Figure 5: Reported Compact Impact Costs, 1996-2010
This image is excerpted from a U.S. GAO report: www.gao.gov/products/GAO-12-64
Compacts of Free Association
Improvements Needed to Assess and Address Growing Migration
[U.S. compacts with the freely associated states (FAS)—the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), the Marshall Islands, and Palau—permit FAS citizens to migrate to the United States and its territories (U.S. areas) without regard to visa and labor certification requirements. Thousands of FAS citizens have migrated to U.S. areas (compact migrants)—particularly to the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), Guam, and Hawaii, which are defined as affected jurisdictions.]
Notes: For 1986 through 1995, Guam reported total costs of $60.6 million, Hawaii reported total costs of $23.4 million, and the CNMI estimated total costs at $43.7 to $71.7 million. From 1996 through 2003, Guam reported total costs of $175.3 million, Hawaii $162 million, and the CNMI $74.7 million.
The reported costs are in nominal dollars, unadjusted for inflation.
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