Slide Set— Epidemiology of Pediatric Tuberculosis in the United States, 1993–2008
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Epidemiology of Pediatric Tuberculosis in the United States, 1993–2008
Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Outbreak Investigations Branch Division of Tuberculosis Elimination
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Pediatric TB—Background
- Definition of pediatric tuberculosis (TB): TB disease in
a person <15 years old
- In 2008,
- 12,904 TB cases were reported among all age groups
- 786 (6.1%) were pediatric
1996 TB Case Definition and Verification*
- Incident case of disease
- Case verification categories:
- Laboratory confirmed cases-“Gold Standard”
- Positive culture or nucleic acid amplification test
- Positive AFB smear when culture not attainable
- Clinical case definition
- Positive tuberculin skin test
- Signs and symptoms of TB disease
- Current treatment for TB disease
- Provider diagnosis:
- Diagnosed by health care provider
- Does not fulfill all criteria necessary to meet laboratory or clinical case definitions
*TB Case definition was revised in 2009. However, previous definition is used because all data precede 2009.
TB Cases, All Ages, by Age Group, 1993–2008
1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<15 yrs | 1661 |
1659 |
1536 |
1356 |
1251 |
1077 |
1039 |
965 |
929 |
944 |
912 |
954 |
857 |
800 |
777 |
786 |
15–24 yrs | 1822 |
1833 |
1698 |
1637 |
1675 |
1543 |
1518 |
1618 |
1597 |
1497 |
1573 |
1602 |
1542 |
1531 |
1581 |
1440 |
25–44 yrs | 9588 |
9043 |
8201 |
7564 |
6884 |
6335 |
6063 |
5576 |
5609 |
5288 |
5072 |
4938 |
4736 |
4691 |
4316 |
4242 |
45–64 yrs | 6197 |
6125 |
5960 |
5572 |
5277 |
4954 |
4858 |
4636 |
4515 |
4182 |
4283 |
4194 |
4123 |
4042 |
4040 |
3935 |
65+ yrs | 5820 |
5539 |
5328 |
5076 |
4663 |
4377 |
4020 |
3514 |
3293 |
3141 |
2993 |
2811 |
2809 |
2662 |
2573 |
2500 |
TB Case Rates, All Ages, by Age Group 1993–2008
1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall US | 9.7 |
9.3 |
8.6 |
8.0 |
7.4 |
6.8 |
6.4 |
5.8 |
5.6 |
5.2 |
5.1 |
5.0 |
4.8 |
4.6 |
4.4 |
4.2 |
<15 yrs | 2.9 |
2.9 |
2.7 |
2.3 |
2.2 |
1.9 |
1.8 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.4 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
15–24 yrs | 5.0 |
5.1 |
4.7 |
4.5 |
4.6 |
4.1 |
4.0 |
4.1 |
4.0 |
3.7 |
3.8 |
3.9 |
3.7 |
3.6 |
3.7 |
3.4 |
25–44 yrs | 11.6 |
10.9 |
9.8 |
9.0 |
8.2 |
7.6 |
7.3 |
6.6 |
6.6 |
6.3 |
6.0 |
5.9 |
5.7 |
5.6 |
5.2 |
5.1 |
45–64 yrs | 12.5 |
12.0 |
11.4 |
10.4 |
9.5 |
8.7 |
8.2 |
7.4 |
7.0 |
6.3 |
6.2 |
5.9 |
5.7 |
5.4 |
5.3 |
5.0 |
65+ yrs | 17.7 |
16.7 |
15.8 |
14.9 |
13.6 |
12.7 |
11.6 |
10.0 |
9.3 |
8.8 |
8.3 |
7.7 |
7.6 |
7.1 |
6.8 |
6.4 |
Note: Rates presented on a logarithmic scale
Percent of Pediatric TB Cases by Age Group 1993–2008
N=17,502
Age < 1 |
Age 1-4 |
Age 5-9 |
Age 10-14 |
|
Pediatric | 9.7 | 49.2 | 22.8 | 18.3 |
Pediatric TB Cases by Age Group 1993–2008
N=17,502
1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age < 1 | 156 | 140 | 120 | 102 | 113 | 105 | 96 | 91 | 97 | 101 | 94 | 82 | 82 | 90 | 114 | 114 |
Age 1–4 | 859 | 856 | 774 | 668 | 621 | 533 | 506 | 453 | 446 | 455 | 454 | 469 | 398 | 390 | 352 | 382 |
