Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961–1963, Volume XXI, Africa
Africa: Document List
Document 1: Briefing Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, undated.
Source: Department of State, Conference Files: Lot 66 D 110. Confidential. Drafted by Root; cleared by Valdes, McBride, and Witman; and approved by Collopy. This paper was part of the Briefing Book prepared for the President's visit to France May 31-June 2, 1961.
Document 2: Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Fredericks) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, August 11, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 120.1480A/8-1161. Secret. Drafted by Root and sent through the Executive Secretariat. Copies were sent to Bowles, Ball, and Johnson.
Document 3: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Arab Republic
Washington, January 29, 1963, 4:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770.00/1-2963. Secret. Drafted by Newsom, cleared by Davies, and approved by Williams. Repeated to Benghazi, Tripoli, Tunis, and London and pouched to Algiers and Rabat.
Document 4: Paper by the Officer in Charge of Tunisian Affairs (Stackhouse)
Washington, July 26, 1963.
Source: Department of State, S/P Files: Lot 70 D 199, AF-1963. Confidential. A handwritten marginal notation on the source text indicates that the paper was discussed at the Secretary's Policy Planning meeting on July 30.
Document 5: Report Prepared by the Policy Planning Council
Washington, September 23, 1963.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 70 D 265, Basic National Security Policy 1963. Confidential.
Document 6: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, October 14, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria, Proposed Ben Bella Visit. Confidential.
Document 7: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Algeria
Washington, October 14, 1963, 7:17 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32-1 ALG-MOR. Confidential. Drafted by McClintic and approved by Newsom. Also sent to Rabat, Paris, and Tunis.
Document 8: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Algeria
Washington, October 15, 1963, 6:52 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32-1 ALG-MOR. Confidential. Drafted by Hooper and approved by Williams. Also sent to Rabat and repeated to Paris and Tunis.
Document 9: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in France
Washington, October 18, 1963, 7:18 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32-1 ALG-MOR. Secret. Drafted by Hooper, cleared by Sisco and Davis, and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Tunis, Algiers, Rabat, Addis Ababa, Bern, and USUN.
Document 10: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Military Aide (Clifton) for President Kennedy
Washington, October 19, 1963, 2:30 p.m.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria, 10/63. Secret. A handwritten note on the source text reads: “President saw.”
Document 11: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, October 19, 1963, 7:31 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32-1 ALG-MOR. Confidential. Drafted by McClintic, cleared by Marvin, and approved by Hooper. Repeated to Algiers, Tunis, Paris, and Madrid.
Document 12: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, October 21, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria, 10/63. Secret.
Document 13: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, October 21, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria, 10/63. Secret. A handwritten notation by Komer to Bundy in the margin of the source text reads: “MAC—this is way of informing JFK that we're being solicited, and that we propose to stall.”
Document 14: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Algeria
Washington, October 22, 1963, 7:40 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32-1 ALG-MOR. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Newsom, cleared by Newsom and Hilliker, and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Rabat, Cairo, and Paris.
Document 15: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, October 23, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria, 10/63. Secret. Drafted by Robert W. Komer. Copies were sent to Bundy, Williams, and Newsom.
Document 16: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, October 23, 1963, 6:18 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19-3 US-MOR. Secret. Drafted by Haynes and Newsom, cleared by Heffner (DOD), and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Paris, Algiers, and USUN.
Document 17: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to Certain Diplomatic Posts
Washington, October 23, 1963, 6:58 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32-1 ALG-MOR. Limited Official Use. Drafted by Newsom and Stackhouse; cleared by Sisco, Davies, Imhof, Ortiz, Meade, and Heffner (DOD); and approved by Tasca. Sent to Nouakchott, Dakar, Accra, Conakry, Bamako, Niamey, Lagos, Dar-es-Salaam, Addis Ababa, Tunis, Tripoli, Cairo, Amman, Damascus, Baghdad, Kuwait, Jidda, Khartoum, Taiz, and USUN. Repeated to Rabat and Algiers and pouched to Madrid, Paris, and London.
Document 18: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, October 24, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria, 10/63. Secret.
Document 19: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, October 24, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria, 10/63. Secret.
Document 20: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, October 25, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Morocco, 10/63. Secret.
Document 21: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, October 25, 1963, 6:37 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32-1 ALG-MOR. Secret. Drafted by Hooper, cleared by Newsom, and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Algiers, Cairo, Tunis, Paris, Madrid, and USUN, and by pouch to London, Rome, and Tripoli.
Document 22: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, October 27, 1963, 7:40 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15-1 MOR. Secret; Immediate; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Newsom, cleared by Getsinger and Tasca, Bundy (White House), and approved by Ball as Acting Secretary of State.
Document 23: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Algeria
Washington, October 27, 1963, 7:41 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32-1 ALG-MOR. Secret; Immediate; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Newsom; cleared by McGeorge Bundy, Tasca, and Getsinger; and approved by Ball.
Document 24: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, October 28, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Morocco, 10/63. Secret.
Document 25: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Mali
Washington, October 29, 1963, 8:48 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32-1 ALG-MOR. Secret; Immediate. Drafted by Hooper; cleared by Newsom, Connett, and Komer; and approved by Secretary Rusk. Fredericks is also indicated as an approving officer. Repeated to Rabat, Algiers, and Paris.
Document 26: Memorandum From the Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research (Hughes) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, October 30, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Morocco, 10/63. Confidential; No Foreign Dissem.
Document 27: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, November 1, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Morocco, 11/63. Secret.
Document 28: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to Certain Diplomatic Posts
Washington, November 1, 1963, 7:13 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32-1 ALG-MOR. Secret. Drafted by Hooper, cleared by Newsom, and approved by Tasca. Sent to Addis Ababa, Khartoum, Tripoli, Tunis, Mogadiscio, Kampala, Dar-es-Salaam, Cotonou, Accra, Conakry, Abidjan, Monrovia, Bamako, Usumbura, Yaounde, Bangui, Fort Lamy, Brazzaville, Leopoldville, Libreville, Nouakchott, Niamey, Lagos, Dakar, Freetown, Lome, Ouagadougou, Tananarive, and Kigali. Repeated to Paris, Madrid, Cairo, Rabat, and Algiers.
Document 29: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, November 4, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Morocco, 11/63. Secret.
Document 30: Memorandum From the Department of State Executive Secretary (Read) to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, November 4, 1963.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32-1 ALG-MOR. Secret. Drafted by Stoltzfus and approved by Tasca.
Document 31: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, November 4, 1963, 6:11 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32-1 ALG-MOR. Confidential. Drafted by McClintic, cleared by Buffum and Jones, and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Algiers, Paris, Madrid, Cairo, Tunis, and USUN.
Document 32: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, November 12, 1963, 7:31 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32-1 ALG-MOR. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Newsom and McClintic and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Rabat, Algiers, Paris, and Madrid.
Document 33: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to Certain African Posts
Washington, November 19, 1963, 6:35 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32-1 ALG-MOR. Secret. Drafted by Newsom and Stackhouse, cleared by Dorros and Allen, and approved by Tasca. Also sent to Khartoum, Dakar, Lagos, Abidjan, Bamako, and Dar-es-Salaam.
Document 34: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, December 24, 1963, 5:36 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32-1 ALG-MOR. Secret. Drafted by Newsom; cleared by Symmes, Long, Ortiz, Hadsel, Adams, and Heffner (DOD); and approved by Williams. Repeated to Paris, London, Madrid, Addis Ababa, Bamako, Tunis, and Algiers.
Document 35: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, January 3, 1961, 3:15 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.51/1-362. Secret. Drafted by Imhof (WE) and approved in S on January 9. Ambassador Herve Alphand had requested an appointment with Secretary of State Christian A. Herter to discuss the general situation.
Document 36: Editorial Note
Document 37: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Satterthwaite) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, January 30, 1961.
Source: Department of State, AF/AFN Files: Lot 65 D 182, A20, U.S. Policy Towards Algeria. Confidential. Drafted by Chase. Sent through Deputy Under Secretary for Political Affairs Raymond A. Hare.
Document 38: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in France
Washington, February 1, 1961, 9:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/2-161. Confidential. Drafted by Chase and Valdes; cleared by Kohler, McBride, Penfield, Hare, and Stoessel; and approved by Rusk. Also sent to Rabat, Tunis, Cairo, and Tripoli and repeated to London and USUN.
Document 39: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tunisia
Washington, February 8, 1961, 6:23 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/2-861. Confidential. Drafted by Root on February 6, cleared by Seip and Goodpaster, and approved by Williams. Repeated to Paris.
Document 40: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassyin France
Washington, February 15, 1961, 9:52 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/2-1561. Secret. Drafted by Valdes; cleared by McBride, Mau, and Tasca; and approved by Kohler. Repeated to Tunis, Rabat, Algiers, and London.
Document 41: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, February 27, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria. Secret. Also sent to Rostow.
Document 42: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tunisia
Washington, March 31, 1961, 8:21 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/3-3161. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Root and Chase; cleared by Brown, Valdes, and Witman; and approved by McBride. Also sent to Paris and repeated to Rabat, London, and Algiers.
Document 43: Memorandum From Director of Central Intelligence Dulles to President Kennedy
Washington, April 24, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria. No classification marking. Attached to the source text but not printed are three attachments entitled: “French Army Dispositions,” “Military Air Transport Available,” and “Excerpts as stated.”
Document 44: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in France
Washington, April 24, 1961, 9:19 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/4-2426. Confidential. Drafted by Valdes; cleared by Collopy, and in substance with S; and approved by Kohler.
Document 45: Special National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, May 23, 1961.
Document 46: Paper Prepared in the Bureau of European Affairs
Washington, August 5, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/8-561. Confidential. Sent to the White House under cover of a brief memorandum from Battle (S/S) to Bundy (NSC) indicating that the paper had been written in response to an oral request from the National Security Council. A copy of this memorandum is in Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria.
Document 47: Telegram From the Embassy in France to the Department of State
Paris, September 2, 1961, 4 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/9-261. Secret; Priority; Limited Distribution. Repeated to Algiers, USUN, and Tunis.
Document 48: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to Certain Diplomatic Posts
Washington, September 9, 1961, 4:10 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/9-961. Secret; Limit Distribution. Drafted by MacDonald on September 8; cleared by Brown, Wallner, Buffum, Tyler, Fredericks, Witman, and Korn; and approved by Ball. Sent to Tunis, Paris, Algiers, Rabat, Cairo, Tripoli, Benghazi, London, and USUN.
Document 49: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in France
Washington, October 18, 1961, 9:06 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 110.15-WI/10-1861. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Brown, cleared by Witman, and approved by Tyler. Repeated to Tunis, Algiers, and Tripoli for Williams, and pouched to Rabat. A memorandum of this conversation is ibid., 751S.00/10-1861.
Document 50: Letter From the Acting Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Bundy) to the Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs (Ball)
Washington, October 20, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 64 A 2382, Algeria 000. 1961. Secret. Drafted by Colonel Yount on October 19. Attached to a memorandum from Major General Frederic H. Miller, Director, European Region, to Bundy recommending that he sign the letter. A handwritten note indicates Bundy signed the letter on October 20.
Document 51: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer and Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, October 27, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, Schlesinger Papers, French-Algerian Negotiations. Secret; Noforn. On October 27, Komer sent this memorandum to McGeorge Bundy under cover of a memorandum that reads: “FYI, here is a draft Memorandum to the President which I originally intended to propose you send forward with an NSC Action Memo attached. Since the talk which Arthur, Hal Saunders, and I had with the State people, however, I prefer holding up a few days until we can get a better idea as to what, if anything, State proposes to do. Hence, attached is merely to fill you in on the sense of urgency which we feel about this problem. Admittedly, our leverage with the PAG may be marginal and the costs of offending De Gaulle at this juncture high. But the cost of not doing whatever we can, however little, to forestall a frightful mess and push a negotiated solution might be higher still.”
Document 52: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in France
Washington, October 28, 1961, 3:28 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/11-2861. Secret; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Brown, Tyler, and Imhof; cleared by Tasca, Witman, Tyler, and Johnson; and approved by Ball. Also sent to Tunis, Algiers, and Rabat, and pouched to USUN, Cairo and Geneva.
Document 53: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to the Director of the Office of Northern African Affairs (Witman)
Washington, November 6, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/12-1961. Secret.
Document 54: Editorial Note
Document 55: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to the Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Johnson)
Washington, December 15, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 033.51S11/12-1561. Secret.
