Kansas Water Science Center
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Regional Water-Quality Analysis of 2,4-D and Dicamba in River Water Using Gas Chromatography-Isotope Dilution Mass SpectrometryBy E. M. Thurman, L.R. Zimmerman, D.S. Aga, and R.J. GilliomAbstractGas chromatography with isotope dilution mass spectrometry (GS-MS) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used in regional National Water Quality Assessment studies of the herbicides, 2,4-D and dicamba, in river water across the United States. The GS-MS method involved solid-phase extraction, derivatized with deuterated 2,4-D, and analysis by selected ion monitoring. The ELISA method was applied after preconcentration with solid-phase extraction. The ELISA method was unreliable because of interference from humic substances that were also isolated by solid-phase extraction. Therefore, GC-MS was used to analyze 80 samples from river water from 14 basins. The frequency of detection of dicamba (28%) was higher than that for 2,4-D (16%). Concentrations were higher for dicamba than for 2,4-D, ranging from less than the detection limit (<0.05Î/L) to 3.77 Î/L, in spite of 5 times more annual use of 2,4-D as compared to dicanba. These results suggest that 2,4-D degrades more rapidly in the environment than dicamba. Additional information about the Organic Geochemistry Research Laboratory can be found at: http://ks.water.usgs.gov/studies/reslab/Thurman, E.M., Zimmerman, L.R., Aga, D.S., and Gilliom, R.J., 2001, Regional Water-Quality Analysis of 2,4-D and Dicamba in River Water Using Gas Chromatography-Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry: International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, v. 79, no. 3, p. 185-198. To request a paper copy of this journal article, email: scribner@.usgs.gov |
U.S. Department of the Interior |
U.S. Geological Survey
URL: /pubs/abstracts/emt.ac7903.html
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The USGS has collected hydrologic information in Kansas since 1895 with the first USGS Cooperative
Water Program funding agreement for 6 streamflow gages with the Kansas Water Board. USGS collects streamflow
and gage-height data; reservoir content; water-quality and water-quantity data; suspended-sediment data;
and groundwater levels. Hydrologic studies are conducted on national, regional, statewide, and local levels.
The USGS in Kansas works cooperatively with 31 Federal, State, and local agencies, such as the Kansas Water Office, the U.S.Army Corps of Engineers, and the City of Wichita