Processing and Conversion

The Office of the Biomass Program focuses its research and development efforts in converting biomass into fuels, products, and power via two biochemical and thermochemical routes.

Sustainable feedstock production includes all of the steps required to produce biomass feedstocks to the point they are ready to be collected or harvested from the field or forest. Feedstock logistics encompasses all of the unit operations necessary to move biomass feedstocks from the land to the biorefinery. Biological matter is used to produce transportation fuels, chemicals, and heat and power. Biofuels Infrastructure moves the fuel from a biorefining plant to the pump. Bioenergy is used to power today's vehicles.

Biochemical Conversion - Biomass is broken down to sugars using either enzymatic or chemical processes and then converted to ethanol via fermentation.

Thermochemical Conversion - Biomass is broken down to intermediates using heat and upgraded to fuels using a combination of heat and pressure in the presence of catalysts.

These R&D efforts focus on technologies and processes that can reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of producing biofuels, products, and power. Efficiencies can be achieved through methods for increasing the yields derived from conversion of various feedstocks, among other improvements. The majority of the Biomass Program's R&D is focused on these technologies. Current R&D projects are described in detail in this website's Information Resources section.

Biochemical Related Links
Thermochemical Related Links