|
2012
|
The Effect of Arrest and Imprisonment on Crime
By Wan, Wai-Yin; Moffatt, Steve; Jones, Craig; Weatherburn, Don.
New South Wales Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research (Sydney, NSW).
This study looks at the relationship between the probability of arrest and imprisonment and imprisonment duration on property and violent crime rates. “The criminal justice system plays a significant role in preventing crime. Some criminal justice variables, however, exert much stronger effects than others. Increasing arrest rate s is likely to have the largest impact, followed by increasing the likelihood of receiving a prison sentence” (p. 1). Increasing length of stay doesn’t appear to impact... Read More
|
19 pages
|
|
2011
|
Cost-Benefit Analysis and Its Application to Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Research
By Dossetor, Kym.
Australian Institute of Criminology (Canberra, ACT).
Agencies wanting to compare the costs involved in implementing one program versus another will find this explanation of the use of cost-benefit analysis (CBA) very useful. CBA cannot determine a program’s effectiveness in achieving specific outcomes; this is program evaluation. CBA does show the expected costs and benefits resulting from a program’s utilization. Sections of this report following a set of acronyms include: introduction and overview of cost-benefit analysis—difference between cos... Read More
|
57 pages
|
|
2010
|
Deterrence in Criminal Justice: Evaluating Certainty vs. Severity of Punishment
By Wright, Valerie.
The Sentencing Project (Washington, DC).
The issue of whether more severe punishment results in increased public safety is examined. This paper covers: the conceptualization of deterrence; certainty versus severity of punishment; the failure of more severe sentences to enhance public safety; and the economic costs of more severe sentences.... Read More
|
10 pages
|
|
2009
|
Justice Reinvestment in New Hampshire: Reducing Spending on Corrections and Reinvesting in Strategies to Increase Public Safety
Council of State Governments. Justice Center (New York, NY).
Information regarding the growth in New Hampshire’s prison population is provided. Topics covered in an issue snapshot are: the drain on the state budget due to an increasing prison population; reincarceration of a growing number of parole violators; increases in recidivism also driving prison population increases; and additional prisons and expanding expenditures will occur if nothing is done. Also included is an overview of the Justice Center’s three phases of technical assistance—analysis and... Read More
|
4 p.
|
|
2009
|
Remarks as Prepared for Delivery by Attorney General Eric Holder at the Vera Institute of Justice's Third Annual Justice Address
By Holder, Eric.
U.S. Dept. of Justice. Office of the Attorney General (Washington, DC).
The critical need to get "smart on crime" is explained. Increased incarceration is now resulting in very little to no reduction in the crime rate. The crime rate must now be reduced by using evidence-based practices that address offender reentry, non-violent drug offenses, offender diversion, drug courts, and the initial commission of crimes.... Read More
|
4 p.
|
|
2009
|
Final Report of the Go to 2040 Crime and Justice Planning Initiative
By Myrent, Mark; Rosenbaum, Dennis P..
Illinois Criminal Justice Information Authority (Chicago, IL).
A 30-year plan for addressing six major issues that will impact crime prevention and public safety in Illinois is provided. These issues are: refining the understanding of the causes of crime and delinquency; addressing the needs of crime victims; fairness and equity in law enforcement strategies; community engagement and capacity-building for a holistic approach to crime prevention and intervention; non-criminal justice solutions for drug offenders; and alternatives to incarceration and offend... Read More
|
50 p.
|
|
2009
|
Denying Parole at First Eligibility: How Much Public Safety Does It Actually Buy? A Study of Prisoner Release and Recidivism in Michigan
By Levine, Barbara R..
JEHT Foundation (New York, NY).
Citizens Alliance on Prisons and Public Spending (CAPPS) (Lansing, MI).
The impact of denying parole at first eligibility date on offender recidivism is examined. This report has these sections: executive summary; framing the question; research overview; significance of crime type; other key factors -- age, prior prison terms, and misconduct; the irrelevance of length of stay -- more time in prison does not increase success; how much does denying parole increase public safety -- very little if any; implications of research; and conclusion. The authors find that if ... Read More
|
74 p.
|
|
2008
|
Sex Offender Registries: Fear without Function?
By Agan, Amanda Y..
University of Chicago. Dept. of Economics (Chicago, IL).
Results from an assessment of the effectiveness of sex offender registries are presented. Sections of this paper following an abstract include: introduction; background; panel data; recidivism analysis; location analysis; and conclusion. The evidence shows that offender registries are not very effective in increasing public safety or reducing recidivism.... Read More
|
54 p.
|
|
2008
|
Psychological Aspects of Retributive Justice
By Carlsmith, Kevin M.; Darley, John M..
"This chapter lays out the emerging psychological principles that underlie citizens' intuitions regarding punishment" (p. 1). Sections following an abstract are: retributive justice in relation to other kinds of justice; what motivates the desire to punish; the impulse to punish as in intuition; policy implications; and conclusion. Citizens generally base their beliefs regarding punishment on intuitive reactions rather then deterrence and other utilitarian based systems of punishment.... Read More
|
44 p.
|
|
2008
|
What Works: Effective Recidivism Reduction and Risk-Focused Prevention Programs: A Compendium of Evidence-Based Options for Preventing New and Persistent Criminal Behavior
By Przybylski, Roger.