Age 5–9 | 358 | 394 | 393 | 368 | 305 | 243 | 250 | 222 | 208 | 196 | 195 | 203 | 195 | 159 | 160 | 142 |
Age 10–14 | 288 | 269 | 249 | 218 | 212 | 196 | 186 | 199 | 178 | 192 | 169 | 200 | 182 | 161 | 151 | 148 |
TB Case Rates by Pediatric Age Groups 1993–2008
N=17,502
1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age < 1 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 2.7 |
Age 1–4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 4.9 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.3 |
Age 5–9 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
Age 10–14 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
Note: Rates presented on a logarithmic scale
Pediatric TB Cases by Race/Ethnicity 1993–2008
N=17,502
1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
White, non-Hispanic | 250 | 230 | 184 | 157 | 136 | 137 | 125 | 104 | 87 | 103 | 82 | 77 | 66 | 64 | 69 | 48 |
Black, non-Hispanic | 559 | 572 | 517 | 515 | 469 | 372 | 345 | 335 | 310 | 330 | 257 | 289 | 264 | 249 | 224 | 222 |
Hispanic | 640 | 642 | 624 | 512 | 438 | 423 | 432 | 374 | 413 | 401 | 432 | 457 | 397 | 386 | 354 | 357 |
American Indian/ Alaskan Native | 22 | 31 | 34 | 37 | 29 | 15 | 15 | 27 | 8 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 9 | 9 | 10 |
Asian/Pacific Islander | 184 | 181 | 175 | 134 | 178 | 128 | 116 | 122 | 111 | 94 | 123 | 114 | 108 | 89 | 117 | 138 |
Note: Unknown and multiple race/ethnicity not shown
Pediatric TB Case Rates by Race/Ethnicity 1993–2008
N=17,502
1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
White, non-Hispanic | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
Black, non-Hispanic | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 5.5 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 2.6 |
Hispanic | 8.4 | 8.1 | 7.6 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 2.6 |
Asian/Pacific Islander | 9.3 | 8.8 | 8.2 | 6.1 | 7.8 | 5.5 | 4.8 | 5.6 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 3.4 | 4.4 | 5.1 |
Rates presented on a logarithmic scale.
American Indian/Alaska Native rate not shown because of small
denominators
TB Case Rates by Pediatric Age Groups U.S.-born and Foreign-born, 1994–2008
N=15,759
1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age < 1, FB | 45.7 | 45.9 | 65.2 | 25.8 | 52.6 | 72.6 | 37.4 | 29.4 | 12.1 | 70.3 | 23.1 | 11.2 | 28.2 | 16.6 | 43.0 |
Age 1–4, FB | 43.6 | 46.1 | 33.1 | 33.7 | 33.8 | 31.8 | 30.0 | 27.0 | 25.2 | 29.9 | 33.6 | 23.1 | 20.9 | 20.6 | 19.5 |
Age 5–9, FB | 23.1 | 16.4 | 14.4 | 12.7 | 10.4 | 16.5 | 10.3 | 14.2 | 10.2 | 12.5 | 11.6 | 10.5 | 6.5 | 8.5 | 8.2 |
Age 10–14, FB | 12.2 | 13.2 | 11.4 | 10.7 | 9.4 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 7.9 | 9.3 | 7.7 | 10.1 | 8.6 | 8.5 | 6.4 | 7.4 |
1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age < 1, USB | 3.3 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.7 | 2.4 |
Age 1–4, USB | 4.4 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 2.0 |
Age 5–9, USB | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
Age 10–14, USB | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
Note: Rates presented on a logarithmic scale. Data not
available before 1994.
