---DISCLAIMER---
§2000d Prohibition against exclusion from participation in, denial
of benefits of, and discrimination under federally assisted programs on ground
of race, color or national origin
No person in the United States shall, on the ground of race, color, or
national origin, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of,
or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving
Federal financial assistance.
§2000d-1. Federal authority and financial assistance to programs or
activities by way of grant, loan, or contract other than contract of insurance
or guaranty; rules and regulations; approval by President; compliance with
requirements; reports to Congressional committees; effective date of
administrative action
Each Federal department and agency which is empowered to extend Federal
financial assistance to any program or activity, by way of grant, loan, or
contract other than a contract of insurance or guaranty, is authorized and
directed to effectuate the provisions of section 601 with respect to such
program or activity by issuing rules, regulations, or orders of general
applicability which shall be consistent with assistance in connection with
which the action is taken. No such rule, regulation, or order shall become
effective unless and until approved by the President . Compliance with any
requirement adopted pursuant to this section may be effected (1) by the
termination of or refusal to grant or to continue assistance under such program
or activity to any recipient as to whom there has been an express finding on
the record, after opportunity for hearing, of a failure to comply with such
requirement, but such termination or refusal shall be limited to the particular
political entity, or part thereof, or other recipient as to whom such a finding
has been made and, shall be limited in its effect to the particular program, or
part thereof, in which such noncompliance has been so found, or (2) by any
means authorized by law: Provided, however, That no such action shall be taken
until the department or agency concerned has advised the appropriate person or
persons of the failure to comply with the requirement and had determined that
compliance cannot be secured by voluntary means. In the case of any action
terminating, or refusing to grant or continue, assistance because of failure to
comply with a requirement imposed pursuant to this section, the head of the
Federal department or agency shall file with the committees of the House and
Senate having legislative jurisdiction over the program or activity involved a
full written report of the circumstances and the grounds for such action. No
such action shall become effective until thirty days have elapsed after the
filing of such report.
§2000d-2. Judicial review; administrative procedure provisions
Any department or agency action taken pursuant to section 602, shall be
subject to such judicial review as may otherwise be provided by law for similar
action taken by such department or agency on other grounds. In the case of
action, not otherwise subject to judicial review, terminating or refusing to
grant or to continue financial assistance upon a finding of failure to comply
with any requirement imposed pursuant to section 602, any person aggrieved
(including any State or political subdivision thereof and any agency of either)
may obtain judicial review of such action in accordance with section 10 of the
Administrative Procedures Act, and such action shall not be deemed committed to
unreviewable agency discretion within the meaning of that section.
§2000d-3. Construction of provisions not to authorize administrative
action with respect to employment practices except where primary objective of
Federal financial assistance is to provide employment
Nothing contained in this subchapter shall be construed to authorize action
under this title by any department or agency with respect to any employment
practice of any employer, employment agency, or labor organization except where
a primary objective of the Federal financial assistance is to provide
employment.
§2000d-4. Federal authority and financial assistance to programs or
activities by way of contract of insurance or guarantee
Nothing in this subchapter shall add to or detract from any existing
authority with respect to any program or activity under which Federal financial
assistance is extended by way of a contract of insurance or guaranty.
§2000d-4a. "Program or activity" and "program"
defined
For the purposes of this subchapter, the term "program or
activity" and the term "program" mean all of the operations of
--
(1)(A) a department, agency, special purpose district, or other
instrumentality of a State or of a local government; or
(B) the entity of such State or local government that distributes such
assistance and each such department or agency (and each other State or local
government entity) to which the assistance is extended, in the case of
assistance to a State or local government;
(2)(A) a college, university, or other postsecondary institution, or a
public system of higher education; or
(B) a local educational agency (as defined in section 198(a)(10) of the
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965), system of vocational
education, or other school system;
(3)(A) an entire corporation, partnership, or other private organization,
or an entire sole proprietorship --
(i) if assistance is extended to such corporation, partnership, private
organization, or sole proprietorship as a whole; or
(ii) which is principally engaged in the business of providing education,
health care, housing, social services, or parks and recreation; or
(B) the entire plant or other comparable, geographically separate facility
to which Federal financial assistance is extended, in the case of any other
corporation, partnership, private organization, or sole proprietorship ; or
(4) any other entity which is established by two or more of the entities
described in paragraph (1), (2), or (3);
any part of which is extended Federal financial assistance.