Document 56: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, January 6, 1962.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 033.51S11/1-662. Secret. Drafted by Hooper and concurred in by WE. Attached to a memorandum from Witman to Williams indicating that the memorandum to the Secretary followed the line that McGhee had instructed Witman to take on January 4. Witman added that he would prefer that they adhere to their decision “no longer to slam the Department's door in the faces of the PAG.” (Ibid.)
Document 57: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, January 8, 1962.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 65 A 3501, Algeria 000.1-121 1962. Secret. Attached to a memorandum from W.B. Palmer, Director of Military Assistance (DOD/ISA), to Assistant Secretary of State Williams, noting that Defense concurred with the JCS recommendations as a basis for planning purposes and requested further Department of State participation in developing such plans.
Document 58: Special National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, January 24, 1962.
Document 59: Memorandum by the Officer in Charge of Algerian Affairs (Hooper)
Washington, February 8, 1962.
Source: Department of State, S/S Policy Guidelines: Lot 67 D 396, Algeria. Secret. A cover sheet indicates that the memorandum was being submitted to an NSC Standing Group meeting on February 9 for purposes of discussion, and had been generally approved in the Department of State but had not yet received final approval from Secretary Rusk. (Ibid.)
Document 60: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tunisia
Washington, February 23, 1962, 6:04 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/2-2362. Secret; Niact. Drafted by Witman on February 22; cleared by Imhof, Tyler, Fredericks, Rowan, Manfull, Davies, and Smith (White House); and approved by McGhee. Also sent to Paris and Algiers.
Document 61: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (McGhee)
Washington, March 13, 1962.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 033.51S11/3-1362. Confidential. Drafted by Hooper on March 12.
Document 62: Memorandum for the Files
Washington, March 19, 1962.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/3-1962. Confidential. Drafted by Assistant Secretary of State for European Affairs William R. Tyler.
Document 63: Editorial Note
Document 64: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to Certain Diplomatic Posts
Washington, March 23, 1962, 8:38 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/3-23-62. Secret. Drafted by Hooper; cleared by Imhof, Tyler, Tasca, Thacher, and Pezzullo; and approved by Ball. Sent to Accra, Ankara, Baghdad, Beirut, Belgrade, Benghazi, Cairo, Conakry, Djakarta, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Jidda, Karachi, London, Madrid, Moscow, New Delhi, Oslo, Paris, Prague, Rabat, Stockholm, Tripoli, and Tunis; and pouched to all other African posts.
Document 65: Editorial Note
Document 66: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, June 22, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria, 4/62-6/62. Secret. A copy was sent to Dungan.
Document 67: Editorial Note
Document 68: Central Intelligence Agency Information Report
Washington, July 10, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Brubeck Series, Algeria. Secret; Noforn; No Dissem Abroad; Limited; Background Use Only.
Document 69: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, August 17, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria, 7/16/62-7/30/62. Secret. A copy was sent to Dungan.
Document 70: Letter From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Sloan) to William R. Polk of the Policy Planning Council
Washington, August 23, 1962.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 65 A 3501, Algeria 000.1-121, 1962. Secret. Drafted by Colonel Junkermann.
Document 71: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, October 13, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria, 9/1/62-10/15/62. Secret. A handwritten covering note from Komer to Bundy reads: “This is long, but State briefing book is lousy so I summed up their 30pp. in my three. I also wanted to clue JFK on State/AID hassle over aid to Algeria. Only he can decide it, in last analysis, and now is best time to educate him.” Department of State briefing material for Ben Bella's visit in October 1962 is in Department of State, Conference Files: Lot 65 D 533, CF 2176.
Document 72: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Algeria
Washington, October 23, 1962, 6:03 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 033.51S11/10-2362. Confidential. Drafted by Hooper on October 22, cleared by Little and Bromley Smith, and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Paris.
Document 73: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to the Under Secretary of State (Ball)
Washington, October 25, 1962.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.51S/10-2562. Secret. Drafted by Newsom.
Document 74: National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, November 7, 1962.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency, Job 79 R 01012A, Box 215. Secret. According to a note on the cover sheet: “The following intelligence organizations participated in the preparation of this estimate: “The Central Intelligence Agency and the intelligence organizations of the Departments of State, Defense, the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force.” All members of the U.S. Intelligence Board concurred in this estimate on November 7 except the Atomic Energy Commission Representative and the Assistant Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, who abstained on the grounds that the subject was outside their jurisdiction.
Document 75: Memorandum From the Director of the Office of Northern African Affairs (Witman) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, November 7, 1962.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/11-762. Confidential. Drafted by Gonzalez.
Document 76: Telegram From the Embassy in France to the Department of State
Paris, December 6, 1962, 7 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/12-662. Confidential. Repeated to Algiers.
Document 77: National Security Action Memorandum No. 211
Washington, December 14, 1962.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 72 D 316, NSAMs. Secret. A copy was sent to the Director of the Bureau of the Budget.
Document 78: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, December 28, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria, 10/16/62-12/31/62. Secret.
Document 79: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, January 3, 1963.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 69 A 3131, Algeria, 1963. Secret.
Document 80: Paper Prepared in the Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, February 1, 1963.
Document 81: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Kennedy
Washington, undated.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Meetings and Memoranda Series, NSAMs, NSAM-21. Secret. Attached to the source text but not printed is a 14-page “Discussion of the Strategy and Action Plan for Algeria.”
Document 82: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, February 4, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, President's Office Files, Staff Memoranda, Robert W. Komer, Secret.
Document 83: National Security Action Memorandum No. 221
Washington, February 20, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Meetings and Memoranda Series, NSAMs, NSAM-21. Secret. A copy was sent to the Director of the Bureau of the Budget.
Document 84: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President
Washington, July 15, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria, 6/63-9/63. Confidential. A marginal handwritten notation reads: “(Taken from Pres. weekend reading dtd 7/19/63—Tab 6)”.
Document 85: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, July 24, 1963, 4:15 p.m.
Source: Department of State, President's Memoranda of Conversation: Lot 66 D 149. Confidential. Drafted by Witman and approved by the White House on August 7. The conversation was held at the White House. Earlier on July 24, Komer sent a briefing memorandum to the President suggesting that he take the time for some serious talk with the new Algerian Ambassador, who was one of Ben Bella's closest confidants. Komer proposed that the President focus on the need for Algeria to put its economy, which was in near chaos, in order before anyone else could do much to help, and on U.S. problems with Castro and how Algeria's relations with Cuba raised difficulties for nations that wanted to help Algeria. (Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria, 6/63-9/63)
Document 86: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, September 19, 1963, 9:30 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 ALG. Confidential. Drafted by Porter and approved by the White House on September 23. The conversation was held at the White House.
Document 87: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, October 14, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Algeria. Secret. The source text indicates two attachments: A memorandum from Read to Bundy, October 14, which discussed the revolt in the Kabylia region of Algeria, which had begun on September 29, and the Algerian-Moroccan border conflict, which had escalated since the first serious armed clash on October 8 (Department of State, Central Files, POL 26 ALG); and telegram 734 from Algiers, which advised against sending a high-level U.S. delegation to the Algerian ceremonies planned for November 1, the anniversary of the outbreak of Algeria's revolution in 1954, which Communist governments intended to attend at the ministerial level (Ibid., POL 17-4 ALG).
Document 88: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, November 7, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, President's Office Files, Morocco Security, 1960-1963. Secret.
Document 89: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Algeria
Washington, November 8, 1963, 8:59 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32-1 ALG-MOR. Confidential. Drafted by Hooper, cleared by Baldwin and Komer, and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Paris, Rabat, Addis Ababa, USUN, and Moscow.
Document 90: National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, November 27, 1963
Source: Central Intelligence Agency, Job 79 R 01012A, Box 242. Secret. According to a note on the cover sheet, the estimate was prepared by the CIA and the intelligence organizations of the Departments of State, Defense, the Army, the Navy, the Air Force, and NSA. All members of the U.S. Intelligence Board concurred in this estimate on November 27 except the Atomic Energy Commission Representative and the Assistant Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, who abstained because the subject was outside their jurisdiction.
Document 91: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tripoli, Libya
Washington, April 26, 1961, 7:45 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/4-2461. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Root, cleared by Brown, and approved by Penfield. As a result of the transfer of the Government of Libya from Benghazi to Tripoli, the Embassy was transferred to Tripoli effective January 25, 1960, with a branch office in Benghazi. Telegraphic traffic between Libya and the Department of State addressed both Tripoli and Benghazi as Embassies.
Document 92: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tripoli, Libya
Washington, August 25, 1961, 9:09 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.56311/8-2561. Secret. Drafted by Post (AF) and Junkermann (DOD); cleared by MacKnight, Newman, and Kilduff; and approved by Witman. Also sent to Benghazi.
Document 93: Telegram From the Embassy in Benghazi, Libya, to the Department of State
Benghazi, October 22, 1961, 3 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 110.15-WI/10-2261. Confidential.
Document 94: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Kennedy
Washington, June 15, 1962.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.11/6-1562. Confidential. Drafted by Post (AF/AFN) on June 12 and approved by the White House on June 22.
Document 95: Letter From Secretary of Defense McNamara to the Libyan Minister of Defense (Belkhair)
Washington, June 25, 1962.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 65 A 3501, Libya 000.1-121, 1962. Secret. No drafting information appears on the source text. The text of this letter was sent to McNamara under cover of a memorandum from Nitze indicating that the letter had been prepared in response to McNamara's instructions. McNamara personally delivered the letter to Belkhair on June 25.
Document 96: Editorial Note
Document 97: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, October 15, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Libya, 9/62-12/62. Top Secret. Briefing papers cited in this memorandum are ibid., Crown Prince Hasan Briefing Book, 10/6/62-10/24/62.
Document 98: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Benghazi, Libya
Washington, October 19, 1962, 6:11 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.11/10-1962. Confidential. Drafted by Post on October 18; cleared by Carr, Jones, Steele, and Junkermann (DOD), Gookin, and Slater; and approved by Newsom. Also sent to Tripoli and pouched to London, Paris for the Embassy and USCINCEUR.
Document 99: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Benghazi, Libya
Washington, October 19, 1962, 7:01 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.5/10-1962. Confidential. Drafted by Post on October 18; cleared by Jones, Junkermann (DOD), Wolf, and Mossler; and approved by Newsom. Also sent to Tripoli and repeated to Paris for USCINCEUR.
Document 100: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, October 31, 1962.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 65 A 3501, Libya 123.7-686, 1962. Secret. An appendix containing specific JCS and OSD comments on a July 1962 draft of the U.S. Army Survey Team Report on Libya is attached but not printed.
Document 101: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tripoli, Libya
Washington, November 23, 1962, 3:25 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Conference Files: Lot 65 D 533, Visit of Libyan Crown Prince, Oct. 16-24, 1962. Confidential. Drafted by Carr and McClanahan on November 19; cleared by Mossler, Kent, and Hinman; and approved by Hutchinson.
Document 102: Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Bundy) to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, December 1, 1962.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 65 A 3501, Libya 000.1-121, 1962. Secret. Attached is a transmittal note from Bundy to McNamara that reads: “The attached seeks your approval by Monday noon in order to meet a political deadline which has just arisen. Subsequent to writing this, I have seen JCS comments which would accept the lower of the alternatives considered. However, I would myself still accept the State judgment that we cannot keep matters sweet in Libya at that figure. The issue is essentially political.”
Document 103: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Benghazi, Libya
Washington, June 29, 1963, 2:22 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 LIBYA-US. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by McClanahan, cleared by Tasca, and approved by Witman. Repeated to Tripoli.
Document 104: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Benghazi, Libya
Washington, July 26, 1963, 3:40 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, AID (US) LIBYA. Limited Official Use. Drafted by McClanahan, cleared by Walker, and approved by Witman. Repeated to Tripoli.
Document 105: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, September 6, 1963.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15, LIBYA-US. Secret. Drafted by Stookey on September 5. Attached to the source text is telegram 262 to Benghazi, Document 103.
Document 106: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, September 28, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Libya 1963. Secret.
Document 107: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tripoli, Libya
Washington, October 7, 1963, 3:26 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 LIBYA. Secret; Priority. Drafted by McClanahan; cleared by Newsom, Walker, McKesson, Junkermann (DOD), Komer, and Warren; and approved by Williams. Repeated to Benghazi.
Document 108: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Kennedy
Washington, February 17, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 771.5/2-1761. Secret; Presidential Handling. Drafted by Root. A handwritten notation on the source text states that the proposal contained in the memorandum was approved by the White House on February 17. The source text is attached to a memorandum from James K. Penfield (AF) to Secretary Rusk recommending that he send the memorandum to the President along with an accompanying draft letter from President Kennedy to King Mohammed V.
