Food
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Listeria monocytogenes Risk Assessment
FDA/Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
USDA/Food Safety and Inspection Service
September 2003
Quantitative Assessment of Relative Risk to Public Health
from Foodborne Listeria monocytogenes
Among Selected Categories of Ready-to-Eat Foods
Table of Contents
- Interpretive Summary (also available in PDF)
- Technical Document (also available in PDF)
- List of Tables and List of Figures
- Summary of Public Comments and FDA/FSIS Revisions, Contributors, and Acknowledgements
- Executive Summary
- Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Glossary
- I. Introduction
- II. Hazard Identification
- Listeriosis
- Invasive Listeriosis
- High Risk Individuals
- Non-Invasive Listeriosis (Listerial Gastroenteritis)
- Asymptomatic Carriage
- Epidemiological Patterns of Listeriosis: Sporadic versus Outbreak-Associated Cases
- Sporadic Listeriosis
- Outbreak-Associated Listeriosis
- III. Exposure Assessment
- Food Category Identification
- Food Consumption Data
- Food Contamination Data
- Growth Data
- Modeling: Listeria monocytogenes Levels in Food at Retail
- Results: Modeled Contamination at Retail
- Modeling: Growth Between Retail and Consumption
- Modeling: Interaction of Storage Times and Temperatures
- Modeling: Thermal Inactivation
- Results: Modeled Listeria monocytogenes Levels in Food at Consumption
- IV. Hazard Characterization
- Dose-Response Modeling
- Comparison of the FDA/FSIS Revised Dose-Response Model to Other Dose-Response Models for Listeria monocytogenes
- Dose-Response in Animal Surrogates
- Data Collected from Animal Studies
- Modeling: Dose-Response in Mice
- Dose-Response Curves for Infection and Serious Illness
- Variability in Virulence
- Host Susceptibility
- Modeling: Host Susceptibility
- Dose-Response Scaling Factor
- Results: Dose-Response Curves for Three Population Groups
- V. Risk Characterization
- Simulation Modeling
- Results
- Overview and Discussion of Food Categories
- Summaries of the Food Categories
- VI. 'What If' Scenarios
- Post-Retail Intervention
- Pre-Retail and At Retail Intervention
- Summary
- VII. Interpretation and Conclusions
- References
- Appendices (also available in PDF)
- Appendices 1-4 (also available in PDF, 260KB)
- Appendix 1: Chronology of Technical and Scientific Reviews of the Revised FDA/FSIS Listeria Monocytogenes Risk Assessment Document
- Appendix 2: Summary of Public Comments and FDA/FSIS's Responses
- Appendix 3: An Overview of the Risk Assessment
- Appendix 4: The Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network
- Appendix 5: Food Categories Modeled Distributions and Related Information (also available in PDF, 315KB)
- Appendix 6: Software (also available in PDF, 81KB)
- Appendix 7: Listeria Contamination of Food Category Data Sets (also available in PDF, 1.23MB)
- Appendix 8: Growth of Listeria Monocytogenes in Foods (also available in PDF, 153KB)
- Appendix 9: Using Outbreak Investigations in Quantitative Risk Assessment (also available in PDF, 113KB)
- Appendix 10: Additional Risk Characterization Information (also available in PDF, 63KB)
- Appendix 11: Research Needs (also available in PDF, 11KB)
- Appendix 12: Cluster Analysis for Grouping of Food Categories (also available in PDF, 45KB)
- Appendices 1-4 (also available in PDF, 260KB)
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