparison to laboratory gamma-ray spectroscopy, in situ gamma-ray spectrometry characterizes a much larger volume of material, requires much less time to determine accurate radionuclide concentrations, and minimizes worker dose and the risk of radioactive contamination. However, the main limitation of in situ gamma-ray spectrometry ...

The 116Sn nucleus was studied with the (?,4n) reaction on 116Cd. Investigation of the interband and intraband transitions from the excited states of the 116Sn nucleus was carried out by measuring gamma-ray singles, gamma-gamma coincidence, and gamma-ray angular distribution. The excitation functions of several transitions have also ...

The aseptic state is absolutely necessary for a successful result of surgical operation. A single object badly cleaned and contaminated by microbes in the operating room may be the cause of the operation failure. The use of aseptic medical requisites is c...

Methods, procedures and programs for absolute gamma and X-ray spectrometric determination of U and Pu isotopic ratios have been developed. The low energy (84-99) keV range of the U gamma and X-ray spectrum is used for U analyses. Two possibilities are pro...

Promising new techniques for making quantitative measurements of plutonium require highly precise values of the gamma-ray energies and intensities for the isotopes involved. Using high isotopic purity sources and state of the art Ge(Li) detectors, we have reevaluated the energies and absolute emission probabilities of the gamma ...

A non-destructive method for determination of neutron exposure and constituent concentrations in an object, such as reactor pressure vessel, is based on the observation of characteristic gamma-rays emitted by activation products in the object by using a unique continuous gamma-ray spectrometer. The spectrometer views the object through appropriate ...

To define the gamma-ray component of the radiation field in light water reactor (LWR) pressure vessel (PV) environments, gamma-ray spectrometry experiments were conducted in the low power PV mockup at the poolside critical assembly (PCA) at ORNL. Gamma-ray displacement rates can be calculated directly from absolute ...

Gamma-ray emission probabilities from the ?? decay of 233Pa were measured with planar (LEPS) and coaxial Ge detectors. A 233Pa source was produced after radiochemical separation from a 237Np sample in which the parent (237Np) and daughter (233Pa) nuclides were in secular equilibrium. Absolute ?-ray emission probabilities per 100 ? ...

The recently completed OMEGA 64 upgrade at the Lab for Laser Energetics (LLE) at the University of Rochester required a recalibration of the DD neutron absolute yield detector. Measurement of DD neutron absolute yield is crucial to determining fuel densities. The method used to measure absolute DD yield is the ...

This paper is intended as a general introduction to the session on transient cosmic x- and gamma-ray sources--gamma bursts. Temporal properties will be discussed first, including duration, fluctuation, and frequencies. Energy fluxes and spectral properties are then described together. Finally, the directional data are used to provide estimates ...

The absolute full-energy peak efficiency ((epsilon)(sub p)) is an essential parameter to the determination of gamma-ray intensities. (epsilon)(sub p) may be determined by means of radioactive standard point sources with single or multiple gamma energies. ...

A detector for determining the itensity and duration of kiloampere pulsed proton beams is described. Proton intensities are inferred from measurements of prompt gamma rays of 6 to 7 MeV from the exp 19 F(p,a gamma ) exp 16 O reaction. The thick-target yie...

$gamma$ rays following neutron capture in seven major s-wave resonances in $sup 168$Er up to 1 keV have been measured. The results serve to confirm and extend the knowledge of levels in $sup 169$Er obtained from previous (d,p), (d,t), and thermal (n,$gamma$) experiments. Absolute width determinations are ...

The gamma -ray branching ratios of the lowest T = exp 3 / sub 2 levels in exp 13 C and exp 13 N, and the absolute strength of the gamma sub 0 transition in exp 13 N have been measured. The mirror electromagnetic selection rule is obeyed by the M1 ( gamma ...

This method covers the measurement by means of gamma spectrometry of gamma radioactivity of water. It is applicable to nuclides emitting gamma rays with energies greater than 0.1 MeV. The method can be used for either absolute or relative determinations. ...

A literature search has been carried out with the goal to list experimental determinations of absolute branching ratios of gamma-rays emitted from fission products. The branching ratios are required in all cases when the number of atoms of a given nuclide...

The various source mechanisms for celestial gamma rays are reviewed. The gamma-ray data are examined