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Taxonomy information FAQs
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TAXONOMY RESOURCESThe following list is a compilation of some of the references and on-line resources used by the Taxonomy group at GenBank, ordered by the following categories:
Biodiversity and Biological Collections Web Server (links to
variety of databases, museums and other taxonomy resources):
MarineSpecies.org: Hawaian flora and fauna checklists:
Index of Organism Names:
Integrated Taxonomic Information System database of biological
names: Internet Resource Guide for Zoology. A directory to biological
sites of all kinds, including systematics and nomenclature (not
restricted to zoology
links): List of phylogenetic databases and
information: Tree of Life: University of California Museum of Paleontology Phylogeny of
Life: World Species Lists for
Animals/Plants/Microbes - the complete list of lists:
Chretiennot-Dinet, M.-J., Sournia, A., Ricard, M. & Billard, C. 1993. A classification of the marine phytoplankton of the world from class to genus. Phycologia 32, 159-179. AlgaeBase: Index Nominum Algarum: World Data Centre for Microorganisms:
Other phycological collections (links to a number of specialized
algal
databases): Farr, D.G. et al. 1989. Fungi on Plants and Plant Products in the United States. American Phytopathological Society Press. Kirk, P.M., Cannon, P.F. and David, J.C. 2001 Ainsworth and Bisby's Dictionary of the Fungi (9th edition). CAB International. Kurtzman, C.P. and J.W. Fell (Eds.). 1998. The Yeasts: A Taxonomic Study (4th edition). Elsevier. Rossman, A.Y., M.E. Palm, and L.J. Spielman. 1987. A Literature Guide for the Identification of Plant Pathogenic Fungi. American Phytopathological Society Press. Anamorph/Teleomorph Query:
The CABI Bioscience Database of Fungal Names: Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (CBS) fungal
database: Mycotaxon on-line: Mycologia on-line:
Myconet: Mycology Resources: North American Lichen Checklist:
Systematic Biology and Mycology Fungal
Databases: Bremer, K. Asteraceae: Cladistics and Classification. Dressler, R.L. 1993. Phylogeny and Classificaton of the Orchid Family. Dioscorides Press. Greuter, W. et al. 2000. International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (St Louis Code). Koenigstein, Koeltz Scientific. Griffiths, M. 1994. Index of Garden Plants. Timber Press. Kartesz, J.T. And C.A.Meacham. 2001. Synthesis of the North American Flora (version 1.0). CD for PC. Mabberly, D.J. The Plant-Book. 1987. Cambridge University Press. Staff of the Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus Third. MacMillan Publ. Stearn, W.T. 1992. Botanical Latin (4th Edition). Portland, Orgeon: Timber Press. Trehane, P. 1989. Index Hortensis. Vol. 1: Perennials. Watson, L, and Dallwitz, M.J. 1992. The Grass Genera of the World. CABI International. On-line plant databases: Plant Names (General) The International Plant Names Index (source databases are the
Index Kewensis, Gray Card Index and Australian Plant Names Index):
W3TROPICOS - The Missouri Botanical Garden vascular plant
database: IOPI Global Plant Checklist
Prototype: USDA PLANTS: Names in Current Use for Extant Plant -- Genera:
Index Nominum Genericorum:
Cultivated Plants USDA/Agricultural Research Service
taxonomy: Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research
(IPK): Regional Floras and Individual Plant Groups Checklist of World
Ferns: The Cycad Pages:
The Gymnosperm Database:
Catalogue of New World
Grasses: Flora Europaea: Flora of China Checklist:
LegumeWeb (pea family): General Botany Resources Internet Directory for Botany: Index Herbariorum: APG II Classification (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group):
Angiosperm Phylogeny Website (PF Stevens, 2003):
Bryophytes TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden bryophyte
database: New York Botanical Garden bryophyte catalog:
Nelson, J.S. Fishes of the world. 3rd ed., J. Wiley & Sons, 1994. Catalog of Fishes on-line:
FishBase99: Guide to South American
Cichlids: Neodat Project: Amphibians of the World on-line version (1999):
University of California AmphibiaWeb:
The EMBL Reptile Database:
Edwards E.P. 1982. A coded workbook of birds of the world Volume1: Non-Passeriformes. 2nd ed., Sweet Briar (Virginia) (Common names). Edwards, E.P. 1986. A coded workbook of birds of the world Volume 2: Passeriformes. 2nd ed., Sweet Briar (Virginia) (Common names). Sibley, C.G. and Monroe, B.L. 1990. Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World. Yale Univ. Press. BirdNet: The Ornithological Information Source:
Wilson and Reeder's Mammal species of
the world on-line:
Arnett, R.H.,Jr. 1993. American Insects. A Handbook of the Insects of America North of Mexico. The Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesville, Fl. Common Names of Insects and Related Organisms. Committee on Common Names of Insects (Chairman: F.G. Werner). 1982. Entomological Society of America. Miller, J. Y. 1992. The Common Names of North American Butterflies. Smithsonian Institution Press. Patterson J.T. & W.S. Stone. 1952. Evolution in the Genus Drosophila. Macmillan, New York. Nomina Insecta Nearctica:
Coleoptera:
Collembola: Diptera (Australasian and
Oceanian): Drosophilidae: Formicidae (AMNH
ants): Fulgoromorpha Lists On the WEB: Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Isoptera: Lepidoptera: Mecoptera: Odonata: Orthoptera: Trichoptera:
Social insect
page: Crustacean classification to family level: Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Decapod Crustaceans. 1989. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 17, Bethesda, Maryland. Holthuis, L.B.: Shrimps and Prawns of the World. An Annotated Catalogue of Species of Interest to Fisheries. 1980. FAO Fisheries Synopsis (FAO Species Catalogue) # 125, vol. 1. The Amphipod Homepage: Cladocera: Copepoda: Heterometrus (Asian forest
scorpions): Smithsonian world list of aquatic and terrestrial Isopoda:
Scorpiones:
The World Spider
Catalog: MolluscsCommon and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks. 1998. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26, Bethesda, Maryland. 2nd edition. Roper, C.F.E., Sweeney, M.J., and Nauen, C.E.: Cephalopods of the World. FAO Fisheries Synopsis (FAO Species Catalogue) #125, vol. 3. Gastropods, scaphopods, and cephalopods.
