Frequently Asked Questions
1.
What are RIMS II multipliers?
2.
What are Type I and Type II multipliers?
3.
What is the
difference between the annual and benchmark series?
4.
Do I need to
specify the region and the industry?
5.
Will I receive
multipliers for each county in my region?
6.
How long will it
take to receive my multipliers?
7.
How long will I
have access to my multipliers?
8.
Will my payment
information be saved?
9.
How do I view the
counties in my region?
10.
How do I view and
download my multipliers?
11.
What are locking
stubs?
12.
How can I convert
purchaser prices to producer prices?
13.
How do I display
the National Distribution Costs tables?
14.
How do I change my
e-mail address or password?
15.
Where can I find
the security and privacy policy?
16.
How can I contact
the RIMS staff?
1.
What are RIMS
II multipliers?
RIMS II multipliers quantify the
cumulative effects on total industry output, earnings, employment, and value
added that result from a change in final demand. The multipliers are derived from two sources: A national input-output table—an accounting
framework that shows the distribution of the inputs purchased and outputs sold—and
regional data, which are used to adjust
the national input-output table to reflect the a region’s industrial structure
and trading patterns.
Each
set of multipliers includes six types of multipliers—four final-demand
multipliers and two direct-effect multipliers. The final-demand multipliers are all “per-output” multipliers. To use these multipliers, you will need an
estimate of the value of the output purchased by the final user (also known as
the final-demand change.) The
final-demand multipliers times the final-demand change valued in “producer
prices” will provide you with an estimate of total gross output, total earnings,
total jobs, and total value added, depending on the final-demand multiplier
that you use.
The
direct-effect earnings multiplier is an “earnings-per-earnings” multiplier, and
the direct-effect employment multiplier is a “jobs-per-jobs” multiplier. To use the direct-effect earnings multiplier,
you will need an estimate of the initial change in earnings. Similarly, to use the direct-effect employment
multiplier, you will need an estimate of the initial change in jobs. The initial changes in
earnings and employment should factor in only those full-time and part-time employees residing in the
region who work in the industry producing the final-demand output. This is an important consideration when
defining the study region.
Jobs impacts estimated using
the final-demand and direct-effect employment multipliers include both
part-time and full-time employees. The RIMS II multipliers do not provide
estimates of jobs in terms of full-time equivalences.
To
see the layout of the multiplier tables, click on the Sample Tables link on the
left menu.
Description of RIMS II Multipliers
Multiplier
|
Definition
|
Final-demand output
|
Total industry output per $1 change in final
demand
|
Final-demand earnings
|
Total household earnings per $1 change in
final demand
|
Final-demand employment
|
Total number of jobs per $1 million change in
final demand
|
Final-demand value added
|
Total value added per $1 change in final
demand
|
Direct-effect earnings
|
Total household earnings per $1 initial change
in household earnings
|
Direct-effect employment
|
Total number of jobs per initial change in jobs
|
RIMS II Multiplier
Tables for Regions
Table number
|
Type of multiplier
|
Dimensions
|
Benchmark
Series
|
1.1
|
Final-demand output multipliers
|
20 rows and 406 columns
|
1.2
|
Final-demand earnings multipliers
|
21 rows and 406 columns
|
1.3
|
Final-demand employment multipliers
|
21 rows and 406 columns
|
1.4
|
Final-demand value-added multipliers
|
21 rows and 406 columns
|
1.5
|
Total
final-demand output, earnings, employment, and value-added multipliers and
total direct-effect earnings and employment multipliers
|
406 rows and 6 columns1
|
Benchmark
and Annual Series
|
2.1
|
Final-demand output multipliers
|
20 rows and 62 columns
|
2.2
|
Final-demand earnings multipliers
|
21 rows and 62 columns
|
2.3
|
Final-demand employment multipliers
|
21 rows and 62 columns
|
2.4
|
Final-demand value-added multipliers
|
21 rows and 62 columns
|
2.5
|
Total final-demand output, earnings, employment, and
value-added multipliers and total direct-effect earnings and employment
multipliers
|
62 rows and 6 columns2
|
1. Each row contains
multipliers for an industry in the detailed industry series.
