Organic Geochemistry Research Laboratory
Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE)
Solid-phase extraction is used for the majority of the methods
at the Organic Geochemistry Research Laboratory (OGRL).
SPE extractions are performed in the OGRL as follows:
- Manual extraction on a vacuum manifold.
- Autotrace extraction workstations which automatically
prepare the cartridge, load the sample and elute off the extract.
- Online extraction which elutes automatically and the extract is injected directly to the Liquid Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometer.
- Accelerated Solvent Extractor for soil extraction.
Selected Solid-Phase Extraction References
- Aga, D.S. and Thurman, E.M., 1993,
Coupling Solid-Phase Extraction
(SPE) and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for Ultratrace Analysis of
Herbicides in Pristine Water: Analytical Chemistry, v. 65, p. 2894-2898.
- Ferrer, Imma, Barcelo, Damia, Thurman, E.M., 1999,
Double-Disk Solid-Phase
Extraction--Simultaneous Cleanup and Trace Enrichment of Herbicides and
Metabolites from Environmental Samples: Analytical Chemistry, v. 71, no. 5,
p. 1009-1015.
- Lin, C.H., Lerch, R.N., Thurman, E.M., Garrett, H.E., George, M.F., 2002,
Determination of Isoxaflutole (Balance) and Its Metabolites in Water Using
Solid Phase Extraction Followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with
Ultraviolet or Mass Spectrometry: J. Agric. Food Chem., v. 50, p. 5816-5824.
- Meyer, M.T., Mills, M.S., and Thurman, E.M., 1993,
Automated Solid-Phase
Extraction of Herbicides from Water for Gas Chromatographic/Mass Spectrometric
Analysis: Journal of Chromatography, v. 629, p. 55-59.
- Mills, M.S. and Thurman, E.M., 1992,
Mixed-Mode Isolation of Triazine Metabolites
in Soil and Aquifer Sediments Using Automated Solid-Phase Extraction:
Analytical Chemistry, v. 64, 1985-1990.
- Thurman, E.M., and Cromwell, Aron E., 2000,
Atmospheric Transport,
Deposition, and Fate of Triazine Herbicides and Their Metabolites in Pristine
Areas at Isle Royale National Park: Environmental Science & Technology, v.
34, p. 3079-3085.
- Thurman, E.M., Meyer, M.T., Pomes, M.L., Perry, C.A., and Schwab, A.P., 1990,
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Compared
With Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
for the Determination of Triazine Herbicides in Water:
Analytical Chemistry, v. 62, no.18, p. 2043-2048.
- Thurman, E.M. and Mills, M.S., 1998, Solid-Phase Extraction, John Wiley & Sons,
Inc., Professional, Reference and Trade Group,
605 Third Avenue, New York, NY
10158-0012.
- Thurman, E.M. and Snavely, Kirk, 2000,
Advances in Solid-Phase Extraction Disks for
Environmental Chemistry:
Trends in Analytical Chemistry, v. 19, no. 1, p. 18-26.
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U.S. Department of the Interior |
U.S. Geological Survey
The USGS has collected hydrologic information in Kansas since 1895 with the first USGS Cooperative
Water Program funding agreement for 6 streamflow gages with the Kansas Water Board. USGS collects streamflow
and gage-height data; reservoir content; water-quality and water-quantity data; suspended-sediment data;
and groundwater levels. Hydrologic studies are conducted on national, regional, statewide, and local levels.
The USGS in Kansas works cooperatively with 31 Federal, State, and local agencies, such as the Kansas Water Office, the U.S.Army Corps of Engineers, and the City of Wichita