Health Care System Crisis: Growing Challenges Point to Need for Fundamental Reform
Health Care System Crisis: Growing Challenges Point to Need for Fundamental ReformHEALTH CARE SYSTEM CRISIS: Significant Challenges Point to Need for Fundamental Reform
Federal Fiscal Challenges: Changing Composition of the Federal Budget
Composition of federal spending by budget function
Selected Fiscal Exposures: Sources and Examples
Health Care System Challenges: Costs
National health expenditures nearly doubled from 1992-2002
Health expenditures will continue to absorb an increasing share of GDP
Growth in health care spending, 1992-2002
Composition of spending on personal health care services, selected years
Change in spending per enrollee, selected public and private purchasers, 1992-2002
The federal government acts through different tools
Estimated federal resources for health care by policy took, fiscal year 2004
Health care is the nation’s top tax expenditure in fiscal year 2004 (estimated)
Out-of-pocket spending has declined as a share of total health care spending
Medicare and Medicaid are projected to grow dramatically as a share of GDP
Workers per HI beneficiary are expected to decline
U.S. labor force growth will continue to decline
Growth in elderly population will strain Medicare and Medicaid in coming decades
Health Care System Challenges: Access
In 2002, 17 percent of the nonelderly population was uninsured
In recent years, roughly 40 million Americans have been uninsured
Significant gaps exist in health care access and coverage
Simplified view of access to and gaps in health care coverage
Simplified view of coverage gaps by payer and benefit type
Many states are planning to undertake Medicaid cost containment strategies in fiscal year 2004
Health insurance may be out of reach for many individuals in poor health
Health Care System Challenges: Quality
The U.S. continues to lag other industrialized nations in reducing infant mortality rates
The United States lags other industrialized nations in life expectancy at birth
The United States exceeds other industrialized nations in potential years of life lost
U.S. has fostered quality of care through investment and achievements in medical science
Deaths due to medical errors in hospitals are higher than certain other causes of death in the U.S.
Patients often do not receive recommended treatments and procedures
Patients often receive unnecessary treatments
Obstacles to Meeting Health Care System Challenges
Obstacles to meeting challenges: health insurance issues
Obstacles to meeting challenges: information gaps
Obstacles to meeting challenges: market imperfections
Evaluating Health Care System Reforms
Evaluating Health Care System Reforms cont'd
Framework for Evaluating Health Care System Reforms: Cost
Framework for Evaluating Health Care System Reforms: Access
Framework for Evaluating Health Care System Reforms: Quality
Framework for Evaluating Health Care System Reforms: Implementation
Health care system ideals: incentives, transparency, and accountability