This module looks at how increasing temperatures due to climate change have affected sea level rise and what effects scientist expect in the future, given rising greenhouse gas emissions. The various mechanisms of sea level rise are discussed, as well as the tools and research used to study this topic. The module also discusses how countries and communities are preparing for future increases in sea levels.
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COMET Standard Terms of Use
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Sea level does not rise or fall uniformly over the oceans. This is illustrated by this map, which displays sea level trends from 1993 to 2011. This pattern of sea level change is additionally reflected in patterns of ocean heat storage.
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Sea level varied by over 100 meters during glacial-interglacial cycles as the major ice sheets waxed and waned as a result of changes in summer solar radiation in high northern hemisphere latitudes. During the last ice age, sea level fell to more than 120 metres below present day sea level as water was stored in ice sheets in North America, Greenland, northern Europe, and Antarctica. As the ice melted, starting around 20 000 years ago, sea level rose rapidly at average rates of about 10 mm per year, until about 6000 years ago.
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This figure shows the cumulative change in volume of glaciers worldwide beginning in 1960. Negative values in later years indicate a net loss of ice and snow compared with the base year of 1960. For consistency, measurements are in cubic miles of water equivalent, which means the total amount of ice or snow lost has been converted to the equivalent volume of liquid water.
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- Discuss why increasing sea levels are a concern
- Describe the difference in the rate of change in sea levels over the last 100 years compared to the previous 2000 years
- Describe factors that contribute to sea level rise
- List tools that researchers use to study sea level rise
- Compare current trends in sea level rise along U.S. coasts
- List three methods used to adapt to sea level rise
climate change, sea level rise, glacial melt, thermal expansion, uplift, subsidence, climate projections, global climate models, adaptation, mitigation, planned retreat, accommodation, protection
