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PMI: Presidents Malaria Initiative - Saving lives in Africa.

Monitoring and Evaluation

  Photo of a clinical nurse with the Ghana Health Service reviews case management data with a colleague, who enters the data into a cell phone for analysis. Ongoing monitoring of data is used to improve programs, while periodic evaluations are used to determine whether a program is reaching its goals. Source: Meaghan O’Keefe/PMI
  A clinical nurse with the Ghana Health Service reviews case management data with a colleague, who enters the data into a cell phone for analysis. Ongoing monitoring of data is used to improve programs, while periodic evaluations are used to determine whether a program is reaching its goals.
Source: Meaghan O’Keefe/PMI

PMI was launched in June 2005 as a five-year, $1.2 billion initiative to rapidly scale up malaria prevention and treatment interventions and reduce malaria-related mortality by 50 percent in 15 high-burden countries in sub-Saharan Africa. A comprehensive five-year evaluation of PMI was conducted in 2011. In addition, PMI is supporting a series of evaluations of impact in all PMI focus countries.

As part of the 2010 USG Malaria Strategy [PDF, 483KB], an expanded PMI strategy for 2009-2014 was developed to achieve Africa-wide impact. The goal is to halve the burden of malaria in 70 percent of at-risk populations in sub-Saharan Africa, i.e., approximately 450 million residents.

The goal to reduce the burden of malaria will be achieved by reaching and sustaining 85 percent coverage of the most vulnerable groups – children under five years of age and pregnant women – with proven preventive and therapeutic interventions, including artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs), insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), intermittent preventive treatment of pregnant women (IPTp), and indoor residual spraying (IRS). PMI has a single set of country-level targets for the four major control measures, which are the same for each focus country:

  • More than 90 percent of households with a pregnant woman and/or child under five will own one or more ITNs;
  • 85 percent of children under five will have slept under an ITN the previous night;
  • 85 percent of pregnant women will have slept under an ITN the previous night;
  • 85 percent of houses in geographic areas targeted for IRS will have been sprayed;
  • 85 percent of pregnant women and children under five will have slept under an ITN the previous night or in a house that has been protected by IRS;
  • 85 percent of women (in areas determined to be appropriate for IPTp use) who have completed a pregnancy in the last two years will have received two or more doses of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) for IPTp during that pregnancy; and
  • 85 percent of government health facilities will have ACTs available for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria *

* This indicator will be used in place of the standard, but now less relevant, treatment indicator (treatment with an ACT within 24 hours of onset of fever) in the interim. This indicator has become less relevant as the burden of malaria has been reduced and an increasing proportion of fever illnesses are no longer caused by malaria. Therefore, giving malaria treatment based solely on the presence of fever is no longer an acceptable practice. PMI is working with the Roll Back Malaria Monitoring and Evaluation Reference Group to develop a more effective indicator that captures effective case management of malaria.


Expanded-PMI Timeline. This graphic shows the variation in types of surveys carried out over the course of years, starting with baseline mortality and coverage surveys from 2007 - 2009, with interim coverage surveys from 2010-2012, and ending with final mortality and coverage surveys 2015-2016.

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