Colorado Division of Criminal Justice. Office of Adult and Juvenile Assistance (Denver, CO); U.S. Bureau of Justice Assistance (Washington, DC).
RKC Group (Lakewood, CO).
"This report identifies and describes interventions that are effective in reducing recidivism and preventing crime" (p. 1). Sections following an executive summary are: introduction; the evidence-based concept and its application; method; incarceration and its impact on crime; effective recidivism reduction programs -- education and vocational, substance abuse treatment, drug courts, sex offender treatment, mental health, cognitive-behavioral, and juvenile offender; effective early prevention p... Read More
|
144 p.
|
|
2008
|
On Justifying Punishment: The Discrepancy Between Words and Actions
By Carlsmith, Kevin M..
The "discrepancy [that exists] between what people want (both deterrence and retribution), and the actions that people perceive as just (retributive justice)" is examined (p. 17). Sections following an abstract are: introduction; Study 1 -- method and results according to manipulation checks, assigned punishment, stated motives, behavioral measure, nonconsistency between stated and actual motives, and discussion; Study 2 -- method and results according to support for abstract polices, for appli... Read More
|
19 p.
|
|
2008
|
Violence Prevention Evidence Base and Resources
Liverpool John Moores University. Centre for Public Health (Liverpool, England).
Information regarding violence prevention can be found at this website. Points of entry include: news section; evidence base resources; links; Violence Prevention Alliance; UK Violence and Injury Prevention Focal Point; TEACH-VIP; Violence Indicator Profiles of the English Regions (VIPER) Conference; evidence base updates; and latest news.... Read More
|
3 p.
|
|
2008
|
Brain Mechanisms and Antisocial Behavior: Neurological Research and Issues Concerning the Explanation, Reduction and Prevention of Criminality: Summary
By Kogel, C. de.
Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek- en Documentatiecentrum (WODC) (The Hague, Netherlands); Netherlands. Ministry of Justice (The Hague, Netherlands).
The place of neurobiological knowledge in the prevention of crime, in particular antisocial behavior leading to the commission of criminal acts is explained. Sections following an introduction are: findings regarding child abuse and neglect; problem children and dangerous adolescents and violent adults; sex offenders; judicial intervention and the reduction of recidivism; and neuro-science and social cohesion and conflicts; and conclusions. "The main conclusion of this literature study is that ... Read More
|
17 p.
|
|
2008
|
Community Policing and Crime: The Process and Impact of Problem-Solving in Oakland
By Wilson, Jeremy M.; Cox, Amy G..
City of Oakland (Oakland, CA).
RAND Corp. Center on Quality Policing (Santa Monica, CA).
Results from the second-year evaluation of the Oakland (CA) Violence Prevention and Public Safety Act of 2004, or Measure Y, are provided. This report contains a summary and the following four chapters: introduction; the implementation of community policing; community policing's impact on crime and violence; and discussion and lessons. "Overall, there was no statistical evidence that the PSO [problem-solving officer] program is associated with reductions in crime and violence" (p. xi).... Read More
|
66 p.
|
|
2000
|
Proceedings of the Large Jail Network Meeting, January 2000
National Institute of Corrections. Jails Division (Longmont, CO).
This meeting focused primarily on topics related to the role of the jail in the local criminal justice system. Contents include: meeting highlights; justice system coordination and cooperation -- how the jail benefits and the system is improved; criminal justice coordination and cooperation; issues in defining and re-defining the jail's mission; role of the jail in contributing to the efficiency of the local criminal justice system; community oriented policing; roundtable discussion of implicati... Read More
|
88 p.
|
|
1996
|
Project Re-Enterprise: A Texas Program
By Moses, Marilyn C..
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
National Institute of Justice (Washington, DC).
Project Re-Enterprise (PRE), administered by the Crime Prevention Institute, enlists the participation of local business leaders in an educational initiative to hone the job-seeking skills of inmates, who interview at mock job fairs. In addition to providing interviewing practice for the inmates, the program has caused some employers to voluntarily alter their policies regarding hiring ex-offenders. This Program Focus describes PRE's process, funding, and measures of success, and also outlines t... Read More
|
16 p.
|
|
1996
|
A National Symposium on Violent Offenders: Summary and Resources
By Krauth, Barbara.
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
This document is a summary of an NIC-sponsored symposium addressing issues related to violent offenders, held in Longmont, Colorado in May 1995. Presentations made at this symposium detailed research on causes of violence and on treatment, described agency and professional association initiatives targeted toward violent offenders, and highlighted the perspective of victims.... Read More
|
59 p.
|
|
1995
|
Prison Suicide: An Overview and Guide to Prevention
By Hayes, Lindsay M..
National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
National Center on Institutions and Alternatives (Mansfield, MA); National Institute of Corrections (Washington, DC).
This monograph presents a review of the literature and of national and state standards for prison suicide prevention, as well as national data on the incidence and rate of prison suicide, effective prevention programs, and discussion of liability issues. Topics also discussed include staff training, intake screening/assessment, housing, levels of supervision, intervention and administrative review. The document also examines the role of the courts in shaping prison suicide policy. ... Read More
|
108 p.
|