USB = U.S.-born, FB=Foreign-born (unknown excluded from table and counts)
Number and Percent of Pediatric TB Cases by U.S. and Foreign Birth, 1993–2008
1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
413 | 386 | 352 | 312 | 287 | 249 | 265 | 255 | 269 | 249 | 269 | 280 | 243 | 201 | 205 | 201 | |
U.S.-born | 1232 | 1252 | 1179 | 1030 | 954 | 822 | 763 | 707 | 659 | 690 | 643 | 673 | 613 | 606 | 572 | 580 |
Percent foreign-born | 24.9 | 23.3 | 22.9 | 23.0 | 22.9 | 23.1 | 25.5 | 26.5 | 29.0 | 26.4 | 29.4 | 29.4 | 28.7 | 24.9 | 26.4 | 25.6 |
Number of Pediatric TB Cases with Foreign Birth by Birth Country*, by 4-Year Intervals, 1997–2008
N=2,973
1997-2000 (n) | 2001-2004 (n) | 2005-2008 (n) |
---|---|---|
Mexico (368) | Mexico (380) | Mexico (216) |
Philippines (89) | Philippines (74) | Somalia (61) |
Somalia (55) | Somalia (72) | Ethiopia (52) |
Viet Nam (51) | Haiti (59) | Philippines (52) |
Russia (41) | India (35) | Liberia (37) |
India (29) | Viet Nam (34) | Haiti (31) |
Other (423) | Other (412) | Other (402) |
*Ranked by counts
States with the Greatest Percent of the National Total Pediatric
TB Cases, 1993–2008
N=17,502
California | Texas | New York | Florida | Illinois | Georgia | All Others | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
U.S. Total | 24.7 | 11.8 | 8.5 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 4.4 | 40.7 |
States with Greatest Numbers of Pediatric TB Cases, 1993–2008
Pediatric TB Cases
State | Number | Percent* | Rate** |
---|---|---|---|
California | 4,313 | 7.5 | 3.5 |
Texas | 2,073 | 7.2 | 2.6 |
New York | 1,482 | 4.7 | 2.5 |
Florida | 902 | 4.5 | 1.8 |
Illinois | 821 | 6.6 | 1.9 |
Georgia | 778 | 7.9 | 2.7 |
All Others | 7,133 | 6.0 | 1.3 |
Overall U.S. | 17,502 | 6.3 | 1.8 |
*Average percent of total state cases that are pediatric, for all years
**Time-averaged rate per 100,000
States with Greatest Percent of Pediatric TB cases, 1993–2008
State | Number | Percent* | Rate** |
---|---|---|---|
Alaska | 133 | 12.5 | 5.3 |
Rhode Island | 84 | 10.9 | 2.6 |
Minnesota | 306 | 10.1 | 1.8 |
Oklahoma | 295 | 10.1 | 2.5 |
Delaware | 55 | 9.5 | 2.2 |
Arizona | 414 | 9.4 | 2.2 |
All Others | 16,215 | 6.1 | 1.9 |
Overall U.S. | 17,502 | 6.3 | 1.8 |
*Average percent of total state cases that are pediatric, for all years
**Time-averaged rate per 100,000
Slide 17
States with Greatest Rate of Pediatric TB Cases, 1993–2008
State | Number | Percent* | Rate** |
---|---|---|---|
Alaska | 133 | 12.5 | 5.3 |
D.C.† | 59 | 4.1 | 3.9 |
California | 4,313 | 7.5 | 3.5 |
Georgia | 778 | 7.9 | 2.7 |
Texas | 2,073 | 7.2 | 2.6 |
Arkansas | 222 | 8.3 | 2.5 |
All Others | 9,924 | 5.9 | 1.4 |
Overall U.S. | 17,502 | 6.3 | 1.8 |
*Average percent of total state cases that are pediatric, for
all years
**Time-averaged rate per 100,000
†D.C. (District of Columbia) is a distinct reporting jurisdiction
Pediatric TB Cases by Case Verification Criterion*, 1993–2008
N=17,502
Laboratory Confirmed | Clinical Case | Provider Diagnosis |
---|---|---|
25% |
50% |
24% |
*Based on the public health surveillance definition for TB [MMWR 1997:46(No. RR-10):40-41]
Pediatric TB Cases by Case Verification Criterion, 1993–2008
N=17,502
Age < 1 n=1,697
Laboratory Confirmed | Clinical Case | Provider Diagnosis |
---|---|---|
51% |
25% |
24% |
Age 1–4 n=8,616
Laboratory Confirmed | Clinical Case | Provider Diagnosis |
---|---|---|
20% |
53% |
27% |
Age 5–9 n=3,991
Laboratory Confirmed | Clinical Case | Provider Diagnosis |
---|---|---|
15% |
59% |
26% |
Age 10–14 n=3,198
Laboratory Confirmed | Clinical Case | Provider Diagnosis |
---|---|---|
37% |
45% |
18% |
Pediatric TB Cases by Site of Disease, 1993–2008
Both | Extrapulmonary | Pulmonary | |
---|---|---|---|
Site of Disease | 7.1% |
22.0% |
70.9% |
Any extrapulmonary involvement* (totaling 29.1%) |
|
---|---|
Lymphatic | 18.9% |
Meningeal | 3.1% |
Miliary | 1.5% |
Bone & Joint | 1.5% |
Other | 4.1% |
* Any extrapulmonary involvement which includes cases
that are extrapulmonary only and both
Patients may have more than one disease site but are counted in
mutually exclusive categories for
surveillance purposes.
