In August 1939, Congress directed the U.S. Census Bureau to conduct a national census of housing in each state, the District of Columbia, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Alaska, in conjunction with the 1940 population census. Although this legislation came late the 1940 census' planning, requiring a separate "housing census," in practice, enumerators collected information for the housing census at the same time they collected information for the population census.