Document 109: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, February 18, 1961, 6:49 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 771.5622/1-1861. Secret; Niact; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Root; cleared by Grantham (DOD), Bell, Penfield, and Veliotes; and approved by Hare.
Document 110: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Kennedy
Washington, February 24, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Morocco, 1/61-10/61. Secret.
Document 111: Memorandum From the Department of State Executive Secretary (Stoessel) to the President's Special Assistant (Dungan)
Washington, February 27, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770V.00/2-2761. Confidential. Drafted by McClintic and Root on February 24 and cleared by Ferguson, Root, Penfield, and Hartley and in substance with Lindquist. The source text is attached to a transmittal note from Stoessel to Dungan noting that the Acting Secretary had seen and concurred in the enclosed memorandum on Mauretania.
Document 112: Memorandum From Acting Secretary of State Bowles to President Kennedy
Washington, March 28, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 771.56311/3-2861. Secret. Drafted by Root on March 22 and cleared by Williams and McGhee.
Document 113: National Security Action Memorandum No. 34
Washington, April 5, 1961.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 72 D 316, NSAM 34. Secret.
Document 114: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, April 14, 1961, 9 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 771.5-MSP/3-2861. Secret. Drafted by McClintic, cleared by Junkermann, (DOD), and approved by Witman. Repeated to Paris, Madrid, and CINCEUR.
Document 115: Memorandum Prepared by the Director of Operations for Politico-Military Affairs (Newman)
Washington, May 2, 1961.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 72 D 316, NSAM 34. Secret. Cleared (in substance) by Williams, Johnson, Gullion, Bell, and Bohlen. The Director of Operations administered a special component for politico-military affairs that served under Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs U. Alexis Johnson. This memorandum was transmitted under cover of a memorandum from Battle to Ralph Dungan at the White House which noted that NSAM No. 34 had directed the Department to explore recommendations for a new policy on the Moroccan bases and to seek the views of the Department of Defense, the CIA, and the ICA. Following preliminary discussions with Paul Nitze of Defense, the Department believed that further examination of the military considerations involved was needed before balanced recommendations taking into account political, military, and intelligence requirements could be made to the President. In the meantime, it was forwarding this interim memorandum on the subject, which had been cleared by Secretary Rusk. (Ibid.) Further documentation on the follow-up to NSAM No. 34 is ibid.
Document 116: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, May 26, 1961, 8:06 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 771.56311/5-2661. Secret; Limit Distribution. Drafted by McClintic and Root; cleared by Bronez (DOD), Templeton (ICA), Brown, Bohlen, and Newman; and approved by Williams. Repeated to Paris and Madrid.
Document 117: Memorandum From the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Gilpatric) to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (Lemnitzer)
Washington, June 28, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 64 A 2382, Morocco, 680.1 Jan.-Aug. 1961. Secret. Drafted by Lang on June 23. Attached to a July 27 memorandum from Assistant Secretary of Defense NITZE to Secretary of Defense McNamara recommending that he sign the attached memorandum to the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
Document 118: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, July 13, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD/ISA Files: FRC 64 A 2382, 680.1 Morocco. Top Secret. Attached to the source text but not printed are: Appendix A, “State of Post-1963 Military Requirements for Bases in Morocco”; Appendix B, “Possible Courses of Action To Achieve Military Objectives in Morocco”; and Appendix C, “Suggested Bargaining Positions in Possible Negotiations With Morocco.”
Document 119: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of the Navy (Fay) to President Kennedy
Washington, July 17, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Morocco, 1/61-10/61. Secret. Attached to a transmittal note from Kenneth O'Donnell to Bundy stating: “The President would like you to read this and give him the benefit of your thinking as rapidly as possible.” A handwritten notation says “done.” (Ibid.)
Document 120: Paper Prepared by the Ambassador to Morocco (Bonsal)
Rabat, August 14, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.71/8-1461. Attached to a transmittal memorandum from Bonsal to Director of the Office of North African Affairs Witman, dated August 14. On August 24, a copy of Bonsal's recommendations was sent to Robert Komer at the White House. (Ibid., 611.71/8-2461)
Document 121: Memorandum From Secretary of Defense McNamara to the Secretary of the Air Force (Zuckert)
Washington, September 23, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 66 A 3542, Morocco 686, 10 Jan 62. Secret. Drafted by Lang. Attached to a memorandum from Acting Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs William P. Bundy to Secretary McNamara recommending that he sign the attached response to Secretary Zuckert's memorandum, and noting that if he and Under Secretary Bowles approved, the proposed offer would be conveyed to the President.
Document 122: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, September 25, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Meetings and Memoranda Series, NSAM 34. No classification marking.
Document 123: National Security Action Memorandum No. 102
Washington, October 6, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 64 A 2382, Morocco, 680.1 Sept.-Dec. 1961. Secret. Information copies were sent to the Secretary of the Treasury, the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, the Director of the U.S. Information Agency, the Director of the Bureau of the Budget, the Administrator of the Agency for International Development, and the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration.
Document 124: Editorial Note
Document 125: Memorandum Prepared in the Department of Defense
Washington, October 25, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 64 A 2382, Morocco, 680.1, Sept.-Dec. 1961. Secret. Attached to a memorandum from the Director of Foreign Military Rights Affairs, William E. Lang, to William Witman, stating that the Department of Defense had undertaken to provide a memorandum on its specific post-1963 communications requirements and the ways in which the facilities in Morocco might be converted without jeopardizing the military mission. Noting that the attached memorandum had been cleared in Defense, Lang asked that it be forwarded to Ambassador Bonsal as a basis for discussion with the Moroccans concerning post-1963 communications arrangements. A copy of the memorandum was transmitted to Bonsal on November 9. (Instruction CW-4125; Department of State, Central Files, 771.56311/11-961) On December 5, the Ambassador responded that it was clear from the record of all previous conversations with the King that he assumed that continued operation of the communications sites after 1963 would be predicated upon generous U.S. assistance. Thus, the Embassy was convinced that any proposal to Hassan should be in the form of a comprehensive package covering in detail U.S. post-1963 needs and spelling out the advantages to Morocco of U.S. technical and economic aid. (Telegram 933 from Rabat; ibid., 771.56311/12-561)
Document 126: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, December 5, 1961, 11:07 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 033.7111/12-561. Secret; Niact. Drafted by McClintic on December 1, cleared by Manfull and Smith (White House), and approved by Witman. Also sent to POLAD CINCSAC, Madrid, Paris, and CINCEUR.
Document 127: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, January 5, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Meetings and Memoranda Series, NSAM 121. Secret. Attached to the source text is a transmittal note from Komer to Bundy, saying that the President should be informed immediately since an Air Force colonel was ready to leave for Morocco. Komer added: “I also plan NSAM asking for progress report on Moroccan base question to force State to plan scheme for getting assurances at appropriate point.” Another note to Bundy, attached to the source text and signed with the initials “ab,” noted that Komer was very anxious to know the President's reaction and that the Department of Defense was postponing sending the colonel to Rabat until it knew that the President had no objection.
Document 128: National Security Action Memorandum No. 121
Washington, January 10, 1962.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 72 D 316, NSAM 121. Secret. Copies were sent to the Secretary of Defense and Director, AID.
Document 129: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, January 29, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Meetings and Memoranda Series, Staff Memoranda, Robert W. Komer. Secret.
Document 130: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, February 9, 1962, 1:34 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 771.5622/1-2762. Secret. Drafted by McClintic, cleared by Whitfield (DOD), and approved by Witman. Repeated to Madrid, Paris, CINCEUR, and CINCSAC for POLAD.
Document 131: Editorial Note
Document 132: Memorandum From Acting Secretary of State Ball to President Kennedy
Washington, March 15, 1962.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 771.11/3-1562. Secret. Drafted by McClintic on March 8. A typed notation on the source text indicates that the memorandum was approved by the President on March 23.
Document 133: Telegram From the Embassy in Morocco to the Department of State
Rabat, April 2, 1962, 5 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 771.56311/4-262. Secret; Limit Distribution.
Document 134: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, April 4, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Meetings and Memoranda Series, Staff Memoranda, Robert W. Komer. Secret.
Document 135: Editorial Note
Document 136: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, April 18, 1962, 7:22 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 771.56/4-1662. Secret; Niact; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Witman, Root, and McClintic; cleared by Wolfe, Newman, Valliere, Tasca, and Whitfield (DOD); and approved by Fredericks. Repeated to Paris, Madrid, CINCEUR, and CINCSAC for POLAD.
Document 137: Telegram From the Embassy in Morocco to the Department of State
Rabat, May 4, 1962, 4 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 771.56/5-462. Secret; Priority; Limit Distribution. Repeated to Madrid, Paris, CINCEUR, and CINCSAC for POLAD.
Document 138: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, August 3, 1962.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 66 A 3542, Morocco, 686, 10 Jan 1962. Top Secret.
Document 139: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, August 21, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Morocco, 7/62-12/62. Secret.
Document 140: Memorandum From the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Gilpatric) to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (Lemnitzer)
Washington, September 28, 1962.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 65 A 3501, Morocco, 400.3295, 1962. Secret. Copies were sent to the Secretary of the Air Force and the Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs.
Document 141: Letter From the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Gilpatric) to the Under Secretary of State (Ball)
Washington, December 26, 1962.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 771.56311/12-2662. Secret.
Document 142: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, January 7, 1963.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 67 A 4564, Morocco, 333-680.1, 1963. Secret. Drafted by Roland A. Paul of the Office of Foreign Military Rights Affairs, Bureau of International Security Affairs, Department of Defense, on January 9. Copies were sent to William Bundy and Sloan.
Document 143: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, January 31, 1963.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 67 A 4564, Morocco, 333-680.1, 1963. Secret. Also sent to William Bundy, Hutchinson, and Kitchen, with a copy for Witman.
Document 144: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, March 4, 1963, 6:35 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 MOR-US. Secret. Drafted by Newsom and Lang (DOD); cleared by Bundy (DOD), Bell (AID), Newman, and Witman; and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Paris for USCINCEUR and London for USNAVEUR.
Document 145: Memorandum From the Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Johnson) to the Administrator of the Agency for International Development (Bell)
Washington, March 16, 1963.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 MOR-US. Secret. Drafted by Warren.
Document 146: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, March 25, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Morocco, Hassan Visit. Secret.
Document 147: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, March 26, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Morocco, Hassan Visit. Secret. Drafted by Komer.
Document 148: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, March 27, 1963, 4:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 MOR-US. Secret. Drafted by Glenn on March 28 and approved by the White House on April 1. The meeting was held at the White House. Documentation on King Hassan's visit, including memoranda of conversation and substantive correspondence, is ibid., Conference Files: Lot 66 D 110, CF 2235.
Document 149: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, March 28, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Morocco, Hassan Visit. Secret. A handwritten notation by Komer on the source text reads: “Mac—I gave this to Pres. but I don't think I'll win.”
Document 150: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, March 30, 1963, 3:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL MOR-US. Secret; Limit Distribution; Noforn. Drafted by Newsom; cleared by Ferguson, Fredericks, Witman, Rowe, and Rusk (in draft); and approved by Newsom. Repeated to Algiers, Paris, Madrid, London for USNAVEUR, CINCEUR, and POLAD CINCSAC.
Document 151: National Security Action Memorandum No. 232
Washington, April 5, 1963.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 72 D 316, NSAM 232. Secret. A copy was sent to Kermit Gordon.
Document 152: Memorandum from Secretary of State Rusk to President Kennedy
Washington, May 8, 1963.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 MOR. Secret.
Document 153: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, August 2, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Morocco. Top Secret.
Document 154: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, August 7, 1963, 6:39 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 MOR-US. Secret; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Newsom; cleared by Hilliker, Komer, and Hinman (AID); and approved by Fredericks.
Document 155: Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Regional Affairs (Sloan) to the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Gilpatric)
Washington, September 25, 1963.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 67 A 4564, Morocco, 333-680.1, 1963. Secret.
Document 156: Letter From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Bundy) to the Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Johnson)
Washington, October 31, 1963.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 MOR-US. Confidential.
Document 157: Editorial Note
Document 158: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in France
Washington, January 31, 1961, 10:13 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 772.56/1-3161. Confidential. Drafted by McBride; cleared by Witman, Easum, and Swank; and approved by McBride. Also sent to Tunis.
Document 159: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, February 14, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 772.11/3-1761. Confidential. Drafted by Root and Chase. The source text is attached to a memorandum from Secretary Rusk to President Kennedy noting that in view of the President's interest in Tunisia's economic problems and in the U.S. assistance program there, Rusk felt that Kennedy would wish to read the enclosed memorandum from Assistant Secretary Williams on the subject.