2. Each row contains
multipliers for an industry in the aggregated industry series.
State-level
RIMS II Multipliers for Industries
Table
number
|
Type of
multiplier
|
Dimensions
|
Benchmark and Annual Series
|
3.1
|
Final-demand output
multipliers
|
20 rows and 51 columns
|
3.2
|
Final-demand earnings
multipliers
|
21 rows and 51 columns
|
3.3
|
Final-demand employment
multipliers
|
21 rows and 51 columns
|
3.4
|
Final-demand value-added
multipliers
|
21 rows and 51 columns
|
3.5
|
Total final-demand output, earnings, employment, and
value-added multipliers and total direct-effect earnings and employment
multipliers
|
51 rows and 6 columns3
|
3. Each row contains
multipliers for a state or the District
of Columbia.
2.
What are Type I and Type II multipliers?
As of May 2011, tables are provided for both Type I and
Type II multipliers for each region or industry that you order. The Type I multipliers account for the direct
and indirect impacts based on the supply of goods and services in the region. The Type II multipliers account
for these same direct and indirect impacts, and for induced impacts, which are associated with the purchases made
by employees. Regardless of the multiplier that you use, the impact will always include the initial change.
If you are using Type II multipliers, it is important
that your final-demand change excludes any output that is purchased by household consumers residing in
the region.
3.
What is the difference between the annual and benchmark
series?
The
difference between the two series is the national input-output data that was
used to calculate the multipliers. The
annual series is more current but contains less industry detail than the
benchmark series.
If
you purchase the annual series, you will only receive multipliers for 62
aggregate industries. If you purchase
the benchmark series, you will receive multipliers for both 406 detailed and 62
aggregate industries.
4.
Do I need to specify the region and the industry?
You
only have to specify the region—not the industry—when you order multipliers for
a region. You will receive Type I and
Type II multipliers for all the industries.
You
only have to specify the industry when you order multipliers for an industry at
the state level. When you use this
option you will receive multipliers for all states and the District of Columbia.
5.
Will I receive multipliers for each county in my
region?
You
will receive multipliers for the region as a whole. If you would like to receive multipliers for
each county in your multi-county region, you can order them separately.
6.
How long will it take to receive my multipliers?
You
will receive your multipliers within 1 to 3 business days if you pay with a
credit card or within 5 to 10 business days if you pay with an E-check. You will receive e-mail notifications when
your payment has been approved and when your order is ready for download and
viewing.
7.
How long will I have access to my multipliers?
You
will be able to access your multipliers from the Online Order and Delivery
System for up to 3 years. You can also
download your multipliers to your own machine for permanent storage. You will receive e-mail notices before your multipliers are
removed from the system so that you can download them before their removal.
8.
Will my payment information be saved?
We
do not store your payment information. Your
payment information will only be used during the payment transaction. You will have to reenter this information
each time that you order multipliers.
9.
How do I view the counties in my region?
You
can view the counties in your region by placing your mouse pointer over the
region name that appears on the Shopping Cart and the Order Details pages. You will need to have pop-ups enabled on your
browser.
10.
How do I view and download my multipliers?
Click
on the View Multipliers link on the left menu and then click the order number
to display the Order Details page.
You
can view your multiplier tables online by using the Multiplier Viewer. On the Order Details page, click the
magnifying glass icon in the View Multipliers column. Then use the drop-down list next to the Table
heading at the top of the Multiplier Viewer page to display a multiplier table. From here, you can click the CSV Download
button in the blue Tools Options box to export your table in CSV
(comma-separated value) format. You can
open these tables in Microsoft Excel. Tables
1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4 will be transposed when they are exported.
You can
view PDF versions of your summary tables (Tables 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5) by clicking
on the PDF icons on the Order Details page.
