DNA Identification in Mass Fatality Incidents
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> Exhibit 21: DNA Profiles by Sample Type From the World Trade Center Response
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Message From the Director
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
Is the Laboratory Prepared to Handle a Mass Fatality?
CHAPTER 2
How DNA Is Used to Make Identifications
CHAPTER 3
Before the Incident
CHAPTER 4
Major Decisions
How important is DNA to the identification effort?
Will every person or every fragment be identified?
What is the minimum fragment size that will be identified?
How difficult will it be to identify everyone?
How long will the recovery effort last?
Assuming funding, can the laboratory do the work?
What is the funding source?
CHAPTER 5
Managing Expectations
CHAPTER 6
Project Management
Project Functions
Project Structure: Centralized vs. Decentralized
Special Requests
Project Manager
External Relationships
Human Resources
CHAPTER 7
Media Relations
CHAPTER 8
Family Coordination and Liaison
The Family-Laboratory Relationship
Collecting Reference Samples
Family-Laboratory Communications
CHAPTER 9
Information Technology
Sample Accessioning/LIMS Requirements
Quality Control Software
Matching and Statistics Software
Sharing Information
Infrastructure
Strategic Planning
CHAPTER 10
Sample Tracking and Management
CHAPTER 11
Sample Analysis
Sample Collection
Sample Storage
Short Tandem Repeat (STR) DNA Amplification and Analysis
Alternative Testing Methods
CHAPTER 12
Statistical and Other Issues
Statistical Threshold
Open vs. Closed Incidents
Non-DNA Data (“Metadata”)
Fragmented Remains
Kinship Analysis
Administrative and Technical Reviews
CHAPTER 13
Procurement and Vendor Management
Ordering Supplies and Equipment
Outsourcing Sample Testing
Consultants
Vendor Management
CHAPTER 14
Quality Control
Intentional Redundancy
Multiple Test and Software Systems
SAMPLE FORMS
APPENDIXES
Appendix A: Recommendations of the KADAP to the OCME of New York City
Appendix B: Sample Personal Items Submission Form
Appendix C: Sample Family and/or Donor Reference Collection Form
Appendix D: Sample Family Tree Form
Appendix E: Guidelines for Reference Collection Kit Components and Oral Swab Collection Instructions
Appendix F: Issues to Consider When Outsourcing Reference Samples
Appendix G: Identifying Victims Using DNA: A Guide for Families
Appendix H: Sample Analysis: An Overview
Appendix I: Additional References on Statistical Issues in DNA Identification
EXHIBITS
Exhibit 1: Potential Sources of DNA Reference Samples
Exhibit 2: Federal Agency Roles in Responding to a Mass Fatality Incident
Exhibit 3: Key Variables in Assessing Laboratory Workload
Exhibit 4: Estimated DNA Analysis Worksheet
Exhibit 5: Laboratory Director’s Constituents
Exhibit 6: Information Provided to the Public
Exhibit 7: Major Project Functions
Exhibit 8: Modified Daisy-Chain Workflow in a Decentralized Laboratory Structure
Exhibit 9: Hub-and-Spoke Workflow in a Decentralized Laboratory Structure
Exhibit 10: Project Manager Duties
Exhibit 11: Organizations Involved in a Mass Fatality DNA Identification Response
Exhibit 12: Staffing Requirements Over Time
Exhibit 13: Relationship Between Laboratory and Victims' Families
Exhibit 14: Information Technology in a DNA Laboratory
Exhibit 15: Reconciling Case Numbers With Victims
Exhibit 16: Additional Capabilities Requiring Laboratory Information Management System Support
Exhibit 17: Searching Mass Fatality Data
Exhibit 18: Integrating Processes in Multiple DNA Laboratories
Exhibit 19: How the Event Is Treated
Exhibit 20: Types of Samples from the World Trade Center Response
Exhibit 21: DNA Profiles by Sample Type From the World Trade Center Response