Percent of Pediatric TB Cases by Site of Disease, 1993–2008
N=17,502
Age <1 n=1,697
Pulmonary | Extrapulmonary | Both | |
---|---|---|---|
Site of Disease | 75.3% |
10.2% |
14.5% |
Age 1–4 n=8,616
Pulmonary | Extrapulmonary | Both | |
---|---|---|---|
Site of Disease | 71.9% |
20.8% |
7.3% |
Age 5–9 n=3,991
Pulmonary | Extrapulmonary | Both | |
---|---|---|---|
Site of Disease | 69.9% |
25.5% |
4.6% |
Age 10–14 n=3,198
Pulmonary | Extrapulmonary | Both | |
---|---|---|---|
Site of Disease | 66.9% |
27.2% |
5.9% |
Percent of Pediatric TB Cases with Any Extrapulmonary Involvement* by Age Group and Selected Sites of Disease, 1993–2008
N=17,502
Site of Disease | Age < 1 (n=1,697) |
Age 1–4 (n=8,616) |
Age 5–9 (n=3,991) |
Age 10–14 (n=3,198) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lymphatic | 7.8 | 19.3 | 22.2 | 19.4 |
Meningeal | 7.6 | 3.6 | 1.5 | 1.8 |
Miliary | 5.5 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1.1 |
Bone & Joint | 0.4 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 2.4 |
Other | 3.5 | 2.7 | 4.2 | 8.4 |
Total | 24.8 | 28.1 | 30.1 | 33.1 |
*Any extrapulmonary involvement includes extrapulmonary only
and both
Note: Combine the total extrapulmonary percent shown with the
pulmonary percent in slide #21 to obtain 100% for each age
group.
Percent of TB Cases in Children Age < 1 Year With Any Extrapulmonary
Involvement, 1993–2008
N=1,697
Site of Disease | U.S.-born | Foreign-born |
---|---|---|
Lymphatic | 7.2% | 16.0% |
Meningeal | 7.9% | 3.1% |
Miliary | 5.6% | 3.8% |
Bone & Joint | 0.4% | 0.8% |
Other | 3.5% | 2.3% |
Total | 24.6% | 26.0% |
*Any extrapulmonary involvement includes extrapulmonary only and both
Percent of TB Cases in Children Age 1–4 Years With Any Extrapulmonary
Involvement, 1993–2008
N=8,616
Site of Disease | U.S.-born | Foreign-born |
---|---|---|
Lymphatic | 19.5% | 18.7% |
Meningeal | 3.9% | 2.0% |
Miliary | 1.3% | 1.0% |
Bone & Joint | 1.1% | 2.2% |
Other | 2.7% | 2.0% |
Total | 28.5% | 25.9% |
*Any extrapulmonary involvement includes extrapulmonary only and both
Percent of TB Cases in Children Age 5–9 Years With Any Extrapulmonary Involvement*, 1993–2008
N=3,991
Site of Disease | U.S.-born | Foreign-born |
---|---|---|
Lymphatic | 23.2% | 20.3% |
Meningeal | 1.8% | 1.0% |
Miliary | 0.5% | 0.6% |
Bone & Joint | 1.3% | 2.2% |
Other | 4.4% | 4.0% |
Total | 31.2%* | 28.1%* |
*Any extrapulmonary involvement includes extrapulmonary only and both
Percent of TB Cases in Children Age 10-14 Years With Any Extrapulmonary Involvement*, 1993–2008
N=3,198
Site of Disease | U.S.-born | Foreign-born |
---|---|---|
Lymphatic | 20.4% | 18.5% |
Meningeal | 1.8% | 1.7% |
Miliary | 1.6% | 0.7% |
Bone & Joint | 1.8% | 2.9% |
Other | 9.3% | 7.2% |
Total | 34.9% | 31.0% |
*Any extrapulmonary involvement includes extrapulmonary only and both
Pediatric TB Cases by HIV Status, 1993–2007*
N=16,716