§2000d-5. Prohibited deferral of action on applications by local
educational agencies seeking Federal funds for alleged noncompliance with Civil
Rights Act
The Secretary of Education shall not defer action or order action deferred
on any application by a local educational agency for funds authorized to be
appropriated by this Act, by the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965
[20 U.S.C. 2701 et. seq.], by the Act of September 20, 1950 (Public Law 815,
Eighty-first Congress) [20 U.S.C. 236 et seq.], by the Act of September 23,
1950 (Public Law 815, Eighty-first Congress) [20 U.S.C. 631 et seq.], or by the
Cooperative Research ACt [20 U.S.C. 331 et seq.], on the basis of alleged
noncompliance with the provisions of this subchapter for more than sixty days
after notice is given to such local agency of such deferral unless such local
agency is given the opportunity for a hearing as provided in section 2000d-1 of
this title, such hearing to be held within sixty days of suchnotice, unless the
time for such hearing is extended by mutual consent of such local agency and
the Secretary, and such deferral shall not continue for more than thirty days
after the close of any such hearing unless there has been an express finding on
the record of such hearing that such local educational agency has failed to
comply with the provisions of this subchapter: Provided, That, for the
purpose of determining whether a local educational agency is in compliance with
this subchapter, compliance by such agency with a final order or judgment of a
Federal court for the desegregation of the school or school system operated by
such agency shall be deemed to be compliance with this subchapter, insofar as
the matters covered in the order or judgment are concerned.
§ 2000d-6. Policy of United States as to application of
nondiscrimination provisions in schools of local educational agencies
(a) Declaration of uniform policy
It is the policy of the United States that guidelines and criteria
established pursuant to title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 [42 U.S.C.
2000d et seq.] and section 182 of the Elementary and Secondary Education
Amendments of 1966 [42 U.S.C. 2000d-5] dealing with conditions of segregation
by race, whether dejure or de facto, in the schools of the local educational
agencies of any State shall be applied uniformly in all regions of the United
States whatever the origin or cause of such segregation.
(b) Nature of uniformity
Such uniformity refers to one policy applied uniformly to de jure
segregation wherever found and such other policy asa may be provided pursuant
to law applied uniformly to de facto segregation wherever found.
(c) Prohibition of construction for diminution of obligation for
enforcement or compliance with nondiscrimination requirements
Nothing in this section shall be construed to diminish the obligation of
responsible officials to enforce or comply with such guidelines and criteria in
order to eliminate discrimination in federally assisted programs and activities
as required by title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 [42 U.S.C. 2000d et
seq.]
(d) Additional funds
It is the sense of the Congress that the Department of Justice and the
Secretary of Education should request such additional funds as may be necessary
to apply the policy set forth in this section throughout the United States.
§2000d-7. Civil rights remedies equalization
(a) General provision
(1) A State shall not be immune under the Eleventh Amendment of the
Constitution of the United States from suit in Federal court for a violation of
section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 [29 U.S.C. 794], title IX of the
Education Amendments of 1972 [20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.], the Age Discrimination
Act of 1975 [42 U.S.C. 6101 et seq.], title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
[42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq], or the provisions of any other Federal statute
prohibiting discrimination by recipients of Federal financial assistance.
(2) In a suit against a State for a violation of a statute referred to in
paragraph (1), remedies (including remedies both at law and in equity) are
available for such a violation to the same extent as such remedies are
available for such a violation in the suit against any public or private entity
other than a State.
(b) Effective date
The provisions of subsection (a) of this section shall take effect with
respect to violations that occur in whole or in part after October 21, 1986.
|