Neuroscientists are starting to share and integrate data — but shifting to a team approach isn't easy.

• Esther Landhuis

• Pietro Fazzari
• Katrien Horre
• Amaia M. Arranz
• Carlo Sala Frigerio
• Takashi Saito
• Takaomi C. Saido
• Bart De Strooper

• Peter Lodahl
• Sahand Mahmoodian
• Søren Stobbe
• Arno Rauschenbeutel
• Philipp Schneeweiss
• Jürgen Volz
• Hannes Pichler
• Peter Zoller

The experimental state-of-the-art in the field of chiral quantum optics is reviewed and the ways in which chiral light–matter interaction could be exploited to add a new dimension of control to quantum networks and quantum many-body physics are discussed.

• Shane A. Liddelow
• Kevin A. Guttenplan
• Laura E. Clarke
• Frederick C. Bennett
• Christopher J. Bohlen
• Lucas Schirmer
• Mariko L. Bennett
• Alexandra E. Münch
• Won-Suk Chung
• Todd C. Peterson
• Daniel K. Wilton
• Arnaud Frouin
• Brooke A. Napier
• Nikhil Panicker
• Manoj Kumar
• Marion S. Buckwalter
• David H. Rowitch
• Valina L. Dawson
• Ted M. Dawson
• Beth Stevens
• Ben A. Barres

A reactive astrocyte subtype termed A1 is induced after injury or disease of the central nervous system and subsequently promotes the death of neurons and oligodendrocytes.

• Zohar Erez
• Ida Steinberger-Levy
• Maya Shamir
• Shany Doron
• Avigail Stokar-Avihail
• Yoav Peleg
• Sarah Melamed
• Azita Leavitt
• Alon Savidor
• Shira Albeck
• Gil Amitai
• Rotem Sorek

Some phages—viruses that infect bacteria—encode peptides that are secreted from infected cells and that, beyond a certain threshold, stimulate other viruses to switch from the lytic (killing the host cell) to lysogenic (dormant) phase.

See also

• News & Views by Davidson

• Ataman Sendoel
• Joshua G. Dunn
• Edwin H. Rodriguez
• Shruti Naik
• Nicholas C. Gomez
• Brian Hurwitz
• John Levorse
• Brian D. Dill
• Daniel Schramek
• Henrik Molina
• Jonathan S. Weissman
• Elaine Fuchs

The translation of upstream open reading frames in skin tumour models protects some cancer-related mRNAs from global reductions in protein synthesis during the early stages of tumour initiation, suggesting that unconventional translation has a crucial role in tumorigenesis.

See also

• News & Views by Pedersen & Jensen

• Eunyong Park
• Ernest B. Campbell
• Roderick MacKinnon

Some CLC proteins are channels that conduct chloride ions passively, whereas others are active co-transporters, a difference that has been hard to understand given their high degree of sequence homology; now, cryo-electron microscopy is used to determine the structure of a mammalian CLC channel, shedding light on this question.

• M. Ahmadi
• B. X. R. Alves
• C. J. Baker
• W. Bertsche
• E. Butler
• A. Capra
• C. Carruth
• C. L. Cesar
• M. Charlton
• S. Cohen
• R. Collister
• S. Eriksson
• A. Evans
• N. Evetts
• J. Fajans
• T. Friesen
• M. C. Fujiwara
• D. R. Gill
• A. Gutierrez
• J. S. Hangst
• W. N. Hardy
• M. E. Hayden
• C. A. Isaac
• A. Ishida
• M. A. Johnson
• S. A. Jones
• S. Jonsell
• L. Kurchaninov
• N. Madsen
• M. Mathers
• D. Maxwell
• J. T. K. McKenna
• S. Menary
• J. M. Michan
• T. Momose
• J. J. Munich
• P. Nolan
• K. Olchanski
• A. Olin
• P. Pusa
• C. Ø. Rasmussen
• F. Robicheaux
• R. L. Sacramento
• M. Sameed
• E. Sarid
• D. M. Silveira
• S. Stracka
• G. Stutter
• C. So
• T. D. Tharp
• J. E. Thompson
• R. I. Thompson
• D. P. van der Werf
• J. S. Wurtele

The 1S–2S transition in magnetically trapped atoms of antihydrogen is observed, and its frequency is shown to be consistent with that expected for hydrogen.

See also

• News & Views by Ulmer

• Chung-Yeh Wu
• William J. Wolf
• Yehonatan Levartovsky
• Hans A. Bechtel
• Michael C. Martin
• F. Dean Toste
• Elad Gross

The chemical conversion of N-heterocyclic carbene molecules attached to catalytic particles is monitored at high spatial resolution using synchrotron-radiation-based infrared nanospectroscopy.

• Martin Jung
• Markus Reichstein
• Christopher R. Schwalm
• Chris Huntingford
• Stephen Sitch
• Anders Ahlström
• Almut Arneth
• Gustau Camps-Valls
• Philippe Ciais
• Pierre Friedlingstein
• Fabian Gans
• Kazuhito Ichii
• Atul K. Jain
• Etsushi Kato
• Dario Papale
• Ben Poulter
• Botond Raduly
• Christian Rödenbeck
• Gianluca Tramontana
• Nicolas Viovy
• Ying-Ping Wang
• Ulrich Weber
• Sönke Zaehle
• Ning Zeng

A study of how temperature and water availability fluctuations affect the carbon balance of land ecosystems reveals different controls on local and global scales, implying that spatial climate covariation drives the global carbon cycle response.

• Nicolas Dauphas

The mantle signatures of elements with distinct affinities for metal isotopically record different stages of Earth’s accretion, revealing that the Moon-forming impactor had a similar composition to the other impactors that made the Earth.

