Figure 2: Number of States with Declining Employment-to-population Ratios (EPOP) by Year, 1978-2011

    This image is excerpted from a U.S. GAO report: www.gao.gov/products/GAO-12-38

    Medicaid: Prototype Formula Would Provide Automatic, Targeted Assistance to States during Economic Downturns

    Note: The National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) identifies recessions on the basis of several indicators, including employment, sales in the manufacturing and trade sectors, and industrial production. A recession begins just after the economy reaches a peak of activity and ends as the economy reaches its lowest point.

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