The Inland Wind Model and the Maximum Envelope Of Winds
The inland wind model was developed by Mark DeMaria (NOAA/NWS/TPC) and John
Kaplan (NOAA/AOML/HRD). The model applies a simple two parameter decay
equation to the hurricane wind field at landfall to estimate the maximum
sustained surface wind as a storm moves inland. This model can be used for
operational forecasting of the maximum winds of landfalling tropical
cyclones. It can also be used to estimate the maximum inland penetration of
hurricane force winds (or any wind threshold) for a given initial storm
intensity and forward storm motion. For further explanation refer to:
Kaplan, J., DeMaria, M., 1995: A Simple Empirical Model for Predicting the
Decay of Tropical Cyclone Winds After Landfall. J. App. Meteor.,
34, No. 11, 2499-2512.
The tables below will allow you to display examples of the Maximum
Envelope of Winds. Three tables are shown, one for each of the regions: Gulf coast, East coast, and Northeast
Coast. Click on the values to display the Maximum Envelope of Wind for a specific
hurricane strength (as measured by the
Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale) and
forward motion of a typical hurricane.
Examples of the Maximum Envelope of Wind
Northeast Coast Region
| Strength |
Forward Motion (knots) |
| Category 1 |
15 |
25 |
35 |
| Category 2 |
15 |
25 |
35 |
| Category 3 |
15 |
25 |
35 |
|
