Biden in Afghanistan / Voting in South Sudan / Business Conference in Algiers

Vice President Biden travels to Afghanistan. President Obama praises the timely start of the referendum on self-determination for southern Sudan. The United States and China are working to improve military-to-military relations. A top U.S. official assesses progress in Haiti, one year after the devastating earthquake. President Obama and French President Nicolas Sarkozy meet ahead of economic summits. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton says sanctions on Iran are working. In Algiers, entrepreneurs gather and share ideas.

Biden in Afghanistan
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Vice President Biden is in Afghanistan to assess current operations and Afghan army and police training programs and to hold talks with President Hamid Karzai on political and economic progress. Biden, center, met with U.S. Ambassador Karl Eikenberry, right, and U.S. Army General David Petraeus, left, for an “update from them on the situation on the ground” before his planned meetings with senior Afghan officials, the administration says.

Obama Urges Free Vote in Sudan
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President Obama praised the timely start of the referendum on self-determination for southern Sudan and urged all sides to refrain from intimidation, coercion or violence and to allow voters to freely and peaceably express their will. “The world will be watching in the coming days,” says Obama. At right, South Sudanese men wait to cast their votes at a polling station in Juba.

U.S., China Defense Talks
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The United States and China are working to improve military relations to manage common security problems and promote communication and understanding, Defense Secretary Robert Gates says in Beijing.

Assessing Progress in Haiti
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In the year since a powerful earthquake struck Haiti, an unprecedented international effort has mobilized to bring relief to the country while confronting obstacles both pre-existing the quake and directly caused by it. Deputy Coordinator Kara McDonald outlines the U.S. government’s approach to reconstruction and assesses the progress of the last 12 months.

Obama, Sarkozy Discuss Summits
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President Obama and French President Nicolas Sarkozy agree to work closely in preparing for upcoming major economic summits that will address the continuing recovery from the recent recession.

Clinton: Iran Sanctions Working
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Secretary Clinton says economic sanctions are slowing down Iran’s ability to acquire nuclear weapons. “The most recent analysis is that sanctions have been working,” she tells university students in Abu Dhabi.

Amel ChouikhBusiness Conference in Algiers
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Dozens of American and North African entrepreneurs attended the U.S.-Maghreb Entrepreneurship Conference in Algiers in December. Amel Chouikh, right, one of the attendees, says that the conference caused her to see opportunities for cross-border partnerships and for expanding her business outside Algeria and into other Maghreb countries.

Democracy at the Oscars

France recently handed out its Césars, the United Kingdom had its BAFTAs, and now the United States gets the chance to hand out its Oscars at this year’s Academy Awards. The festivities take place in Los Angeles, but the ceremony is truly an international event. Actors, actresses and other film industry personalities from around the world are always among the nominated, and countries up for best foreign film include Argentina (The Secret in Their Eyes/El Secreto de Sus Ojos), France (A Prophet/Un Prophète), Germany (The White Ribbon/Das Weisse Band), Israel (Ajami), and Peru (The Milk of Sorrow/La Teta Asustada).

How does this all relate to democracy? Well…the Academy does provide viewers with a printable ballot (PDF, 247KB) of the various people and films nominated to win a coveted Oscar. They also have a printable list, which could serve the same purpose. If you plan on watching the ceremony this weekend, make it an exercise in democratic behavior by downloading ballots for you and your viewing partners. Vote for your favorites and see how they do. Ok, so you and I don’t actually get to select the winners, but we can still have fun watching, cheering, and — yes — voting from home.

So Many Elections

Carlyn Reichel is the newest member of the By The People blogging team. Carlyn joins America.gov having recently completed a master’s degree in public policy. While writing has long been one of Carlyn’s hobbies, it wasn’t until graduate school that she presumed she had something to say worth sharing – even when she didn’t. She previously worked in public relations and continues to be a political junkie, a history and literature nerd, and a concerned global citizen.

In the United States, there are more than 600,000 elected offices in the United States. Additionally, there are numerous ballot measures and special elections that come up on a regular basis. For some it feels like that on any given Tuesday, someone somewhere in America is probably voting on something. Last week in fact, there was a special election for a federal office, a few states held off-year gubernatorial elections, and several cities including New York City and Atlanta held municipal elections. Atlanta’s ended without a clear winner in the mayoral race, so a run-off will be held in a few weeks. More elections.

But Americans have carried this craze for democracy and elections even further, and it is now a huge part of our entertainment life. Reality television often lets those watching at home vote, online or via phone, for their favorites to continue on the program. From American Idol to Dancing with the Stars, many of these shows rely on democratic fan participation. I am personally a fan of So You Think You Can Dance, and I exercise my right to vote regularly. That show also gets us to vote on Tuesday. At least we’re consistent.

The thing I find interesting though is that these shows sometimes get more voters than off-year Congressional elections in the U.S. It makes me wonder how much is the subject matter and how much is the ease of voting by text message or simply placing a phone call. Would more people vote in political elections if they could do so from the palm of their hand? What about outside the United States – could SMS voting make it easier for people in new democracies to voice their support in elections?