Document 160: Telegram from the Department of State to the Embassy in Tunisia
Washington, April 20, 1961, 7:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 772.11/4-1861. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Chase and Adams, cleared in substance by Tasca, and approved by Witman.
Document 161: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tunisia
Washington, April 24, 1961, 9:20 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 751S.00/4-2461. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Chase; cleared by Brown, Collopy, and Fredericks; and approved by Witman.
Document 162: Background Paper Prepared in the Office of Northern African Affairs
Washington, April 27, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Conference Files: Lot 65 D 366, CF 1853-1854. Confidential. Drafted by Chase and cleared by Williams, Root, and Valdes. This paper was part of the Briefing Book prepared for President Bourguiba's visit to Washington May 3-5, 1961.
Document 163: Presidential Determination No. 61-26
Washington, May 5, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 772.56/5-361. Secret.
Document 164: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to Certain Diplomatic Posts
Washington, May 16, 1961, 1:09 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.72/5-1661. Confidential. Drafted by Chase, cleared by Brown and Manfull, and approved by Witman. Sent to Paris, Tunis, Rabat, Cairo, Ankara (Niact), and London.
Document 165: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in France
Washington, July 19, 1961, 9:37 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 772.56351/7-1461. Secret. Drafted by McClintic, cleared by Valdes, and approved by Witman. Also sent to Tunis and repeated to Rabat, Algiers, and USUN.
Document 166: Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Tasca) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, July 20, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 330/7-2061. Confidential. Drafted by McClintic.
Document 167: Editorial Note
Document 168: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in France
Washington, July 25, 1961, 8:26 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 332.70G/7-2561. Confidential. Drafted by Pelcovits, cleared by Blue and Root, and approved by Cleveland. Passed to CINCEUR and to USUN and Tunis.
Document 169: Editorial Note
Document 170: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in France
Washington, August 3, 1961, 9:51 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 772.00/8-361. Secret; Priority; Noforn. Drafted by McClintic; cleared by Fredericks, Witman, Cleveland, Grant, and Tyler; and approved by Rusk. Also sent to Tunis, Rabat, London, and USUN.
Document 171: Telegram from Secretary of State Rusk to the Department of State
Paris, August 5, 1961, 1 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 772.56351/8-561. Secret; Niact. Repeated to Tunis and USUN.
Document 172: Telegram From Secretary of State Rusk to the Department of State
Paris, August 8, 1961, 9 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 772.56351/8-861. Secret.
Document 173: Memorandum From the President's Special Assistant (Schlesinger) to the Representative to the United Nations (Stevenson)
Washington, August 23, 1961.
Source: Princeton University Library, Stevenson Papers, Embassy Files, Tunisia. No classification marking.
Document 174: Editorial Note
Document 175: Letter From the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Gilpatric) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, August 28, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 772.56311/8-2861. Confidential.
Document 176: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tunisia
Washington, August 28, 1961, 8:09 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 772.56351/8-2861. Confidential; Niact; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Witman; cleared by Tyler, Veliotes, Wallner, Fredericks, Ball, and Schlesinger; and approved by Johnson. Repeated to Paris and USUN.
Document 177: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in France
Washington, September 1, 1961, 7:33 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 772.56351/8-2661. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Brown; cleared by Tyler, Manfull, Wallner, Ball, Fredericks, and Smith (White House); and approved by Ball. Repeated to Tunis and USUN.
Document 178: Telegram From Secretary of State Rusk to the Department of State
New York, September 26, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 772.56351/9-2661. Confidential. No time of transmission appears on the source text. Repeated to Paris and Tunis.
Document 179: Telegram From the Embassy in Benghazi, Libya to the Department of State
Benghazi, October 20, 1961, 5 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 110.15-WI/10-2061. Confidential. Repeated to Tunis, Paris, and Khartoum for Williams.
Document 180: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in France
Washington, November 3, 1961, 8:18 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 772.56351/10-2861. Confidential. Drafted by Stackhouse, cleared by Imhof, and approved by Witman. Repeated to Tunis.
Document 181: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in France
Washington, January 10, 1962, 6:37 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 772.56351/1-1062. Confidential. Drafted by Stackhouse, cleared by Imhof, and approved by Witman. Repeated to Tunis.
Document 182: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kaysen)
Washington, June 26, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Brubeck Series, North Africa. Confidential. Copies were sent to Dungan and Amory. A handwritten notation at the bottom of the source text, presumably by Kaysen, reads: “Agreed.”
Document 183: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tunisia
Washington, October 19, 1962, 6:57 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 773.11/10-1762. Confidential. Drafted by Stackhouse, cleared by Whitfield (DOD) and Ellis (AID), and approved by Witman.
Document 184: Report Prepared by the Fourth Interdepartmental Survey Group for President Kennedy
Washington, April 19, 1963.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 70 D 265, Report for the President on Liberia and Tunisia. Secret. The source text comprises pp. VII-IX of the Summary. The report was transmitted to President Kennedy under cover of a memorandum from Secretary Rusk indicating that the report had been prepared by the Fourth Interdepartmental Survey Group sent to Liberia and Tunisia as part of the Department of State response to NSAM No. 173 of July 18, 1962, which had directed the Secretary of State “to initiate, in consultation with the Special Group (Counter-Insurgency) a program of field visits by senior interdepartmental teams.” (Ibid.) A February 4, 1963, letter from Rusk to Ambassador Russell explaining the mission of the survey group coming to Tunisia noted that the President had expressed a keen interest in assuring closer ties between country team planning and operations and the Washington agencies and departments which participated in U.S. programs in developing countries. (Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 US-AFR)
Document 185: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, July 15, 1963.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 FR-TUN. Confidential. Drafted by Stackhouse on July 18 and approved in S on July 25. The source text is the third of five memoranda of conversation of discussions between Secretary Rusk and Foreign Minister Slim on July 15. The other four memoranda of conversation are ibid., POL 10 PORT, POL 7 ETH, DEF 18-3 USSR, and AID (US) TUN.
Document 186: Paper Prepared in the Bureau of African Affairs
Washington, September 11, 1963.
Source: Department of State, Conference Files: Lot 66 D 110, CF 2326. Confidential. Drafted by Stackhouse and cleared by Brown, Heffner (DOD), Hilliker, and Rives. Prepared for the 18th Session of the U.N. General Assembly.
Document 187: National Security Action Memorandum No. 16
Washington, February 13, 1961.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 72 D 316, NSAMs, NSAM 16. Top Secret.
Document 188: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Kennedy
Washington, February 15, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.70/2-1561. Secret. No drafting information appears on the source text. An attached memorandum from George McGhee, Chairman of the Policy Planning Council, to Secretary Rusk recommends that the Secretary sign the memorandum to the President setting forth McGhee's understanding of the interpretation agreed upon at the February 9 NSC meeting by Rusk, Secretary of the Treasury Dillon, and President Kennedy.
Document 189: Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Williams) to the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Policy Planning (Rowen)
Washington, April 5, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 65 A 3501, Africa 000.1-091.4, 1961. Confidential.
Document 190: Brief of a National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, April 11, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 65 A 3501, Africa 121-350.09, 1961. Secret; Noforn. The source text was transmitted to Secretary of Defense McNamara under cover of a memorandum from Major General Robert A. Breitweiser, USAF Director for Intelligence, that reads: “On 11 April 1961, the United States Intelligence Board approved an Estimate on ‘Probable Developments in Colonial Africa' (NIE 60/70-61). A Brief of this Estimate is attached for your information in advance of the regular distribution which will be forthcoming.”
Document 191: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, April 28, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 65 A 3464, Africa 091 (27 Jan. 61). Top Secret.
Document 192: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, April 28, 1961, 8:27 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770.00/4-2861. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Herz on April 27; cleared by Ferguson, Deming, Weiss, McBride, Spiers, Witman, Burdett, Penfield, and Webb; and approved by Williams. Also sent to Paris and repeated to Abidjan, Lagos, and Monrovia.
Document 193: Letter From the Under Secretary of State (Bowles) to the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Gilpatric)
Washington, May 3, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 65 A 3464, Africa 000.92-Africa, 452, 1961. Secret.
Document 194: Memorandum From the President's Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Rostow) to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, May 13, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Brubeck Series, Africa. Secret.
Document 195: Memorandum of Conversation
Paris, May 31, 1961, 2:50 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Conference Files: Lot 66 D 110, President's Visit to France, 5/31-6/2/61. II. MEMCONS. Secret. Drafted by Glenn. The conversation took place at the Elysee Palace. President Kennedy visited France and met with President Charles de Gaulle May 31-June 2, 1961. Their discussions were recorded in eight memoranda of conversation. (Ibid.)
Document 196: Paper Prepared by the Policy Planning Council
Washington, July 24, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770.5-MSP/8-261. Confidential. The source text was transmitted to Secretary Rusk under cover of an August 2 memorandum from George McGhee, Chairman of the Policy Planning Council, that reads: “The attached paper entitled ‘Selected Aspects of US Economic Aid Policy Toward Africa' was initiated and prepared in S/P. After review in S/P it was circulated to the interested Bureaus and Offices of the Department and ICA for information and comment. An earlier version of this study was discussed at your Thursday policy planing meeting on June 29, presided over by Under Secretary Bowles. The revised version is now sent to you for your consideration.”
Document 197: Letter From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Williams) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, August 17, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 64 A 2382, Africa 400.12-680.1, 1961. Secret. Drafted by McQuade and Junkermann.
Document 198: National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, August 31, 1961.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency, DCI Files, Job 79 R 1012, Box 189. Secret.
Document 199: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, September 5, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 66 A 3542, Africa, 1962. Secret.
Document 200: Report Prepared by Samuel E. Belk of the National Security Council Staff
Washington, September 25, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Africa, General. Secret. The report was sent under cover of a memorandum from McGeorge Bundy to the President's Naval Aide, Captain Shepard, that reads: “Attached is Soapy Williams' report of his last trip. Sam Belk of our office has put a 4-page summary on top, and I think that is all you need to read.” The report of Assistant Secretary Williams on his second trip to Africa August 8-September 1 is in Department of State, Central Files, 110.5-WI/9-961.
Document 201: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to the Under Secretary of State (Bowles)
Washington, September 29, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770.5-MSP/9-2961. Official Use Only. Drafted by Troxel and sent through the Executive Secretariat. Copies were sent to Hartman (B) and Toner (AID).
Document 202: Letter From the Consultative Group on Arms Limitation in Africa to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, October 23, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770.5/10-2361. Confidential.
Document 203: Letter From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Williams) to the Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Johnson)
Washington, October 26, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770.5411/10-2661. Secret.
Document 204: Memorandum on the Substance of Discussions at the Department of State-Joint Chiefs of Staff Meeting
Washington, January 5, 1962, 11:30 a.m.
Source: Department of State, State-JCS Meetings: Lot 70 D 328. Top Secret. The meeting was held at the Pentagon. No drafting information appears on the source text, which bears a typewritten notation that it is a Department of State draft not cleared with the Department of Defense.
Document 205: Memorandum Prepared by the Joint Chiefs of Staff
Washington, January 31, 1962.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 65 A 3501, 092 Africa, Jan.-Mar., 1962. Secret. This memorandum forms the appendix to a memorandum from the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara, January 31. The January 31 covering memorandum indicates that the memorandum printed here was written in response to a January 4 request from the Acting Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs for recommendations on substantive courses of action designed to counter Sino-Soviet penetration of Ghana, Guinea, and Mali. The memorandum advises that the Joint Chiefs had re-examined measures they had recommended in the past, as well as others being pursued or planned by the Department of State, and were submitting the results of their review in the attached appendix. They recommended that the Secretary of Defense transmit the substance of the appendix to the Department of State and urged that it be considered by a State-Defense Ad Hoc Committee. On March 9, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense Bundy transmitted the memorandum and its appendix to Assistant Secretary Williams under cover of a letter calling it “a sensible and useful paper.” Bundy stated that he was prepared to accept Williams' judgment as to whether an ad hoc committee would be useful, but noted that a continuing watch might have some usefulness. (Ibid.)
Document 206: Memorandum From the Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research (Hilsman) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, May 9, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Meetings and Memoranda Series, NSC/Standing Group Meetings, 5/1/62-5/17/62. Secret. Sent through the Executive Secretariat. A handwritten note in the margin in an unknown hand indicates that copies were sent to Kaysen, Dungan, Klein, and Komer.
Document 207: Memorandum From the Special Assistant to the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Achilles) to the Under Secretary (McGhee)
Washington, May 10, 1962.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 70 D 265, NSC Standing Group Meeting, May 11, 1962. Secret.