You
can click the disk icon in the Download Multipliers column on the Order Details
page to download a ZIP
file containing CSV files and PDFs for all your
multiplier tables. Follow the
instructions on the page that appears. Use the
Download Multiplier Data Files button to begin the download.
11. What are
locking stubs?
Locking
stubs is a Java application that locks the column and row headers of the table
you are viewing. Java must be enabled to
use locking stubs.
12. How can I
convert purchaser prices to producer prices?
Your
final-demand changes must be valued in producer prices instead of purchaser
prices. Producer prices exclude
wholesale and retail margins and transportation costs.
In
the absence of regional distribution costs, national distribution costs are an
alternative data source for converting purchaser prices to producer
prices. If your final-demand change is
valued in purchaser prices, you will need to separate the final-demand change
into components for production costs, transportation costs, and wholesale and
retail trade margins before applying the multipliers. RIMS
II provides four tables (Table C, Table D, Table E, and Table F) containing
national distribution costs for intermediate and final-demand purchases. The examples below use data from the 2002 benchmark
national distribution costs tables.
Table C.―The
Input-Output Commodity Composition of NIPA Final Demand
Table
C contains the commodity composition of National Income and Product Accounts
(NIPA) final demand from the national input-output accounts. This table can be used to calculate transportation
costs and trade margins associated with all types of final-demand changes
(Personal Consumption Expenditures, Private Fixed Investment, Changes in
Private Fixed Investment, Exports, Imports, and Government Consumption and
Gross Investment).
Example:
By using shares derived from the data in Table C, $1 million of
automobile exports (336111, Automobile manufacturing) can be expressed
as: an $864,429 final-demand change (86.4% of $1 million) for automobile
manufacturing output; a $27,403 final-demand change (2.7% of $1 million) for
transportation services; and a $108,347 final-demand change (10.8% of $1 million)
for wholesale services (wholesale margin). The resulting
final-demand changes for automobiles, transportation services, and wholesale
services can be applied to the multipliers for these
industries if these goods and services are provided by firms in the study
region.
To
display the information used in this example, use the icon on the Sample Tables
page to go to the Distribution Costs Viewer for a Benchmark Series order. Select Table C from the Distribution Costs Table drop-down
menu in Step 1. Then select “Detailed Commodities”
in Step 2, and “Final-Use Category” in Step 3. Highlight
“Export of goods and services” as the final-use category and click
“Display Table.” The information used in
this example will be found under commodity code 336111 and title “Automobile
manufacturing.”
Table D.―The Input-Output Commodity
Composition of NIPA Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE)
Table
D contains the commodity composition of NIPA Personal Consumption Expenditures
(PCE) from the national input-output accounts. This table
can be used to calculate transportation costs and trade margins associated with
a PCE final-demand change.
Example:
By using shares derived from the data in Table D, a $1 million purchase of new
automobiles (336111, Automobile manufacturing) by households that is in
purchasers’ values can be expressed as: a $687,874 final-demand change (68.8% of
$1 million) for automobile manufacturing output; a $21,742 final-demand change
(2.2% of $1 million) for transportation services; an $86,299 final-demand
change (8.6% of $1 million) for wholesale services (wholesale margin); and a
$204,084 final-demand change (20.4% of $1 million) for retail services (retail
margin). The resulting final-demand changes for automobiles, transportation
services, wholesale services, and retail services can be applied to the
multipliers for these industries if these goods and services are provided by
firms in the study region.
To
display the information used in this example, use the icon on the Sample Tables
page to go to the Distribution Costs Viewer for a Benchmark Series order. Select Table D from the Distribution Costs Table drop-down
menu. Then select “Detailed Commodities”
in Step 2, and “Final-Use Category” in Step 3. Highlight “New domestic autos” as the Final-Use category and click
“Display Table.” The information used in this example
will be found under commodity code 336111 and title “Automobile manufacturing.”
