Education

Ph.D., University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1987

M.S., University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1982

B.A., Vassar College, 1978

Work Experience

Federal Reserve Bank of Boston

Vice President and Economist, 2009-
Senior Economist and Policy Advisor, 2005-2008
Assistant Vice President and Economist, 2000-2004
Senior Economist, 1999-2000
Economist, July 1995-1999

University of California—Davis, Department of Economics

Associate Professor, 1994-1996
Assistant Professor, 1988-1994

Johns Hopkins University, Department of Economics

Assistant Professor, 1987-88
Instructor, 1986-1987

University of Wisconsin—Madison

Research Assistant, 1985-1986
Trainee, Health Economics Training Program, 1983-1984

U.S. Census Bureau, American Statistical Association/National Science Foundation, Suitland, MD

Research Associate, 1982-83

Charles River Associates, Boston, MA

Research Associate, 1979-1980
Research Assistant, 1978-1979

Publications

Refereed journal articles

"A TIPS Scorecard: Are They Accomplishing Their Objectives?" with Michelle L. Barnes, Zvi Bodie, and J. Christina Wang, Financial Analysts Journal 66(5):68-84 (September-October).

“Job Creation, Job Destruction, and the Real Exchange Rate,” with Michael Klein and Scott Schuh. Journal of International Economics 59(2):239-265 (March 2003).

“Has Poverty Gotten Worse?” Journal of Economic Perspectives. 12(1):97-114 ( winter 1998).

“Econometric Issues in Estimating The Behavioral Response to Taxation: A Non-Technical Introduction.” National Tax Journal. 1(4) (1998).

“The Relationship Between Federal and State Individual Income Tax Progressivity,” with Charles Scott. National Tax Journal. 46(2): 95-108 ( June 1993).

“The Effect of Income Taxation on Labor Supply When Deductions Are Endogenous.” Review of Economics and Statistics. 74(1): 91-99 (1992).

“The Effect of Income Taxation on Labor Supply in the United States.” Journal of Human Resources. 25: 491-516 (1990).

“The Relationship Between the Marginal Cost of Public Funds and Marginal Excess Burden.” American Economic Review. 80: 557-566 (1990). Japanese translation published in Kosokudoro To Jidosha. 32(10): 49-53 (1991) and 34(11): 52-55 (1991).

“Alternative Methods for CPS Income Imputation,” with M. David, R. Little and M. Samuhel. Journal of the American Statistical Association. 81:29-41 (1986).

Other journal articles

“The Evolution of Regional Manufacturing Employment: Gross Job Flows within and between Firms and Industries,” with Scott Schuh. New England Economic Review (Third Quarter 2002).

“The Impact of Demographic Change on U.S. Labor Markets,” with Jane Sneddon Little. New England Economic Review (First Quarter 2002).

“Investment and Employment by Manufacturing Plants,” with Geoffrey M.B. Tootell and Richard W. Kopcke. New England Economic Review (Issue Number 2 , 2001).

“Perspective: Should We Be Concerned About Slow Growth in New England’s Labor Force?” Regional Review 10(2) (Quarter 2, 2000).

“The Role of Firms in Job Creation and Destruction in U.S. Manufacturing,” with Scott Schuh. New England Economic Review (March/April 2000).

“Perspective: Untangling the Causes of Recessions,” with Scott Schuh. Regional Review 8(4) (Quarter 4, 1998).

“Social Security Reform: An Overview.” New England Economic Review (November/December 1997).

“Regional Differences in Family Poverty.” New England Economic Review (January/February 1997).

“Issues in Finance: Fundamental Tax Reform.” Regional Review 6(2) (Spring 1996).

Books and book chapters

The Macroeconomics of Fiscal Policy, edited with Richard W. Kopcke and Geoffrey M. B. Tootell. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, February 2006.

"Introduction: The Macroeconomics of Fiscal Policy," with Richard W. Kopcke and Geoffrey M. B. Tootell, in The Macroeconomics of Fiscal Policy, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, February 2006.

Seismic Shifts: The Economic Impact of Demographic Change, edited with Jane Sneddon Little. Proceedings from the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Conference Series no. 46, 2001.

“The Impact of Demographic Change on U.S. Labor Markets,” with Jane Sneddon Little, in Seismic Shifts: The Economic Impact of Demographic Change. Proceedings from the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Conference Series no. 46, 2001.

“Seismic Shifts: The Economic Impact of Demographic Change. An Overview,” with Jane Sneddon Little, in Seismic Shifts: The Economic Impact of Demographic Change. Proceedings from the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Conference Series no. 46, 2001.

“Gross Job Flows and Firms,” with Scott Schuh. Proceedings from the Government Statistics Section, American Statistical Association, 1999.

“Job Reallocation and the Business Cycle: New Facts for an Old Debate,” with Scott Schuh, in Beyond Shocks: What Causes Business Cycles? Proceedings from the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Conference Series no. 42, 1998.