Document 208: Record of Actions Taken at a Standing Group Meeting of the National Security Council
Washington, May 11, 1962.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 70 D 265, NSC Standing Group, May 11, 1962. Secret. Copies were sent to McGhee, Gilpatric, McCone, Bundy (White House), Halaby (FAA), Bell (BOB), Boyd (CAB), and Bromley Smith (NSC).
Document 209: Letter From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Bundy) to the Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Johnson)
Washington, July 6, 1962.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770.54/7-662. Secret.
Document 210: National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, July 11, 1962.
Source: Department of State, INR-NIE Files. Secret. According to a note on the cover sheet: “The following intelligence organizations participated in the preparation of this estimate: The Central Intelligence Agency and the intelligence organizations of the Departments of State, Defense, the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force.” All members of the U.S. Intelligence Board concurred in this estimate on July 11, except the Atomic Energy Commission Representative and the Assistant Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, who abstained on the grounds that the subject was outside their jurisdiction.
Document 211: Position Paper Prepared in the Office of the Secretary of State
Washington, undated.
Source: Department of State, Conference Files: Lot 65 D 533, CF 2160. Confidential. Drafted by Stoffel and cleared by McGhee, Lister, Russell, Wolfe, Ramsey, and FitzGerald. Prepared for Secretary Rusk's delegation attending the 17th Session of the U.N. General Assembly in September.
Document 212: Telegram From the Mission to the United Nations to the Department of State
New York, September 20, 1962, 8 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770.00/9-2062. Confidential; Priority.
Document 213: Memorandum From the Director of the United States Information Agency (Murrow) to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, December 5, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Africa. No classification marking.
Document 214: Memorandum From the President's Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kaysen) to the President's Assistant Special Counsel (White)
Washington, December 17, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Africa, Memoranda and Miscellaneous, 11/62-2/63. No classification marking.
Document 215: Letter From the Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Nitze) to the Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Johnson)
Washington, February 15, 1963.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 67 A 4564, 091.3 Africa. Confidential. Drafted by Junkermann and Sloan. A copy was sent to Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs Williams.
Document 216: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, February 25, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Brubeck Series, Africa. Confidential.
Document 217: Memorandum From the President's Special Assistant (Dungan) to President Kennedy
Washington, March 6, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, President's Office Files, Staff Memoranda, Dungan, Ralph A., 1/63-5/63. No classification marking.
Document 218: Paper Prepared in the Department of Defense
Washington, undated.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 73 A 2226, Strategic Importance of Africa. Secret. The source text is attached to a memorandum from Colonel Howard C. Junkermann, USAF, to Lieutenant Colonel C.C. Robinson, Defense Intelligence Agency, Commander H.A. Cummings, Department of the Navy, Lieutenant Colonel E.G. Tanassy, Department of the Air Force, and J.J. Blake, Department of the Army. Junkermann indicated that the paper was drafted by Fred Greene, and would be used as a basis for discussion at a forthcoming conference to be held at Georgetown University on May 25. No record of the group's discussion has been found.
Document 219: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to Certain African Posts
Washington, May 28, 1963, 6:41 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 ETH. Confidential. Drafted by Sherry, cleared by Hadsel, and approved by Tasca. Sent to Abidjan, Accra, Addis Ababa, Algiers, Bamako, Bangui, Benghazi, Tripoli, Brazzaville, Conakry, Cotonou, Dakar, Dar-es-Salaam, Fort Lamy, Freetown, Kampala, Khartoum, Kigali, Lagos, Leopoldville, Libreville, Lome, Lourenco Marques, Luanda, Mogadiscio, Monrovia, Nairobi, Niamey, Nouakchott, Ouagadougou, Cape Town, Rabat, Salisbury, Tananarive, Tunis, Usumbura, Yaounde, and Zanzibar.
Document 220: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, May 31, 1963.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 69 A 3131, Africa, 1963. Secret.
Document 221: Editorial Note
Document 222: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, November 23, 1963.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 AFR-US. Confidential. Drafted by Elbert G. Mathews.
Document 223: Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Penfield) to the Under Secretary of State (Bowles)
Washington, February 17, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 845J.2614/2-1761. Confidential. Drafted by Eisenberg and cleared by Ferguson, Kenney, and Kerr.
Document 224: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Kennedy
Washington, March 7, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745J.11/3-761. No classification marking. Drafted by Toomey on March 6 and cleared by Penfield, Cleveland, Bell, Kohler, and NITZE. A handwritten notation on the source text reads: “hand carried to WH by AF/Penfield 3/7/61 per R Perkins.”
Document 225: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, March 8, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745J.11/3-861. Secret. Drafted by Penfield on March 9 and approved by the White House on March 21. The conversation was held at the White House.
Document 226: Memorandum From the Special Assistant to the Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs (Springsteen) to the Assistant Secretary of State for Economic Affairs (Martin)
Washington, May 16, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 845J.2614/5-1661. Confidential. Drafted by Springsteen. Copies were sent to Williams, Linder (Export-Import Bank), and Coffin (DLF).
Document 227: Letter From President Kennedy to President Nkrumah
Washington, June 29, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 845J.2614/6-2961. Confidential.
Document 228: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ghana
Washington, August 4, 1961, 8:34 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 845J.2614/7-2761. Confidential. Drafted by Kenney, cleared by Padberg, and approved by Kerr.
Document 229: Editorial Note
Document 230: Memorandum From the President's Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Rostow) to President Kennedy
Washington, September 13, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Meetings and Memoranda Series, NSAMs, NSAM 89. Secret.
Document 231: Memorandum From the Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research (Hilsman) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, September 14, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Ghana. Secret; Noforn. On September 15, Battle forwarded a copy of the memorandum to McGeorge Bundy at the White House under cover of a memorandum that reads: “Enclosed is a paper prepared in the Department which might be of interest to you.”
Document 232: Memorandum of Telephone Conversation Between President Kennedy and the Acting Under Secretary of State (Ball)
Washington, September 21, 1961, 6:40 p.m.
Source: Kennedy Library, Ball Papers, Ghana, Volta Project. No classification marking.
Document 233: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ghana
Washington, September 27, 1961, 8:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 845J.2614/9-2761. Secret; Priority; Verbatim Text. Drafted by Padberg and Chayes; cleared by Springsteen, Dumont, and Ferguson; and approved by Chayes. Repeated to London.
Document 234: Memorandum of Telephone Conversation Between President Kennedy and the Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs (Ball)
Washington, September 29, 1961, 11:30 a.m.
Source: Kennedy Library, Ball Papers, Ghana, Volta Project. No classification marking.
Document 235: Memorandum From the President's Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Rostow) to President Kennedy
Washington, October 2, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Ghana, Vol. I, Volta River Project, 1961. Secret. A copy was sent to Belk.
Document 236: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Chad
Washington, October 10, 1961, 8:22 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 845J.2610/10-1061. Confidential. Drafted by Foulon, cleared by Freund and Herz, and approved by Ferguson.
Document 237: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs (Ball) to President Kennedy
Washington, October 18, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Ghana. Official Use Only. No drafting information appears on the source text.
Document 238: Special National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, November 16, 1961.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency, DCI Files, Job 79 R 1012, Box 189. Secret. According to a note on the cover sheet: “The following intelligence organizations participated in the preparation of this estimate: The Central Intelligence Agency and the intelligence organizations of the Department of State, Defense, the Army, the Navy, the Air Force, and The Joint Staff.” All members of the U.S. Intelligence Board concurred in this estimate on November 16, except the Atomic Energy Representative and the Assistant Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, who abstained because the subject was outside their jurisdiction.
Document 239: Memorandum From the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) to President Kennedy
Washington, December 1, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Ghana, Vol. I, Volta River Project, 1961. Secret.
Document 240: Notes for the Record
Washington, December 5, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Meetings and Memoranda Series, National Security Council Meetings, 1961, No. 494. Top Secret. Drafted by Bundy on December 18.
Document 241: National Security Council Record of Action No. 2444
Washington, December 5, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Meetings and Memoranda Series, National Security Council Meetings, 1961, No. 494. Secret. Taken at the 494th meeting on December 5; see Document 240.
Document 242: Letter From President Kennedy to President Nkrumah
Washington, December 14, 1961.
Source: Department of State, AF/AFW Files: Lot 66 D 53, Volta Project Letters, Miscellaneous. No classification marking.
Document 243: Memorandum From the Vice President's Military Aide (Burris) to Vice President Johnson
Washington, January 31, 1962.
Source: Johnson Library, Vice President's Security File, Memoranda to Vice President from Burris. Confidential.
Document 244: Paper Prepared in the Office of West Coast and Malian Affairs
Washington, February 12, 1962.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745J.00/2-1262. Secret. Drafted by Coote on February 11. The report was transmitted to the White House under cover of a memorandum from Battle to Bundy that reads: “Enclosed is a paper on Ghanaian Subversion in Africa in response to the verbal request by Mr. Brom Smith. While it is not an all-inclusive discussion of the subject, it does contain the most significant elements of the problem. A general summarization of the situation is at the beginning of the paper. The paper has not been cleared with the CIA, but a knowledgeable CIA representative contributed his ideas on the subject prior to the drafting of the paper.” On February 7, Battle sent a memorandum to the Executive Secretariat that reads: “Mr. Brom Smith called me this afternoon to report that the President, in reading the Staff Summary for today, became extremely interested in the item on Africa entitled Ghanaian Subversion in Africa Discussed. The President would like to get on a rush basis full information on this matter including, if it would not delay preparation, anything CIA has on the subject. Can this be prepared urgently and cleared appropriately?” A handwritten notation on the memorandum reads: “AFW—Mr. Coote: S/S would like a B to B report on this within 24 hours.” (Ibid., 770.5245J/2-762)
Document 245: Paper Prepared in the National Security Council
Washington, June 13, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Brubeck Series, Ghana Subjects, Dungan File. Confidential. No drafting information appears on the source text.
Document 246: National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, October 17, 1962.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency Files, Job 79 R 01012A. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the cover sheet: “The following intelligence organizations participated in the preparation of this estimate: The Central Intelligence Agency and the intelligence organizations of the Departments of State, Defense, the Army, the Navy, the Air Force, and NSA.” All members of the U.S. Intelligence Board concurred in this estimate on October 17, except the Atomic Energy Commission Representative and the Assistant Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, who abstained because the subject was outside their jurisdiction.
Document 247: Memorandum From the President's Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kaysen) to President Kennedy
Washington, October 29, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Brubeck Series, Ghana Subjects, Kaysen Letters. Confidential.
Document 248: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to Certain African Posts
Washington, December 17, 1962, 6:55 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745J.11/12-1762. Confidential; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Dorros, cleared by Witman and Ross, and approved by Tasca. Sent to Abidjan, Dakar, Freetown, Lagos, Lome, Monrovia, Tunis, and Yaounde and repeated to Accra, Bamako, and Conakry.
Document 249: Memorandum by the President's Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kaysen)
Washington, January 24, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Brubeck Series, Ghana Subjects. Secret.
Document 250: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ghana
Washington, February 7, 1963, 8:54 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL GHANA-US. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Kaysen and Gebelt, cleared by Kent (S/S), and approved by McGhee.
Document 251: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ghana
Washington, April 26, 1963, 8:42 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 17-1 GHANA. Secret. Drafted by Fredericks and Gebelt, cleared by Fredericks and Davis, and approved by Fredericks.
Document 252: Memorandum From the Department of State Executive Secretary (Brubeck) to President Kennedy
Washington, October 30, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Brubeck Series, Ghana Subjects. Secret.
Document 253: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, November 19, 1963.
Source: Department of State, President's Memoranda of Conversation: Lot 66 D 149. Confidential. No drafting information appears on the source text. Transmitted to the White House under cover of a memorandum from Read to McGeorge Bundy, November 26, and approved by Bundy on November 27.
Document 254: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs (Ball) to Director of Central Intelligence Dulles
Washington, April 26, 1961.
Document 255: Paper Prepared by the Ambassador to Guinea (Attwood)
Washington, May 18, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Guinea, 1/61-5/61. Secret. Drafted by Attwood during his Washington consultations.
Document 256: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Guinea
Washington, June 24, 1961, 5:26 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770B.5-MSP/6-161. Secret. Drafted by Habib; cleared by Johnson, Williams, Springsteen, Bell, and Fluker and in draft by FitzGerald (ICA), Shriver (Peace Corps), Martin, and Chayes; and approved by Ball.
Document 257: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Kennedy
Washington, July 1, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770B.5-MSP/7-161. Secret. Drafted by Dumont on June 26.
Document 258: Memorandum From President Kennedy to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, July 5, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770B.5-MSP/7-561. No classification marking.
