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FlickrWorkers who install systems have a critical role in reducing both the upfront and the lifecycle costs of PV systems. Labor costs represent a significant portion of total system costs. And although the effect is not observed in upfront $/watt costs, subpar installation practices increase cost by limiting system performance, effectively increasing the system levelized [...]
Costs associated with the permitting, inspection, and interconnection processes can be reduced through streamlining and standardizing requirements and application formats across authorities having jurisdiction (AHJ) and utilities, as well as training code officials and system-installer employees. Opportunity cost is also important to nonhardware costs as fixes and reworks will be mitigated as a direct result [...]
Many parties take on some measures of risk in the investment and commitment of funds to PV projects. Project risk, resource risk, technology risk, policy risk, performance risk, and market risk are just some of factors that are considered. Insurance is a form of risk mitigation that may be used to hedge against loss risks. [...]
Utilities need to understand how solar generating technologies will behave on their systems (transmission and distribution) as well as how a higher penetration of solar will impact their business operations. Additionally, the availability of and access to transmission and better development and use of market solutions affects the ability of the solar industry to continue [...]
Utility-sector policies can enable or hinder solar markets. Clear policy and regulation translation and implementation protect market stakeholders and reduces the “back and forth” during project development and at other times. Sandia is active in disseminating technical information to inform those who make policy and design regulations. One approach is through training. Educational seminars raise [...]
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