Table E.―The Input-Output Commodity
Composition of NIPA Private Fixed Investment in Equipment and Software (PES)
Table
E contains the commodity composition of NIPA Private Fixed Investment in
Equipment and Software (PES) from the national input-output accounts. This table can be used to calculate
transportation costs and trade margins associated with a PES final-demand
change.
Example:
By using shares derived from the data in Table E, a $1 million purchase of new
automobiles (336111, Automobile manufacturing) as a fixed investment that is in
purchasers’ values can be expressed as: an $817,204 final-demand change (81.7% of
$1 million) for automobile manufacturing output; a $25,843 final-demand change
(2.6% of $1 million) for transportation services; a $102,516 final-demand
change (10.3% of $1 million) for wholesale services (wholesale margin); and a
$54,438 final-demand change (5.4% of $1 million) for retail services (retail
margin). The resulting final-demand changes for automobiles, transportation
services, wholesale services, and retail services can be applied to the
multipliers for these industries if these goods and services are provided by
firms in the study region.
To
display the information used in this example, use the icon on the Sample Tables
page to go to the Distribution Costs Viewer for a Benchmark Series order. Select Table E from the Distribution Costs Table drop-down
menu. Then select “Detailed Commodities”
in Step 2, and “Final-Use Category” in Step 3. Highlight “Autos” as the Final-Use category and click “Display Table.” The information used in this example will be
found under commodity code 336111 and title “Automobile manufacturing.”
Table F.―The Input-Output Commodity
Composition of Intermediate Purchases
Table
F contains the commodity composition of intermediate purchases from the
national input-output accounts. This
information can be used in a bill-of-goods approach when estimating the impacts
of an industry’s purchases on a region. For
the automobile industry (336111, Automobile manufacturing), Table F will show
purchases of intermediate inputs required to produce an automobile.
Example:
By using shares derived from the data in Table F, a $1 million purchase of
automobile parts (336300, Motor vehicle parts manufacturing) by the automobile
manufacturing industry (336111, Automobile manufacturing) that is in
purchasers’ values can be expressed as: a $922,391 final-demand change (92.2% of
$1 million) for motor vehicle parts manufacturing output; a $14,774
final-demand change (1.5% of $1 million) for transportation services; and a
$62,835 final-demand change (6.3% of $1 million) for wholesale services
(wholesale margin). The resulting final-demand changes for automobile parts,
transportation services, and wholesale services can be applied to the
multipliers for these industries if these goods and services are provided by
fims in the study region.
To
display the information used in this example, use the icon on the Sample Tables
page to go to the Distribution Costs Viewer for a Benchmark Series order. Select Table F from the Distribution Costs Table drop-down
menu. Then select “Detailed industries and
commodities” in Step 2, and “Industry” in Step 3. Highlight “336111 Automobile manufacturing”
as the industry and click “Display Table.” The information used in this example will be found under commodity code
336300 and title “Motor vehicle parts manufacturing.”
13. How do I
display the National Distribution Costs tables?
Click
the magnifying glass in the Distribution Column on your Order Details page. This will open the Distribution Cost
Viewer. Follow the directions in each
step to choose the table you would like to view. After all of the steps have been completed,
you can display the table by clicking the Display Table button at the bottom of
the page.
You can
view the Distribution Costs tables in either HTML or locking stubs. Clicking the CSV Download button will allow
you to export the tables.
14. How do I
change my e-mail address or password?
Click
the Update My Account link on the left menu.
Click the Edit e-mail and password link and then enter a new e-mail
address or password. Your password is
case sensitive, must be between 6 and 15 characters, and must contain at least
one number and one letter, with no special characters.
15. Where can I
find the security and privacy policy?
The BEA Web Privacy Policy Statement
is in the footer of all the RIMS II
Online Order and Delivery System pages.
A
link to the RIMS II Online Order and Delivery System Privacy and
Security Policy Statement is on the Shopping Cart page.
16. How can I
contact the RIMS staff?
If
you have any questions or would like more information, please contact the RIMS
staff by phone at 202-606-5343 or by e-mail at RIMS@bea.gov.