Document 259: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Kennedy
Washington, July 15, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770B.5-MSP/7-561. Secret. Drafted by Logan and Habib on July 11.
Document 260: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Guinea
Washington, January 3, 1962, 7:38 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770B.00/1-362. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Dumont, cleared by Hall (USIS) and O'Sheel, and approved by Ferguson. Repeated to Accra, Dakar, London, Bamako, Paris, and Moscow.
Document 261: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, May 10 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Guinea. Confidential. Drafted by Abrams on May 23; cleared by Hutchinson (AA/AFR), Dumont (in draft), and Tasca; and approved at the White House on June 15. The conversation took place at the White House.
Document 262: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Guinea
Washington, September 13, 1962, 8:31 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770B.11/9-1362. Secret; Priority; Limited Distribution. Drafted by Logan, cleared by Rogers, and approved by Trimble.
Document 263: Background Paper Prepared in the Agency for International Development
Washington, October 4, 1962.
Source: Department of State, Conference Files: Lot 65 D 533, CF 2173. Confidential. Drafted by Eugene Abrams and cleared by Trimble, Hutchinson (AID), and Tasca. Prepared for President Toure's visit to Washington in October.
Document 264: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, October 10, 1962, noon.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Guinea, 10/12/62-10/31/62. Confidential. Drafted by Trimble and Porson (LS) on October 11. The conversation was held at the White House.
Document 265: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, October 10, 1962, noon.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Guinea, 10/12/62-10/31/62. Confidential. Drafted by Trimble and Porson on October 12. The conversation was held at the White House.
Document 266: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, May 1, 1963, 9:30 a.m.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Guinea, 5/63. Confidential. Drafted by Porson and Trimble. The conversation was held at the White House.
Document 267: Memorandum From Samuel Belk of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Kaysen)
Washington, May 17, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Guinea. Confidential.
Document 268: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, July 19, 1963.
Source: Department of State, President's Memoranda of Conversation: Lot 66 D 149. Confidential. Drafted by Toumayan, Dean, and Poole, and approved in the White House on July 22. The conversation was held at the White House.
Document 269: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, November 12, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, President's Office Files, Guinea, Security. Confidential.
Document 270: Editorial Note
Document 271: Special National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, January 24, 1961.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency Files, DCI Files, Job 79 R 1012, Box 190. Secret. According to a note on the cover sheet: “The following intelligence organizations participated in the preparation of this estimate: The Central Intelligence Agency and the intelligence organizations of the Department of State, the Army, the Navy, the Air Force, and The Joint Staff.” All members of the U.S. Intelligence Board concurred in this estimate on January 24, except the Atomic Energy Commission Representative and the Assistant Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, who abstained because the subject was outside their jurisdiction.
Document 272: Letter From the Acting Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Penfield) to the Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Nitze)
Washington, March 7, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 775A.56311/3-761. Secret. Drafted by Allen on March 6.
Document 273: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, May 29, 1961, 9:34 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 777.5-MSP/5-2961. Secret; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Allen, cleared in draft by Williams and Moffett, and approved by Witman. Repeated to London, Mogadiscio, Rome, and Paris (by pouch).
Document 274: Memorandum From the Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research (Hilsman) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, September 8, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Somalia. Confidential/Noforn. No drafting information is given on the source text. Transmitted to the White House under cover of a memorandum from Battle to McGeorge Bundy that reads: “Enclosed is a paper prepared by the Department which may be of interest to you.”
Document 275: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, November 21, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.41/11-2161. Confidential. Drafted by Buckle on December 12.
Document 276: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, May 19, 1962, 12:20 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 775.5/5-1962. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Buckle on May 17; cleared by Whitfield (OSD/ISA), Tasca, and Wolfe in draft and by Hutchinson, Kitchen, and Bowles; and approved by Williams. Repeated to Mogadiscio and pouched to Paris for the Embassy and CINCEUR.
Document 277: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, May 19, 1962, 12:22 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 775.5/5-362. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Buckle on May 17; cleared in draft by Whitfield (OSD/ISA), Tasca, and Wolfe and by Hutchinson, Kitchen, and Bowles; and approved by Williams. Repeated to Addis Ababa.
Document 278: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, July 13, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Somalia, 1/62-10/62. Official Use Only. Drafted by Tasca.
Document 279: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, August 11, 1962, 1:05 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 777.5/8-962. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Adams on August 10; cleared by Witman, Troxel, Hamilton (AID) in draft, Snowden, FitzGerald, and Hunt; and approved by Witman. Repeated to Addis Ababa, London, and Rome.
Document 280: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, November 8, 1962, 4:02 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 775.5/11-762. Secret. Drafted by Newsom; cleared by Junkermann (OSD/ISA) in substance, Stout, and Bergesen; and approved by Tasca. Also sent to Rome and repeated to Addis Ababa.
Document 281: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, November 17, 1962, 6:16 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 675.77/11-1662. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Post; cleared in draft by Cole, Tank (AID), and Harrison (AID) and by Witman, by Godley and Whitfield (OSD/ISA) in substance; and approved by Williams. Repeated to Mogadiscio, Leopoldville, and Asmara and by pouch to USUN, London, and Rome.
Document 282: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, November 21, 1962, 9:33 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 775.00/11-1962. Confidential; Niact. Drafted by Newsom on November 20; cleared by Sisco, Junkermann (OSD/ISA), Witman, Harrison (AID), Tank, Hackler, Bergesen, and Stone; and approved by Tasca. Repeated to London, Mogadiscio, Rome, Asmara, and USUN.
Document 283: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, November 24, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, President's Office Files, Countries Series, Somali Republic. Secret.
Document 284: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, November 26, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Somalia. Secret.
Document 285: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, November 27, 1962, noon.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Somalia. Confidential. Drafted by Witman. The conversation was held at the White House. A memorandum of President Kennedy and Prime Minister Abdirascid's discussion of U.S. economic assistance to Somalia on November 27 is ibid.
Document 286: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, November 28, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Somalia. Secret.
Document 287: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, November 30, 1962, 12:22 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 033.7711/11-3062. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Newsom on November 29; cleared by Coffin (AID), Whitfield (OSD), Little, Tasca, and Bromley Smith (White House); and approved by Witman. Also sent to Addis Ababa, Rome, Bonn, and London.
Document 288: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Italy
Washington, November 30, 1962, 4:18 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 777.5/11-3062. Confidential. Drafted by Newsom on November 29; cleared by Kyle (AID), Junkermann (OSD/ISA), Stout, and Burke; and approved by Witman. Also sent to London and repeated to Addis Ababa, Mogadiscio, and Bonn.
Document 289: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, January 7, 1963, 6:19 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 777.5/11-2462. Confidential. Drafted by Post; cleared in substance by Whitfield (OSD/ISA), Tank (AID), and Kent (AID); and approved by Witman.
Document 290: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, February 26, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, President's Office Files, Staff Memoranda, Robert W. Komer. Confidential.
Document 291: Memorandum From the Department of State Executive Secretary (Brubeck) to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, March 18, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Somalia. Secret. A handwritten notation on the source text reads: “(Taken from Pres week-end reading dtd 3/23/63—Tab 1).”
Document 292: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, March 21, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Somalia. Secret. A handwritten notation on the source text reads: “(Taken from Pres week-end reading dtd 3/23/63—Tab 1).”
Document 293: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, May 23, 1963, 11:19 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 US-SOMALI. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Galanto; cleared by Newsom, Kyle (AID), Muller (AID), Whitfield (DOD), and Oulashin; and approved by Tasca. Repeated to London, Bonn, and Rome.
Document 294: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, July 3, 1963, 6:38 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 SOMALI. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Post; cleared by O'Mahony, Judd, Whitfield (DOD), Stout, Warren, Witman, and Polansky in substance and Tank (AID); and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Bonn, Rome, Mogadiscio, London, Nairobi, and Paris (also for CINCEUR).
Document 295: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, July 5, 1963, 6:56 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19-3 US-SOMALI. Confidential. Drafted by Post on July 3, cleared by Whitfield (DOD) and Kyle (AID) in substance, and approved by Witman. Repeated to Addis Ababa and Nairobi and by pouch to Rome, London, Bonn, and Paris (for CINCEUR).
Document 296: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, July 12, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Somalia. Confidential. Drafted by Komer.
Document 297: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, July 25, 1963, 12:30-12:50 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 AFR. Confidential. Drafted by Jones and Fredericks on July 31 and approved in the White House on August 12. The conversation was held at the White House.
Document 298: Memorandum From the Director of the Office of Northern African Affairs (Newsom) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, August 26, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Brubeck Series, Somalia. Confidential. Drafted by Newsom on August 24. A handwritten notation on the source text reads: “Sent to Mr. Bundy for info. Aug. 26. S.B.”
Document 299: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, September 23, 1963, 8:01 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 12 SOMALI. Confidential. Drafted by Galanto, cleared by Judd and O'Neill, and approved by Newsom. Repeated to Mogadiscio, Nairobi, Bonn, Rome, and Addis Ababa (by pouch).
Document 300: Briefing Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, September 29, 1963.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 ETH. Secret. No drafting information appears on the source text. Cleared by Bell (AID) and Gilpatric (OSD). A copy was sent to the Bureau of the Budget to meet the requirements of Presidential Determination 1550 relating to military assistance. The paper was transmitted to McGeorge Bundy under cover of a memorandum from Benjamin Read that reads: “In response to Mr. Brubeck's request there is enclosed a memorandum supplementing the briefing papers previously submitted for the visit of Emperor Haile Selassie.” A handwritten notation on this memorandum reads: “Original sent to White House on 9/29/63.”
Document 301: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, September 30, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Ethiopia, Haile Selassie's Visit, 10/63. Secret.
Document 302: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, October 1, 1963, 4:30 p.m.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Ethiopia, Haile Selassie's Visit, 10/63. Confidential. Drafted by Newsom and Korry. The meeting was held at the White House. The source text is labeled “I of III.” President Kennedy's discussion of African issues and assistance to Ethiopia with Emperor Haile Selassie on October 1 and their discussion of assistance to Ethiopia on October 2 were recorded in three memoranda of conversation that are ibid.
Document 303: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, October 11, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Somalia. Confidential.
Document 304: Editorial Note
Document 305: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Germany
Washington, October 16, 1963, 7:19 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 SOMALI. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Galanto; cleared by Robinson, O'Mahony, and Heffner (DOD); and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Rome, London, Mogadiscio, Addis Ababa, and Nairobi (by pouch).
Document 306: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, October 25, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries, Somali Republic. Confidential.
Document 307: Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Tasca) to the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Sloan) and to the Assistant Administrator for Africa-Europe, Agency for International Development (Hutchinson)
Washington, October 31, 1963.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 SOMALI. Confidential. Drafted by Galanto.
Document 308: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Germany
Washington, November 6, 1963, 6:20 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 SOMALI. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Newsom; cleared by Warren, O'Mahony, Stout, Heffner (DOD), and Wolf (AID); and approved by Tasca. Also sent priority to Rome and repeated to Mogadiscio, Addis Ababa, Paris, and London.
Document 309: National Policy Paper
Washington, December 19, 1963.
Source: Department of State, S/P Files: Lot 70 D 199, AFRICA 1963. Secret; Noforn. Prepared in the Department of State. A handwritten notation on the cover sheet of the 114-page paper reads: “Secretary approved 1/6/64” and “Part I revised by AF 3/5/65.”
Document 310: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, December 30, 1963, 4:53 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 US-SOMALI. Secret; Limited Distribution. Drafted by Galanto, cleared by Newsom, and approved by Williams.
Document 311: Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, June 28, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Africa. Secret; Noforn. Drafted by Duggan and Lewis. Sent to George McGhee and U. Alexis Johnson, Department of State; Paul Nitze, William Bundy, Henry Rowen, and Major General T.W. Parker, Department of Defense; Henry Fowler, Department of the Treasury; Richard Helms and Ray S. Cline, CIA; and McGeorge Bundy and Carl Kaysen, the White House, under cover of a memorandum from Henry Owen (S/P) that reads: “The attached paper, ‘The White Redoubt' of June 28, 1962, will be discussed at the Planning Group meeting on Tuesday, July 10.” The paper was discussed at the Secretary's Planning Meeting on July 17. A summary of the discussion is in Department of State, S/P Files: Lot 70 D 199, Departmental Organization.
Document 312: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, August 21, 1962.
Source: Department of State, AF/AFI Files: Lot 64 D 467, United Nations 17th GA, Pol 1, General Policy, US. Confidential. Drafted by Sisco and approved by the White House on August 29 and by the Office of the Secretary of State on August 27.