See also

• News & Views by Carlson

See also

• Letter by Fischer-Gödde & Kleine

• Mario Fischer-Gödde
• Thorsten Kleine

All chondrites are shown to have Ru isotopic compositions that are more different from that of the Earth’s mantle the further from the Sun they formed; this means the Earth’s late veneer cannot derive from volatile-rich material formed in the outer Solar System.

See also

• News & Views by Carlson

See also

• Letter by Dauphas

• Bart Kempenaers
• Mihai Valcu

Nomadic movement across the breeding range enables male pectoral sandpipers to display and sire offspring at multiple sites within a single breeding season, with tenure depending on breeding female numbers at each site.

• Dražen Prelec
• H. Sebastian Seung
• John McCoy

The wisdom of the crowd can be improved by using an algorithm that selects the answer that is more popular than people predict, rather than the answer that is most popular.

• Thomas Mock
• Robert P. Otillar
• Jan Strauss
• Mark McMullan
• Pirita Paajanen
• Jeremy Schmutz
• Asaf Salamov
• Remo Sanges
• Andrew Toseland
• Ben J. Ward
• Andrew E. Allen
• Christopher L. Dupont
• Stephan Frickenhaus
• Florian Maumus
• Alaguraj Veluchamy
• Taoyang Wu
• Kerrie W. Barry
• Angela Falciatore
• Maria I. Ferrante
• Antonio E. Fortunato
• Gernot Glöckner
• Ansgar Gruber
• Rachel Hipkin
• Michael G. Janech
• Peter G. Kroth
• Florian Leese
• Erika A. Lindquist
• Barbara R. Lyon
• Joel Martin
• Christoph Mayer
• Micaela Parker
• Hadi Quesneville
• James A. Raymond
• Christiane Uhlig
• Ruben E. Valas
• Klaus U. Valentin
• Alexandra Z. Worden
• E. Virginia Armbrust
• Matthew D. Clark
• Chris Bowler
• Beverley R. Green
• Vincent Moulton
• Cock van Oosterhout
• Igor V. Grigoriev

The genome of the Southern Ocean phytoplankton Fragilariopsis cylindrus differs markedly from the genomes of its more temperate relatives, with divergent alleles being differentially expressed in environmentally specific conditions such as freezing and darkness.

• Adrian Britschgi
• Stephan Duss
• Sungeun Kim
• Joana Pinto Couto
• Heike Brinkhaus
• Shany Koren
• Duvini De Silva
• Kirsten D. Mertz
• Daniela Kaup
• Zsuzsanna Varga
• Hans Voshol
• Alexandra Vissieres
• Cedric Leroy
• Tim Roloff
• Michael B. Stadler
• Christina H. Scheel
• Loren J. Miraglia
• Anthony P. Orth
• Ghislain M. C. Bonamy
• Venkateshwar A. Reddy
• Mohamed Bentires-Alj

Ablation of the large tumour suppressor kinases 1 and 2 promotes a luminal breast cell phenotype through stabilization of oestrogen receptor-α, thereby changing human breast cell fate.

• Paul Huter
• Claudia Müller
• Bertrand Beckert
• Stefan Arenz
• Otto Berninghausen
• Roland Beckmann
• Daniel N. Wilson

The structure of the bacterial ribosome stalled on a truncated mRNA in complex with ArfA and the release factor RF2 is presented, revealing how ArfA recruits RF2 to the ribosome and induces conformational changes within RF2 to enable translation termination in the absence of a stop codon.

See also

• Letter by Zeng et al.

See also

• Letter by Ma et al.

• Chengying Ma
• Daisuke Kurita
• Ningning Li
• Yan Chen
• Hyouta Himeno
• Ning Gao

The structure of the bacterial 70S ribosome in complex with ArfA, the release factor RF2, a short non-stop mRNA and a cognate P-site tRNA is presented, revealing how ArfA and RF2 facilitate alternative translation termination of the non-stop ribosomal complex using a stop-codon surrogate mechanism.

See also

• Letter by Zeng et al.

See also

• Letter by Huter et al.

• Fuxing Zeng
• Yanbo Chen
• Jonathan Remis
• Mrinal Shekhar
• James C. Phillips
• Emad Tajkhorshid
• Hong Jin

The structure of the bacterial ribosome in complex with the ArfA and the release factor RF2 shows how ArfA recruits RF2 to terminate translation of messenger RNAs that lack a stop codon in the ribosome.

See also

• Letter by Ma et al.

See also

• Letter by Huter et al.

• Haotian Lin
• Hong Ouyang
• Jie Zhu
• Shan Huang
• Zhenzhen Liu
• Shuyi Chen
• Guiqun Cao
• Gen Li
• Robert A. J. Signer
• Yanxin Xu
• Christopher Chung
• Ying Zhang
• Danni Lin
• Sherrina Patel
• Frances Wu
• Huimin Cai
• Jiayi Hou
• Cindy Wen
• Maryam Jafari
• Xialin Liu
• Lixia Luo
• Jin Zhu
• Austin Qiu
• Rui Hou
• Baoxin Chen
• Jiangna Chen
• David Granet
• Christopher Heichel
• Fu Shang
• Xuri Li
• Michal Krawczyk
• Dorota Skowronska-Krawczyk
• Yujuan Wang
• William Shi
• Daniel Chen
• Zheng Zhong
• Sheng Zhong
• Liangfang Zhang
• Shaochen Chen
• Sean J. Morrison
• Richard L. Maas
• Kang Zhang
• Yizhi Liu