Social Security Reform: Links to Saving, Investment, and Growth, edited with Steven A. Sass. Proceedings from the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Conference Series no. 41, 1997.

“Social Security Reform: An Overview,” in Social Security Reform: Links to Saving, Investment and Growth. Proceedings from the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Conference Series no. 41, 1997.

“Social Security: How Social and Secure Should It Be?” with Steven A. Sass, in Social Security Reform: Links to Saving, Investment, and Growth. Proceedings from the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Conference Series no. 41, 1997.

“Technology Diffusion in U.S. Manufacturing: The Geographic Dimension,” with Jane Sneddon Little, in Technology and Growth. Proceedings from the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Conference Series no. 40, 1996.

“Fundamental Tax Reform and Labor Supply,” in Economic Effects of Fundamental Tax Reform, Henry J. Aaron and William G. Gale, eds. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution, 1996.

“The Efficiency Cost of Increased Progressivity,” in Tax Progressivity and Income Inequality, Joel Slemrod, ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995, pp. 137-69.

“Attitudes and Sanctions in Taxpayer Compliance,” with Steven Sheffrin. Proceedings from the National Tax Association, 1989, 1990, pp. 245-52.

“Imputation Methods Based on the Propensity to Respond,” with M. David, R. Little and M. Samuhel. Proceedings from the Business and Economic Statistics Section, American Statistical Association, 1983.

“CPS Hot Deck: An Evaluation Using IRS Records,” with Martin David. Proceedings from the Survey Research Methods Section, American Statistical Association, 1983.

Working papers and other unpublished papers

"An Economic Analysis of the 2010 Proposed Settlement Between the Department of Justice and Credit Card Networks" with Scott Schuh, Oz Shy, and Joanna Stavins. FRB Boston Public Policy Discussion Papers Series, paper no. 11-4 (2011).

"Evidence of a Credit Crunch? Results from the 2010 Survey of First District Community Banks" with Jihye Jeon, Judit Montoriol-Garriga and J. Christina Wang. FRB Boston Public Policy Brief Series, brief no.10-3 (2010).

"TIPS Scorecard: Are TIPS Accomplishing What They Were Supposed to Accomplish? Can They be Improved?" with Michelle Barnes, Zvi Bodie and J. Christina Wang. FRB Boston Public Policy Discussion Papers Series, paper no. 09-8 (2009)

"New Approach to Raising Social Security's Earliest Eligibility Age" with Kelly Haverstick, Margarita Sapozhnikov and Natalia Zhivan. FRB Boston Public Policy Discussion Papers, paper no. 08-4.

"Population Aging, Labor Demand, and the Structure of Wages," with Margarita Sapozhnikov. FRB Boston Working Papers Series, paper no. 07-8 (2007).

"Optimal Retirement Asset Decumulation Strategies: The Impact of Housing Wealth," with Wei Sun and Anthony Webb. FRB Boston Public Policy Discussion Papers Series, paper no. 07-2 (2007).

"The Federal Fiscal Outlook," with Radoslav Raykov. FRB Boston Public Policy Briefs Series, brief no. 04-2 (2004).

"Understanding the Job-Loss Recovery," with Jane Sneddon Little and Scott Schuh, et al. Part I "How Big Is the Employment Gap?" with Radoslav Raykov. FRB Boston Public Policy Briefs Series, brief no. 04-1 (2004).

“Job Creation, Job Destruction, and International Competition:
Job Flows and Trade – The Case of NAFTA,” with Michael W. Klein and Scott Schuh. FRB Boston Working Papers Series, paper no. 02-8 (2002).

“Job Creation, Job Destruction, and International Competition: A Literature Review,” with Michael W. Klein and Scott Schuh. FRB Boston Working Papers Series, paper no. 02-7 (2002).

“Job Creation, Job Destruction, and the Real Exchange Rate,” with Michael Klein and Scott Schuh. FRB Boston Working Papers Series, paper no. 99-11 (1999).

“Gross Job Flows in Firms,” with Scott Schuh. FRB Boston Working Papers Series, paper no. 99-10 (1999).

“A New Approach to Causality and Economic Growth,” with Steven M. Sheffrin. FRB Boston Working Papers Series, paper no. 95-12 (1995).

Other material

"Living Beyond Our Means," with Cathy E. Minehan, in Living Beyond Our Means, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston 2004 Annual Report.

“Addressing the Challenge of Growing Earnings Inequality,” with Cathy E. Minehan, in Sharing the Fruits of Growth, Federal Reserve Bank of Boston 1998 Annual Report.

 

Public Service

American Economic Association, Member

National Tax Association-Tax Institute of America, Member

Referee: American Economic Review; Economic Inquiry; Journal of Econometrics; Journal of Human Resources; Journal of Public Economics; Labor Economics; and National Tax Journal