Document 313: Telegram From the Embassy in the United Kingdom to the Department of State
London, December 6, 1962, 7 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770.00/12-662. Confidential.
Document 314: Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, March 25, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Africa. Confidential. Drafted by Foulon, Sanger, and Mathews. Transmitted to Planning Group members on April 17 under cover of a memorandum from Walt Rostow, S/P, that reads: “The attached paper entitled ‘Problems of Southern Africa' dated March 25, 1963 will be discussed at the Planning Group meeting, Tuesday, April 23.”
Document 315: Memorandum From the President's Special Assistant (Schlesinger) to Attorney General Kennedy
Washington, July 1, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, Schlesinger Papers, White House Files, Africa 7/1/63-7/9/63. Secret.
Document 316: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
JCSM-528-63 Washington, July 10, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, South Africa, 6/6/63-7/12/63. Secret.
Document 317: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to Certain Diplomatic Posts
Washington, July 19, 1963, 8:58 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 10 PORT/AFRICA. Confidential. Drafted by Brown and Schwebel on July 18; cleared by Tasca, Burdett, Meeker, and Sisco; and approved by Cleveland. Sent to USUN, London, Pretoria, Paris, Oslo, Rio de Janeiro, Caracas, Manila, Accra, Rabat, Taipei, Tunis, Monrovia, Tananarive, and Freetown and repeated to Lagos, Dar-es-Salaam, Leopoldville, Lisbon, Lourenco Marques, and Luanda.
Document 318: Memorandum From the Department of State Executive Secretary (Read) to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, July 24, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Portugal. Confidential.
Document 319: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, October 29, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, South Africa, 9/30/63-10/29/63. Secret.
Document 320: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, May 2, 1961.
Source: Department of State, President's Memoranda of Conversation: Lot 66 D 149. Confidential. Drafted by Deming on May 3.
Document 321: Telegram From the Department of State to the Consulate General in Salisbury
Washington, May 12, 1961, 9:42 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.45C/3-3061. Confidential; Verbatim Text. Drafted by Picard, cleared by Burdett, and approved by Fredericks. Repeated by pouch to London and Pretoria.
Document 322: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, August 24, 1961, 8:40 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745C.00/8-2261. Confidential; Niact. Drafted by Dunham and Wight, cleared by Sweeney and Veliotes, and approved by Ferguson. Also sent to Salisbury Niact and repeated to Dar-es-Salaam Priority.
Document 323: Telegram From the Department of State to the Consulate General in Dar-es-Salaam
Washington, September 8, 1961, 10:42 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745C.00/9-861. Confidential; Priority; Verbatim Text. Drafted by Dunham, cleared by Korn, and approved by Wight. Repeated Priority to London and Salisbury.
Document 324: Telegram From the Department of State to the Mission to the United Nations
Washington, January 11, 1962, 7:56 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745C.00/1-1062. Confidential. Drafted by Simms; cleared by Reis, Kellermann, Deming, Sweeney, and Acly (ODA); and approved by Wallner. Repeated to Salisbury.
Document 325: Telegram From the Department of State to the Consulate General in Salisbury
Washington, March 9, 1962, 5:20 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745C.00/3-662. Confidential. Drafted by Dunham and Deming on March 8, cleared by Bergesen, and approved by Fredericks. Repeated to London.
Document 326: Telegram From the Department of State to the Consulate General in Salisbury
Washington, March 19, 1962, 7:35 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745C.00/3-662. Confidential. Drafted by Deming and Wellons and approved by Tasca. Repeated to London, USUN, and by pouch to Dar-es-Salaam, Nairobi, and Pretoria.
Document 327: Telegram From the Department of State to the Consulate General in Salisbury
Washington, April 17, 1962, 11:19 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745C.00/4-1762. Confidential. Drafted by Dunham on April 16 and approved by Deming. Repeated to London and USUN.
Document 328: Memorandum From the Department of State Executive Secretary (Battle) to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, May 7, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Rhodesia. No classification marking. Attached to the source text is a transmittal note from Battle to Bundy that reads: “Prior to Governor Williams' departure for Africa, the President asked him to prepare a paper on the Rhodesias. The completed paper is attached.”
Document 329: Telegram From the Department of State to the Mission to the United Nations
Washington, June 11, 1962, 7:13 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745C.00/6-1162. Confidential. Drafted by Buffum; cleared in draft by Bergesen, Freeman, MacKnight, and Monsma, and by Rogers; and approved by Wallner. Repeated to London, Salisbury, and Buenos Aires.
Document 330: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, August 17, 1962, 8:56 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745C.00/8-1362. Confidential. Drafted by Parker; cleared by MacKnight, Sanger, Friedman, and Buffum; and approved by Cleveland. Repeated to Salisbury and USUN.
Document 331: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, September 30, 1962.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745C.00/9-3062. Confidential. Drafted by Tyler, cleared in U, and approved in the White House on October 8. Separate memoranda of conversation were prepared on Cuba and Congo.
Document 332: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, October 5, 1962, 5:56 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.41/10-562. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Wallner and Mathews; cleared by Little, Swank, and Burdett; and approved by Ball. Repeated to USUN and Salisbury.
Document 333: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, November 29, 1962, 6:11 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745C.00/11-2962. Confidential; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Mathews on November 23; cleared by Burdett, Sisco, Furnas, and McGhee (in substance); and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Salisbury.
Document 334: Telegram From the Department of State to the Consulate General in Salisbury
Washington, November 30, 1962, 6:26 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745C.00/11-1062. Confidential; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Dunham on November 21; cleared by Knox, Burdett, Furnas, and McGhee (in substance); and approved by Williams. Repeated to London.
Document 335: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, January 7, 1963, 4:06 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745C.00/1-763. Confidential. Drafted by Mulcahy on January 4; cleared by Goldstein, Wallner, and Chapin; and approved by Mac-Knight. Repeated to Salisbury and USUN.
Document 336: Memorandum From the Department of State Executive Secretary (Brubeck) to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, January 28, 1963.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745C.00/1-2863. Confidential. Cleared by Lennon, MacKnight, Fredericks, Dunham, and Conroy (AID).
Document 337: Telegram From the Consulate General in Salisbury to the Department of State
Salisbury, February 20, 1963, 4 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL RHOD & NYAS. Confidential. Repeated to London, USUN, Lusaka, Blantyre, Lourenco Marques, Paris, Bonn, Rome, Pretoria, Leopoldville, Elisabethville, Dar-es-Salaam, Nairobi, Kampala, and Luanda.
Document 338: Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, April 6, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Rhodesia. Confidential. No drafting information appears on the source text. Attached to a memorandum from Brubeck to McGeorge Bundy that reads: “There is attached a situation report regarding developments in Southern Rhodesia. It is suggested that you may wish to bring the report to the attention of the President.”
Document 339: Letter From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to the Reverend Ndabaningi Sithole
Washington, April 16, 1963.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD & NYAS/UN. No classification marking. Drafted by Mulcahy. The source text bears a typed notation that reads: “Original copy handed to Sithole by G. Mennen Williams 4/16/63.” Reverend Sithole was a prominent African nationalist.
Document 340: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, June 15, 1963.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD/UN. Confidential. No drafting information appears on the source text.
Document 341: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ghana
Washington, August 29, 1963, 7:49 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD & NYAS/UN. Confidential. Drafted by Hennes; cleared by Friedman (in draft), Buffum, and Strong; and approved by Gardner. Also sent to USUN and repeated to London and Salisbury.
Document 342: Telegram From the Department of State to the Mission to the United Nations
Washington, September 6, 1963, 8:19 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD & NYAS/UN. Confidential; Immediate. Drafted by Sisco, Buffum, and Hennes; cleared by Burdett, Williams, Monsma, and Judd; and approved by Cleveland. Also sent to Caracas, London, and Oslo and repeated to Accra, Manila, Paris, Rabat, Rio de Janeiro, Taipei, and Salisbury.
Document 343: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, September 18, 1963, 2 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD & NYAS. Confidential. Drafted by Judd and approved in S on September 24. The conversation took place in the Secretary's office.
Document 344: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, October 8, 1963, 10:30 a.m.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Rhodesia. Confidential. Drafted by Brubeck. A notation on the source text indicates that a copy was sent to the Department of State. The conversation was held at the White House.
Document 345: Telegram From the Department of State to the Resident Consul in Blantyre, Malawi
Washington, October 17, 1963, 7:20 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 RHOD & NYAS. Confidential. Drafted by DuPont on October 16, cleared by Looram and McKesson, and approved by Coote. Repeated to Dar-es-Salaam, Salisbury, Lusaka (by pouch), and Lourenco Marques.
Document 346: Memorandum of Conversation
London, December 19, 1963, 9:30 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Secretary's Memoranda of Conversation: Lot 65 D 330. Confidential. Drafted by Armstrong on December 19 and approved on December 26. The source text is labeled “Part II of III.” The conversation took place in Sandys' office at the Commonwealth Relations Office.
Document 347: Telegram From the Department of State to the Mission to the United Nations
Washington, March 1, 1961, 8:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 753N.00/3-161. Confidential; Priority; Limited Distribution. Drafted by Sisco, cleared in substance by Kohler and Penfield and Dumont in draft, and approved by Cleveland. Repeated to Monrovia and Lisbon.
Document 348: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Portugal
Washington, April 23, 1961, 3:55 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 753N.00/4-2361. Secret. Drafted by Brown and Beigel on April 22; cleared by Fredericks, Collopy, and Kohler; and approved by Rusk.
Document 349: Letter From the Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research (Hilsman) to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, May 23, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Angola, 1/61-6/61. Secret; Eyes Only.
Document 350: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to the Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Johnson)
Washington, June 18, 1961.
Source: Department of State, INR/IL Historical Files. Top Secret; Limited Distribution. The source text is attached to a June 19 memorandum from Johnson to Rusk stating that he had discussed the Secretary's June 18 memorandum on CIA support of Holden Roberto with Williams, who had said that he felt he had not yet been able to present the full AF point of view regarding this matter to Rusk and had asked for an opportunity to do so.
Document 351: Memorandum From Samuel H. Belk of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, June 29, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Angola, 1/61-6/61. Secret.
Document 352: Memorandum From the Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Johnson) to the Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research (Hilsman)
Washington, July 17, 1961.
Source: Department of State, INR/IL Historical Files. Top Secret.
Document 353: Memorandum From the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) to President Kennedy
Washington, August 31, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Angola, 8/61-12/61. Secret. The source text bears the following notation (presumably in Bundy's hand): “Noted. Discussed with Pres.”
Document 354: Memorandum From Samuel E. Belk of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, September 14, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, President's Office Files, Portugal, Security. Secret. The “From” line on the source text shows Rostow's initials (WWR) crossed out and “S.B.,” pre-sumably Samuel Belk, inserted by hand. A question mark appears alongside in the margin. A memorandum from Belk to Dungan, January 9, 1962 (Document 356), confirms that Belk wrote a memorandum to President Kennedy on Portuguese Africa in September 1961.
Document 355: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the Republic of the Congo
Washington, October 5, 1961, 7:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 753N.00/10-561. Secret; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Wight on October 2; cleared by Vance, Wellborn, Brown, Brubeck, and Ferguson; and approved by Johnson. Repeated to Lisbon.
Document 356: Memorandum From Samuel E. Belk of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant (Dungan)
Washington, January 9, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Africa. Secret.
Document 357: Memorandum Prepared in the Department of State for President Kennedy
Washington, January 25, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Portugal, General, 12/1/61-1/31/62. Confidential. No drafting information appears on the source text. An attached transmittal note from Battle to Kaysen reads: “As agreed in your conversation with Mr. Ball, attached is the proposed Department of State position on the Angola Resolution.” A handwritten notation on the note reads: “cleared cable 1/26/62. 6:30 pm”; see footnote 2 below.
Document 358: Department of State Policy Directive
Washington, March 15, 1962.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Brubeck Series, Portuguese Africa. Secret. No drafting information appears on the source text. On March 2, the NSC Standing Group discussed and agreed in general with this Policy Directive. (Record of Actions; Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 70 D 265, NSC Standing Group—March 2, 1962)
Document 359: Memorandum From the Department of State Executive Secretary (Battle) to the Bureau of African Affairs and the Bureau of European Affairs
Washington, May 4, 1962.
Source: Department of State, AF/AFC Files: Lot 65 D 189, Lisbon Talks. Secret. A copy was sent to the Bureau of International Organization Affairs.
Document 360: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, October 23, 1962.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770.00/10-2362. Secret. Drafted by Mathews on October 19. Copies were sent to Ball, McGhee, and the Bureau of European Affairs.