- Information on HIV result is not available for the majority
of pediatric TB cases (79.2%)
- Percent of pediatric TB cases with HIV-positive test results, minimum estimate** (0.9%)
- Percent of pediatric cases with HIV-positive test results of those patients with known results (4.5%)
*California HIV data through 2004 only; Vermont HIV data through 2006 only.
**Pediatric TB cases with positive HIV test results divided by all pediatric TB cases.
California only reports positive HIV test results based on TB and AIDS registry matching; all other California TB
cases are classified as "Unknown."
Number and Percent of Culture-confirmed Pediatric TB Cases with Drug Resistance, 1993–2007
1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Resistance to any 1st line drug | 31.0 | 43.0 | 31.0 | 38.0 | 38.0 | 28.0 | 28.0 | 27.0 | 38.0 | 33.0 | 30.0 | 40.0 | 38.0 | 27.0 | 23.0 |
Percent with resistance to any 1st line drug | 9.7 | 13.3 | 10.3 | 12.8 | 13.4 | 12.2 | 12.5 | 11.5 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 14.6 | 17.5 | 18.1 | 13.4 | 11.0 |
MDR TB | 6.0 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 1.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 |
Percent with MDR TB | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.3 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 1.9 |
First line drugs are isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide and
ethambutol
MDR TB = resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampin
Pediatric TB Cases by Use of Directly Observed Therapy (DOT), 1993–2006
N=15,887*
1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DOT only | 22.1 | 26.9 | 40.9 | 47.4 | 55.3 | 58.3 | 56.5 | 61.6 | 61.6 | 64.4 | 63.1 | 65.2 | 64.6 | 65.1 |
Self-Administered only | 64.3 | 51.0 | 34.5 | 28.2 | 20.0 | 17.1 | 15.1 | 13.4 | 11.3 | 7.6 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 4.8 |
DOT and Self-Administered | 12.1 | 19.1 | 22.3 | 22.1 | 22.5 | 23.4 | 26.0 | 24.0 | 25.3 | 26.1 | 29.3 | 25.8 | 28.1 | 30.2 |
*Pediatric TB cases with patient alive at diagnosis and started on treatment
Pediatric TB Cases by Treatment Outcome 1993–2006
N=15,887*
Outcome | Cases | % |
---|---|---|
Completed treatment | 15,069 | 94.9 |
Moved | 376 | 2.4 |
Lost to follow-up | 143 | 0.9 |
Died | 86 | 0.5 |
Other** | 213 | 1.3 |
Note: Cause of death not recorded in TB case reports
*Pediatric TB cases with patient alive at diagnosis and started
on treatment
**Other includes refused, other, unknown and missing
Slide 31
Deaths Occurring Among Pediatric TB Cases, by Age Group, 1993–2006
N=15,939
Age Group | Cases | Deaths** | % of Cases |
---|---|---|---|
Age<1 | 1,469 | 28 | 1.9 |
Age 1–4 | 7,882 | 52 | 0.7 |
Age 5–9 | 3,689 | 20 | 0.5 |
Age 10–14 | 2,899 | 23 | 0.8 |
Note: Cause of death not recorded in TB case reports
**Death includes died during therapy or dead at TB diagnosis