Of course, there are many problems with this – verifying voter eligibility and fraud to name only two – but we are continually looking for ways to make voting easier and more accessible using modern technology. As Stephen Kaufman recently mentioned, “Scantegrity” technology lets voters check online after they have cast their vote to make sure it was recorded accurately. It’s still a paper ballot, but it could help ensure every vote is counted correctly. What do you think about using new technologies to make voting easier?

If The Illusion is Real, Let Them Give You a Ride

(I’m listening to “Let the Good Times Roll” by The Cars)

Voting usually involves a sizable time commitment to stand in long lines and get your eligibility checked before finally proceeding to the voting booth. But after it’s over, do you ever get a lingering suspicion that your effort may have been in vain and your vote will not actually be counted?

The recent November 3 election in my town, Takoma Park, Maryland, saw the first-ever use of a voting system that would allow you to verify that, in fact, your vote was counted and your time was not wasted. It also lets you play the role of being your own elections monitor to ensure that your vote went to the candidate of your choice.

The system involves the use of paper ballots and specially designed ink that prints a unique three-letter code once you have marked your choice. The voter writes down the serial number of their ballot and the codes. After the polls close in the evening, they can go online and type the serial number of their ballot and see an image of it. Then they can check that the three-letter codes that were revealed when they made their choice are in fact the same ones on the ballot they see on the computer screen.

Of course, on the technical and transparency side, there is more to it, and I encourage you to check out this article.

Also, in full disclosure, I did not do my civic duty and go to the polls, where our mayor was up for re-election and there were a few contested and uncontested city council representations at stake. Otherwise I would now be able to report on my own test of the new system. Next year I promise to do better.

Can You Just Send Me Pamphlets Instead?

Democratic gubernatorial candidate Terry McAuliffe works a phone bank inside his Richmond, Virginia, campaign headquarters June 2.I can always tell when an election in Virginia is coming up because my husband and I start receiving several political phone calls a day. Some callers simply ask us to vote for specific candidates. Others ask for money. Some try to hold conversations with us.

I understand the candidates’ desire to get name recognition and educate potential voters about their positions on issues. I appreciate their desire to “connect” with the electorate. I do wish, however, that my husband and I would not receive multiple calls from each campaign every week. Since the campaign calls are so frequent, they rarely teach me anything new because not enough time passes between the calls. If I’ve contributed money to a campaign, I also resent being asked for more so soon afterward and wonder about the campaign’s record-keeping.

Sometimes the candidates try to appeal to my ethnicity, asking me to vote for fellow Asian Americans. I find this tactic somewhat offensive. I don’t vote for people based on their race; I judge people by their public stance on issues and their record of effectiveness. I also dislike calls that try to scare me away from voting for political opponents.

Ironically, the frequent political calls are having the opposite of their intended effect; the more I hear from a campaign, the less I want to vote for its candidate because I feel as though I’m being harassed. But I would much rather keep receiving these calls than not have a choice at the polls, or not be able to vote at all.

Oh Say Can Yu Vote?

As Michelle and Michael have written, sometimes Americans wonder whether or not to vote. But for some Americans, the issue is being able to vote in the first place.

In a video of an April 7 state legislative hearing, Texas lawmaker Betty Brown and Organization of Chinese Americans representative Ramey Ko discuss proposed voter identification requirements in Texas. Ko notes that some people of Asian descent have had trouble voting in a number of states because some of their identification papers use legal names transliterated from Asian languages while others include nicknames adopted for everyday use. Others have had problems because of variations in how their names are spelled on documents. Both Brown and Ko agree voters should present proof of identity to participate in elections.

A voter hands over his identification as he registers to vote.During the discussion, Brown asks Ko if “it would behoove you and your citizens to adopt a name that we could deal with more readily here.” She immediately adds that she is “not talking about changing your name,” but then later asks “if there were some means by which you could adopt a name just for identification purposes that was easier for Americans to deal with?”

Brown’s comments have generated a lot of attention in the Asian-American community, including the blog Asian-Nation, the Asian American Action Fund, the Asian American Journalists Association and the Organization of Chinese Americans. I personally find Brown’s comments troubling. The United States is a land of immigrants, and the diversity of our names is a part of our cultural heritage. People of any background – Asian, Middle Eastern, African, Latin American or European – should not be asked to adopt different names for identification purposes because others find their true names hard to spell or pronounce.

At the same time, we must acknowledge that many immigrants and naturalized citizens do adopt nicknames for daily use that often are included on common forms of identification such as student IDs, work IDs and driver’s licenses. Should people be allowed to use these documents to register to vote and, when necessary, prove their identity at the polls? Or should they be required to show additional documents that list their legal names, such as naturalization certificates or passports? When there are variations in spelling, how much discretion should voter registration and poll workers have in verifying identification? How can these workers certify people as eligible to vote without unduly burdening anyone?

Voting Starts Today for the Democracy Video Challenge

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The Democracy Video Challenge asked people around the world to create short videos completing the phrase, “Democracy is…” Over 900 contestants from 95 countries answered the call! Now it’s your turn to choose the winners.