Document 361: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, October 24, 1962, 4:45 p.m.
Source: Department of State, President's Memoranda of Conversation: Lot 66 D 149. Confidential. Drafted by Tyler and approved in the White House on October 29.
Document 362: Telegram From the Department of State to the Mission to the United Nations
Washington, December 8, 1962, 7:53 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 753N.00/12-862. Confidential. Drafted by White; cleared by Stone, Fredericks, Sisco, and Buffum; and approved by Cleveland. Repeated to Lisbon and by pouch to Luanda and Lourenco Marques.
Document 363: Memorandum of Telephone Conversation Between the Under Secretary of State (Ball) and the Portuguese Ambassador (Noguiero)
Washington, April 4, 1963.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 10 PORT/UN. Unclassified. Drafted by Hartman and approved in U on April 5.
Document 364: Memorandum From the Chief of the Africa Division, Central Intelligence Agency (Tweedy) to Director of Central Intelligence McCone
Washington, May 13, 1963.
Document 365: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the Republic of the Congo
Washington, July 1, 1963, 6:28 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 17 US-AFR. Secret. Drafted by High, cleared by Starrs, and approved by Whitehouse. Repeated to Lisbon, USUN, Paris for Cleveland, and Luanda.
Document 366: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Kennedy
Washington, July 10, 1963.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 10 PORT/UN. Confidential. Drafted by Oakley and Sisco and cleared by Cleveland, Burdett, Meeker, Williams, and Kitchen.
Document 367: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, July 18, 1963, 4:30 p.m.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Meetings and Memoranda Series, Meetings with the President, 5/63-7/63. Secret. Drafted by Brubeck. The meeting was held at the White House.
Document 368: Telegram From the Department of State to the Mission to the United Nations
Washington, July 19, 1963, 6:44 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 10 PORT/UN. Confidential; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Cleveland and Sisco on July 18; cleared by Yost, Williams, Chayes, Burdett, McGeorge Bundy, and McKesson; and approved by Rusk. Repeated to Lisbon, London, Paris, Oslo, Rio de Janeiro, Caracas, Manila, Accra, Rabat, Lagos, Taipei, Dar-es-Salaam, Pretoria, Leopoldville, Tunis, Monrovia, and Tananarive.
Document 369: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, July 25, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Brubeck Series, Portuguese Africa. Secret.
Document 370: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, July 30, 1963, 11 a.m.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Portugal, General. Secret. Drafted by Brubeck.
Document 371: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, September 9, 1963, 11:30 a.m.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Portugal, General. Secret. Drafted by Brubeck.
Document 372: Research Memorandum From the Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research (Hughes) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, November 5, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Brubeck Series, Portuguese Africa. Secret; No Foreign Dissem; Controlled Dissem.
Document 373: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, November 7, 1963, 4 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL AFR-PORT. Confidential. Drafted by Meloy and approved by the White House on November 18 and in U on November 20. The conversation was held at the White House.
Document 374: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, February 27, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 64 A 2382, Union of South Africa 000.1-680.1, 1961. Secret. Drafted by William E. Lang, Director of the Office of Foreign Military Rights Affairs, International Security Affairs, Department of Defense. Copies were sent to Hare, NITZE, and General Yates.
Document 375: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, March 15, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745A.00/3-1561. Confidential. Drafted by Penfield on March 16 and approved in S on March 29.
Document 376: Letter From the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Gilpatric) to the Under Secretary of State (Bowles)
Washington, March 16, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 65 A 3464, Africa, 000.92-Africa 452, 1961. Confidential. A copy was sent to Harold Brown, Director of Defense Research and Engineering.
Document 377: National Security Action Memorandum No. 33
Washington, March 22, 1961.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 72 D 316, NSAM 33. Secret.
Document 378: Letter From the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Gilpatric) to the Under Secretary of State (Bowles)
Washington, May 17, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 65 A 3464, Africa 000.92-Africa 452, 1961. Secret. A copy was sent to George Newman in G.
Document 379: Telegram From the Embassy in South Africa to the Department of State
Cape Town, May 25, 1961, 5 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.45A/5-2561. Confidential. Repeated to Pretoria.
Document 380: Letter From the Representative to the United Nations (Stevenson) to Secretary of State Rusk
New York, June 2, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770X.56311/6-261. Personal and Confidential.
Document 381: Memorandum From the Deputy Director of the Office of Eastern and Southern African Affairs (Wight) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, June 6, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 745X.00/6-661. Confidential. Also sent to Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs Fredericks.
Document 382: Memorandum From the Acting Assistant Secretary of Defense (Bundy) to the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Gilpatric)
Washington, June 7, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 65 A 3464, Africa 000.92-Africa 452, 1961. Confidential.
Document 383: Letter From the Under Secretary of State (Bowles) to the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Gilpatric)
Washington, June 30, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 65 A 3464, Africa 000.92-Africa 452, 1961. Secret. No drafting information appears on the source text.
Document 384: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, August 25, 1961, 9:05 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.70X/7-161. Confidential; Verbatim Text. Drafted by Wight on August 22; cleared by Packard, Hennes, Winfree, and Bronez (OSD); and approved by Fredericks.
Document 385: Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Williams) to the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Gilpatric)
Washington, September 16, 1961.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 65 A 3464, Africa, 000.92-Africa 452, 1961. Secret.
Document 386: Letter From the Under Secretary of State (Bowles) to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, September 21, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Africa, Vol. II, General. Secret. No drafting information appears on the source text.
Document 387: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, September 28, 1961, 10:36 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.70X/9-2561. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Wight on September 12; cleared by Martin, Brubeck, and Bowles; and approved by Fredericks.
Document 388: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, September 29, 1961, 8:08 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770X.5622/9-2961. Confidential; Niact; No Distribution Outside of Department. Drafted by Deming, cleared by Fredericks, and approved by Bowles.
Document 389: Memorandum From the President's Special Assistant (Wiesner) to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, October 18, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Africa. Secret.
Document 390: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, October 24, 1961, 6:55 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 770X.56311/10-1261. Secret. Drafted by Wight, Gathright, and Hennes on October 23; cleared by Kitchen, Brubeck, William P. Bundy in substance, and Fredericks; and approved by Bowles.
Document 391: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, October 25, 1961, 7:57 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.70X/10-2461. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Durnan and Deming, cleared by Manfull and Swanks, and approved by Fredericks. Repeated to USUN.
Document 392: Memorandum From the Department of State Executive Secretary (Battle) to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, November 13, 1961.
Source: Kennedy Library, President's Office Files, Countries, South Africa, Republic of. Official Use Only. No drafting information appears on the source text.
Document 393: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, November 20, 1961.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.41/11-2061. Confidential. Drafted by Cook on December 13.
Document 394: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, February 20, 1962, 4:47 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.70X7/2-1762. Secret. Drafted by Bronez (OSD/ISA) and Durnan on February 19; cleared by Packard, Hunt in substance, Robinson, Deming, Manning, and Bronez; and approved by Fredericks. Repeated to Pretoria.
Document 395: Telegram From the Embassy in South Africa to the Department of State
Cape Town, March 17, 1962, 11 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.70X7/3-1762. Secret; Priority. Repeated to Pretoria.
Document 396: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, August 31, 1962.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 601.70X11/8-3162. Confidential. Drafted by Sanger and approved in S on October 4. Secretary Rusk and Ambassador Naude's discussion of other subjects on August 31 was recorded in four additional memoranda of conversation. (Ibid., Secretary's Memoranda of Conversation: Lot 65 D 330)
Document 397: Telegram From Secretary of State Rusk to the Department of State
New York, October 6, 1962, 9 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Conference Files: Lot 65 D 533, CF 2150. Confidential. Drafted by Sanger and cleared by Grant. Repeated to Pretoria and London and by pouch to Tananarive and Salisbury.
Document 398: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, November 23, 1962.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.45X/11-2362. Limited Official Use. Drafted by High on December 6. The source text is labeled “Part I of IV.” The discussion with Nujoma of SWAPO objectives and of working conditions in South West Africa was recorded in two memoranda of conversation. (Ibid., 745X.021/11-2362, and AF/S Files: Lot 66 D 344, South West Africa-1962-1963, UN)
Document 399: Telegram From the Mission to the United Nationsto the Department of State
New York, February 19, 1963, noon.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 SW AFR/UN. Confidential. Repeated to London and Cape Town.
Document 400: Telegram From the Embassy in South Africa to the Department of State
Cape Town, March 1, 1963, 6 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 SW AFR/UN. Confidential; Priority. Also sent to USUN and repeated to Pretoria and London.
Document 401: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Kennedy
Washington, March 16, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Africa, General. Secret.
Document 402: Letter From the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Gilpatric) to the Under Secretary of State (Ball)
Washington, April 9, 1963.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 67 A 4564, South Africa Rep. 1963, 383.8-676. No classification marking.
Document 403: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, April 23, 1963, 7:25 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15-1 S AFR. Confidential. Drafted by Hall and approved by MacKnight. Repeated to Pretoria and USUN and by pouch to Johannesburg, Salisbury, and Durban.
Document 404: Telegram From the Embassy in South Africa to the Department of State
Cape Town, May 14, 1963, 2 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15-5 S AFR. Confidential; Priority. Repeated to Pretoria and USUN.
Document 405: Telegram From the Embassy in South Africa to the Department of State
Cape Town, June 10, 1963, 4 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 17-4 US-S AFR. Confidential; Priority. Repeated to Pretoria, London, Durban, Johannesburg, and Port Elizabeth.
Document 406: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Harriman)
Washington, June 15, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Africa. Secret. Also sent to Deputy Under Secretary for Political Affairs Johnson, Williams, Tyler, and Rostow.
Document 407: Memorandum From the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) to President Kennedy
Washington, July 13, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, South Africa, 7/13/63-7/31/63. Secret.
Document 408: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of State (Ball) to President Kennedy
Washington, July 16, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, South Africa. Confidential.
Document 409: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, July 17, 1963, 3 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 S AFR. Confidential. Drafted by Campbell and approved in S on August 6.
Document 410: Memorandum From the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, July 17, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, South Africa. Confidential.
Document 411: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, August 2, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, South Africa. No classification marking.
Document 412: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, August 7, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, South Africa, 8/7/63-8/12/63. Confidential.
Document 413: Research Memorandum From the Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research (Hughes) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, August 12, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, South Africa, 8/7/63-8/12/63. Secret; No Foreign Dissem/Controlled Dissem. No drafting information appears on the source text. A marginal notation reads: “(Taken from Pres. weekend reading dtd 9/14/63, Tab [illegible]).”
Document 414: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, August 28, 1963, 3:39 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 BAS. Confidential. Drafted by Hall on August 27, cleared by MacKnight and Brown, and approved by Hilliker. Repeated to USUN and London.
Document 415: Memorandum From the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, September 23, 1963.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 12-5 S AFR. Secret. Also sent to Secretary of Defense McNamara.
Document 416: Telegram From the Department of State to the Mission to the United Nations
Washington, September 27, 1963, 8:03 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL-19 SW AFR/UN. Confidential. Drafted by Parker on September 26; cleared by Strong, Streeter in draft, Friedman, and Buffum; and approved by Wallner. Also sent to Pretoria and repeated to London.
Document 417: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, October 4, 1963, 10:30 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL-1 S AFR. Confidential. Drafted by Judd and approved by the White House on October 15. The conversation took place at the White House. The source text is labeled “4 of 6 parts.”
Document 418: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, October 18, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, South Africa, 9/30/63-10/29/63. Secret; Eyes Only. Drafted by Rusk.
Document 419: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, October 23, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, Africa. Confidential. A marginal notation reads: “(Taken from Pres. week-end reading dtd 10/26/63, Tab 4).”
Document 420: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, November 1, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, South Africa. No classification marking. A handwritten notation reads: “(Included in Pres. week-end reading dtd 11/2-3/63).”
Document 421: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Kennedy
Washington, November 6, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, South Africa. Confidential.
Document 422: Memorandum From President Kennedy to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, November 7, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Brubeck Series, South Africa. Confidential.
Document 423: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to President Kennedy
Washington, November 19, 1963.
Source: Kennedy Library, National Security Files, Countries Series, South Africa. Confidential.
Document 424: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, November 26, 1963.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Aides File. Confidential.
Document 425: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council to the President's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, December 5, 1963.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, South Africa, Vol. 2. Confidential. A copy was sent to Belk.
Document 426: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, December 10, 1963, 6:14 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, ORG 7 AF. Confidential. Drafted by Hooper, cleared by Cahn, and approved by Hooper. Also sent to Nairobi for Williams.