The Effectiveness and Safety of Pepper Spray
April 2003Though generally assumed to be safe and effective, the consequences of the use of pepper spray, as with any use of force,
can never be predicted with certainty. To expand the scope of knowledge on such a complex subject, this Research for Practice
examines two unpublished NIJ-funded studies on the use of pepper spray in real-life arrests and compares them with previous
studies. While the research does not and cannot prove that pepper spray will never be a contributing factor in the death of
a subject resisting arrest, it seems to confirm that pepper spray is a reasonably safe and effective tool for law enforcement
officers to use when confronting uncooperative or combative subjects.
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