Voting begins today and ends on June 15th.  You can watch the videos and vote for your favorite on YouTube. 

Also, be sure to check out today’s post on CitizenTube to read what YouTube’s bloggers think about the Democracy Video Challenge.

When all of your votes have been counted, six video producers – one from each region of the world – will win an all-expense-paid trip in September to New York, Washington and Hollywood.  Their future is in your hands!

Mull This Over Before I Cram it Down My Throat

I’m listening to “Caring Is Creepy” by The Shins

I’m standing in a grocery store aisle with a can of chopped tomatoes in each hand, eyes darting back and forth as I equivocate and compare.

In my right hand, I’ve got the larger corporate brand that’s on sale.  Today’s economic concerns have everyone thinking about ways to save money.  And besides, I’ve had this brand before, and I know it will taste just fine for the curry dish I’m making.

In my left, I have the certified organic brand, which is not on sale.  I haven’t noticed that it tastes all that much better than its agribusiness competitor, and even if it did, it’s still going to be infused with a heavy dose of spices.  But organic farmers do not use pesticides, which, besides getting transferred to the food, are also detrimental to the environment.

Although I am standing in the middle of a grocery store, I am really in a ballot box preparing to vote, thanks to the rules of supply and demand.  Which agricultural practice deserves my financial support, and, by default, which one do I effectively boycott?  Are my economic pressures so difficult that it is no longer practical to base my vote solely on my values?

The store essentially acts as the election commission when it tallies up the number of items sold at the end of every day, or month, tracking which is the more popular item and deciding which should be reduced or maybe discontinued altogether.

I did ultimately decide on the organic tomatoes.  But summer is coming and I intend to grow my own.  That will be another story.

Ok Not to Vote?

Michelle, you ask “What if my one vote made the difference in an election, resulting in this person winning?” In my (long ago) youth I consumed by the pound classic science fiction, including an old Isaac Asimov story called, I think, “The Voter.” The premise is that a super “Multivac” computer determines all election results but needs input from one and only one human being. That person is designated simply The Voter. Great speculation ensues every four years: will The Voter be old or young? From North or South? Average or extraordinary? Elections are known not for the candidates but instead the identity of the voter, viz. “The Michelle Austein Brooks” election.

Not so bad for Michelle if the winners govern wisely; problematic if not, as folks tend to blame not the President but, well, Michelle. Quite the burden for one humble voter: lionized if things go well but just as easily blamed for war, economic disaster, the Yankees buying another pennant and other assorted disasters. And it’s not as if Multivac asked “McCain or Obama?” The “ballot” more likely read: “So, Michelle, what color shoes do you like?”

On your other point: I’ll confess to the occasional case of ballot exhaustion. This past cycle, the head of our county government won a congressional race, opening his former position and necessitating a special election. Our local county delegate declared for that race. I respect her greatly, so on the appointed day I raced home from work and duly voted for her. She won, necessitating yet another special election for her old job. And I sat that one out. Not proudly, but so many new faces, not enough time to learn about them, so very much campaign literature stuffed under our doormat….

My mom once voted in a local election for a candidate named Friedman. She knew nothing about him, nor about his opponents. A Friedman, she figured, had to be good. He turned out to be a cult member and a total lunatic. Thankfully Mom was outvoted. But I’ve ever since steered clear of local contests when I don’t know enough about the candidates or the issues. Again, not with pride, but in recognition of my own all-too-real limitations.

To Sign or Not To Sign

Petition signing in the U.S.Leaving the supermarket one day, my wife was stopped by a political activist. Would she sign a petition to reduce the number of signatures a candidate must collect to secure a spot on the presidential ballot? (It’s 10,000 in Virginia, total population 7.1 million.)

Like most Americans, we believe strongly in each individual’s right to petition, and to seek their fellow citizens’ support. (We also favor common-sense when approaching folks with toddlers and grocery bags in their arms!) This right has of course inspired a number of the, well, shiny-eyed types: often found at mass-transportation hubs, they carry on the good fight against dark conspiracies of gold hoarders, space aliens — often connected to major Hollywood stars! — and the Queen of England. I don’t hold these folks out as the best advertisement for the U.S. educational system, but also I am a little proud of them, and of us, for holding to our democratic principles, even when one just wants to buy a bus ticket and move on.

In this case, my wife decided not to sign the ballot requirement petition, but it raises an interesting issue nonetheless. With its ballot access laws and “first-past-the-post” elections (the candidate with the most votes wins, even if his or her total is less than fifty percent), the U.S. political system favors two large, broadly-based parties, and makes it difficult for single-issue or more extreme candidates or organizations to gain much traction.

One result is that our politics is fairly centrist. Major party candidates who run too far to the political right of the majority (Barry Goldwater in 1964) or the left (George McGovern in 1972) typically get trounced. But another result is that less popular (more innovative?) ideas are marginalized, or watered-down.

Other democracies have very different approaches. What do you think? Would a Congress divided among a dozen different parties prove unwieldy? How much support should a Ralph Nader (probably behind the Virginia ballot petition) be required to show for a place on the Presidential ballot? How does your nation address these issues?