Dose Coefficients for Intakes of Radionuclides via Contaminated Wounds
Dose coefficients for 38 radionuclides based on NCRP Wound Model and ICRP biokinetic models
This report is intended to assist health physics and medical staff in more rapidly assessing the potential dosimetric consequences of a contaminated wound. The National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements Wound Model describing the retention of selected radionuclides at the site of a contaminated wound and their uptake into the transfer compartment has been combined with the International Commission on Radiological Protection element-specific systemic models for those radionuclides to derive dose coefficients for intakes via contaminated wounds. Examples are also provided on using the dose coefficients to generate derived reference guides and clinical decision guides.
The combined NRCP Wound Model and ICRP biokinetic models for 22 commonly encountered elements were used to generate tables of dose coefficients for 38 radionuclides commonly encountered in activities such as those involving nuclear weapons, fuel fabrication or recycling, waste disposal, medicine, research and nuclear power. The radionuclides included are: 3H, 14C, 32P, 35S, 59Fe, 57,58,60Co, 85,89,90Sr, 99mTc, 106Ru, 125,129,131I, 134,137Cs, 192Ir, 201Tl, 210Po, 226,228Ra, 228,230,232Th, 234,235,238U, 237Np, 238,239,240,241Pu, 241Am, 242,244Cm, and 252Cf.
These dose coefficients can be used to generate derived regulatory guidance, that is, the activity in a wound that would result in an effective dose of 20 or 50 mSv, or, in some cases, an organ equivalent dose of 500 mSv. They can also be used for clinical decision guidance, that is, activity levels that would indicate the need for consideration of medical intervention to remove activity from the wound site, administration of decorporation therapy, or both.
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