Opisthobranchs from around the World.
Shells database (Mollusca
classification).
Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks. 1998. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26, Bethesda, Maryland. 2nd edition. Cairns, S.D. et al. 1991. Common and Scientific names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Cnidaria and Ctenophora. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 22. Bethesda, Maryland. Khalil, L.F., A. Jones and R.A. Bray, (Eds.). 1994. Keys to the Cestode Parasites of Vertebrates. CAB International. Pennak R.W. 1989. Fresh-water Invertebrates of the United States. Protozoa to Mollusca. 3rd Edition. Jonh Wiley and Sons, New York. Roper, C.F.E., Sweeney, M.J., and Nauen, C.E.: Cephalopods of the World. FAO Fisheries Synopsis (FAO Species Catalogue) #125, vol. 3. Annelida:
Brachiopoda: Classification to family
level: Indexes to Bryozoan Taxa:
Current Classification of Recent Cephalopoda:
Cnidaria: Hexacorallians of the World:
Corals: List of Extant Stony
Corals: Ctenophora classification:
Echinoderm classification:
Echinoidea: Gastropods, scaphopods, cephalopods:
Links to papers on Platyhelminthes,
Nematoda, other invertebrates: Monogenea species:
Monogenea (flatworm) classification:
Opisthobranchs from around the
World: Porifera: Sipuncula: Stauromedusae: Turbellaria
classification: Neogene marine biota - bivalves, gastropods, bryozoans, corals,
forams, ostracodes (fossil and
living): Shells Database:
The Astrobiology Institute's Microscope page has a classification
of eukaryotes to the genus
level: Aescht, E. 2001. Catalogue of the generic names of ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora). Denisia 01. Oberoesterreichisches Landesmuseum, Linz, Austria. Canning, E.U., Lom, J. & Dykova, I. 1986. The microsporidia of vertebrates. p. 289. Academic Press, London, Orlando. Cavalier-Smith, T. 1993. Kingdom Protozoa and its 18 phyla. Microbiological Reviews 57, 953-994. Corliss, J. O. 1979. The ciliated protozoa: characterization, classification, and guide to the literature, 2nd ed. Pergamon Press, New York, New York. Lee, J.J., Hutner, S.H. & Bovee, E.C. 1985. Illustrated guide to the Protozoa. Society of Protozoologists. Levine et al. 1980. A newly revised classification of the protozoa. Journal of Protozoology 27, 37-58. Patterson, DJ. 1994. Protozoa: Evolution and Systematics. Proceedings of the IX International Congress of Protozoology, Berlin 1993. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, Jena, New York. Page, F. C. & Siemensma, F. J. 1991. Nackte Rhizopoda und Heliozoa. Fischer-Verlag, Stuttgart. Small, E. B. & Lynn, D. H. 1985. Phylum Ciliophora. In An illustrated guide to the Protozoa (ed. J. J. Lee, Hutner, S.H. & Bovee, E.C.). Society of Protozoolo gists, Lawrence. Sprague, V. 1977. Classification and phylogeny of the Microsporidia. In: Systematics of the Microsporidia, Comparative Pathobiology, Vol. 2 (Bulla, L.A., Cheng, T.C., eds.). New York-London: Plenum Press, Sprague, V. 1977. Annotated list of species of microsporidia. In: Systematics of the Microsporidia, Comparative Pathobiology, Vol.2 (Bulla, L.A., Cheng, T.C., eds). New York-London: Plenum Press.
The Prokaryotes: A Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria, Second Edition, Vol. 1-4, 1991. Springer-Verlag, New York NY. A. Balows, H. Truper, M. Dworkin, W. Harder & K.-H. Schleifer. Bergey's Manual Trust: contains taxonomic outline for the second
edition of Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology:
DSMZ Bacterial Nomenclature up-to-date:
Greengenes. 16S rRNA gene database and workbench:
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
(IJSEM): List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature:
Ribosomal Database Project. Bacterial classification:
The Taxonomic Outline of Bacteria and Archaea (TOBA):
Granoff A & Webster RG. 1999. Encyclopedia of Virology. Academic Press, San Diego. Index of Viruses on-line (ICTV-7):
American Type Culture Collection (ATCC): Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures
(CBS): Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH
(DSMZ): Oregon Collection of Methanogens
(OCM): Pasteur Collection of Cyanobacteria
(PCC): Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Culture of Marine
Phytoplankton (CCMP): The Culture Collection of Algae at University of Texas (UTEX)
: World Data Centre for Microorganisms. Includes fungal, bacterial,
algal and viral strain
collections: Home Pages of Culture Collections of the World:
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