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Officers & Staff
![](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130106095416im_/http://www.senate.gov/resources/graphic/horiz_content_break.gif)
![John Adams by Eliphalet Frazer Andrews](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130106095416im_/http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/small/31_00005.jpg) |
Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate)
According to the United States Constitution, "The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate but shall have no Vote, unless they be equally divided." Other than being prepared to succeed to the presidency if needed, the vice president's only constitutional role is to preside over the Senate.
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![](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130106095416im_/http://www.senate.gov/resources/graphic/horiz_content_break.gif)
![John Langdon](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130106095416im_/http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/resources/graphic/small/32_00023.jpg) |
President Pro Tempore
The U.S. Constitution provides for a president pro tempore to preside over the Senate in the absence of the vice president. The president pro tem is third in the line of presidential succession, behind the vice president and the Speaker of the House. By tradition, this position goes to the senior member of the majority party.
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![](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130106095416im_/http://www.senate.gov/resources/graphic/horiz_content_break.gif)
![Frank Valeo](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130106095416im_/http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/resources/graphic/small/valeo.jpg) |
Party Secretaries
Both major parties elect a party secretary, a secretary for the majority and a secretary for the minority. Seated on either side of the Senate Chamber, the party secretaries see that pages are at their posts and cloakrooms are staffed. They schedule legislation on the floor and inform senators of all pending business, keeping them updated on bills, motions, nominations, and amendments in preparation for roll call votes.
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![](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130106095416im_/http://www.senate.gov/resources/graphic/horiz_content_break.gif)
![Image of Samuel Otis of Massachusetts](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130106095416im_/http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/resources/graphic/small/otis.jpg) |
Secretary of the Senate
An elected officer, the secretary of the Senate supervises an extensive array of offices and services to expedite the day-to-day operations of the United States Senate. The secretary's responsibilities include both legislative and administrative functions, with a jurisdiction that includes clerks, curators, and computers; disbursement of payrolls; acquisition of stationery supplies; education of the Senate pages; and the maintenance of public records.
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![](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130106095416im_/http://www.senate.gov/resources/graphic/horiz_content_break.gif)
![John Robert French](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130106095416im_/http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/resources/graphic/small/french.jpg) |
Sergeant At Arms
The sergeant at arms and doorkeeper, elected by the members of the Senate, serves as the protocol and chief law enforcement officer of the Senate and is the principle administrative manager for most support services. Established in 1789, the Office of Doorkeeper became "Sergeant-at-Arms and Doorkeeper" in 1798.
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![](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130106095416im_/http://www.senate.gov/resources/graphic/horiz_content_break.gif)
![Image of Samuel Provoost, First Senate Chaplain](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/web/20130106095416im_/http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/resources/graphic/small/Provoost.jpg) |
Senate Chaplain
The Senate elected its first chaplain on April 25, 1789, continuing a tradition established by the Continental Congress. In addition to opening each day's session with a prayer, the chaplain's duties include spiritual care and counseling for senators, their families, and their staffs.
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