Most Federal funding is for States, local governments, and non-profit organizations, not individuals. Under recent faith-based initiatives, religious institutions undertaking community and social services programs may also be eligible for federal grants.

Government funding is often available for projects that fill a compelling social need, for example such as building housing or establishing small businesses in impoverished areas, developing drug abuse assistance programs, or creating juvenile mentoring programs or recreation centers for inner city youth. Today, homeland security and terrorism preparedness are also a priority.

A few programs, such as educational loans or academic research grants, are available for individuals.