Factors affecting occupational utilization

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**Table 5.1 Factors affecting occupational utilization, projected 2010—20**
2010 National Employment Matrix title and code		Industry title	Industry code	Factors affecting occupational utilization
Chief Executives	11-1011	All industries		A small decrease is expected as consolidation decreases the need for chief executives.
General and Operations Managers	11-1021	All industries		A small decrease is expected as fewer managers are being used to oversee larger areas of operations.
Legislators	11-1031	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small decrease is expected as the number of legislators remains relatively stable.
Marketing Managers	11-2021	Management of companies and enterprises	551000	A small increase is expected as companies focus on marketing as a way to increase their competitive advantage.
Computer and Information Systems Managers	11-3021	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A moderate increase is expected as the need to increase cyber-security in the federal government increases the demand for information technology workers and managers.
Computer and Information Systems Managers	11-3021	General medical and surgical hospitals; private	622100	A large increase is expected as information technology is increasingly utilized in healthcare and additional workers are needed to supervise the growing number of computer specialists in this industry.
Financial Managers	11-3031	Depository credit intermediation	522100	A moderate decrease is expected as bank branches will be used less as online banking becomes more popular.
Industrial Production Managers	11-3051	All industries		A small increase is expected across all industries as the number of manufacturing establishments declines at a slower rate than manufacturing workers, leading to more managers per employee.
Purchasing Managers	11-3061	Management of companies and enterprises	551000	A small increase is expected as more emphasis is placed on the planning and direction of purchasing activities.
Purchasing Managers	11-3061	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small increase is expected as budgetary constraints result in cuts to other occupations in federal government.
Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers	11-3071	Couriers and express delivery services	492100	A small decrease is expected as better technology and routing increase efficiency and decrease the demand for transportation workers and managers in this industry.
Compensation and Benefits Managers	11-3111	All industries		A small decrease is expected as compensation and benefits work is outsourced.
Human Resources Managers	11-3121	Management of companies and enterprises	551000	A small increase is expected as human resources managers are increasingly involved in the strategic planning process of an organization.
Human Resources Managers	11-3121	Employment services	561300	A small increase is expected as companies domestically outsource human resources work to professional employer organizations.
Human Resources Managers	11-3121	Management, scientific, and technical consulting services	541600	A small increase is expected as companies domestically outsource human resources work to consulting firms.
Training and Development Managers	11-3131	Management, scientific, and technical consulting services	541600	A small increase is expected as companies contract out training and development duties to consulting firms.
Food Service Managers	11-9051	Limited-service eating places	722200	A moderate decrease is expected as the number of eating and drinking establishments opening declines.
Food Service Managers	11-9051	Elementary and secondary schools; local	611100	A moderate decrease is expected as many schools increasingly contract out their food service operations.
Food Service Managers	11-9051	Full-service restaurants	722100	A moderate decrease is expected as the number of eating and drinking establishments opening declines.
Gaming Managers	11-9071	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small increase is expected as Indian casinos increase faster than local government overall.
Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers	11-9141	Activities related to real estate	531300	A small decrease is expected as these workers are replaced by those who provide direct services.
Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers	11-9141	Offices of real estate agents and brokers	531200	A small decrease is expected as these workers are replaced by those who provide direct services.
Insurance Appraisers, Auto Damage	13-1032	All industries		A small decrease is expected as auto accidents decline relative to the driving population.
Compliance Officers	13-1041	All industries		A small increase is expected as more of these workers are required to ensure new and existing regulations are implemented.
Human Resources, Training, and Labor Relations Specialists, All Other	13-1078	Management, scientific, and technical consulting services	541600	A small decrease is expected as companies increasingly contract human resources specialists from professional employer organizations.
Human Resources, Training, and Labor Relations Specialists, All Other	13-1078	Employment services	561300	A moderate increase is expected as companies domestically outsource human resources work to professional employer organizations.
Human Resources, Training, and Labor Relations Specialists, All Other	13-1078	Management of companies and enterprises	551000	A large increase is expected as human resources functions are increasingly considered in the strategic planning process of an organization.
Logisticians	13-1081	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small increase is expected as logisticians are needed to support and manage the movements, acquisitions, and supplies of the military.
Logisticians	13-1081	All industries		A moderate increase is expected as companies require logisticians to manage product life cycles in an increasingly globalized economy.
Management Analysts	13-1111	State government, excluding education and hospitals	999200	A small increase is expected as public agencies seek to reduce costs and improve efficiency through the services of management analysts.
Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners	13-1121	Social advocacy organizations	813300	A very large increase is expected as organizations place a greater value on professional meetings and require more international meetings. Also, since this industry relies on meetings to raise revenues, the planning occupation will increase faster relative to other occupations.
Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners	13-1121	Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions	712000	A very large increase is expected as organizations place a greater value on professional meetings and require more international meetings. Also, since this industry relies on meetings to raise revenues, the planning occupation will increase faster relative to other occupations.
Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners	13-1121	Other support services	561900	A very large increase is expected as organizations place a greater value on professional meetings and require more international meetings. Also, since this industry relies on meetings to raise revenues, the planning occupation will increase faster relative to other occupations.
Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners	13-1121	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; private	611300	A small increase is expected as organizations place a greater value on professional meetings.
Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners	13-1121	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small increase is expected as organizations place a greater value on professional meetings.
Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners	13-1121	Management, scientific, and technical consulting services	541600	A small increase is expected as organizations place a greater value on professional meetings.
Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners	13-1121	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; State	611300	A small increase is expected as organizations place a greater value on professional meetings.
Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners	13-1121	Management of companies and enterprises	551000	A moderate increase is expected as organizations place a greater value on professional meetings.
Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners	13-1121	Grantmaking and giving services	813200	A large increase is expected as organizations place a greater value on professional meetings and require more international meetings. Also, since this industry relies on meetings to raise revenues, the planning occupation will increase faster relative to other occupations.
Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners	13-1121	Civic and social organizations	813400	A large increase is expected as organizations place a greater value on professional meetings and require more international meetings.
Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners	13-1121	Special food services	722300	A large increase is expected as organizations place a greater value on professional meetings and require more international meetings.
Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners	13-1121	Promoters of performing arts, sports, and similar events	711300	A large increase is expected as organizations place a greater value on professional meetings and require more international meetings.
Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists	13-1141	All industries		A small decrease is expected as compensation and benefits work is outsourced overseas and to the employment services industry.
Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists	13-1141	Employment services	561300	A moderate increase is expected as companies outsource their compensation and benefits work to this industry.
Training and Development Specialists	13-1151	Employment services	561300	A small increase is expected as companies outsource training and development work to professional employer organizations.
Training and Development Specialists	13-1151	All industries		A small increase is expected as companies increasingly recognize that skill development is important for retaining employees and providing companies a competitive edge.
Training and Development Specialists	13-1151	Management, scientific, and technical consulting services	541600	A moderate increase is expected as companies outsource training and development work to this industry.
Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists	13-1161	Management of companies and enterprises	551000	A moderate increase is expected as companies and organizations increasingly rely on market data to make business decisions and cater to consumer preferences.
Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists	13-1161	All industries		A moderate increase is expected as companies and organizations increasingly rely on market data to make business decisions and cater to consumer preferences.
Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists	13-1161	Advertising, public relations, and related services	541800	A large increase is expected as advertising campaigns use market research to find the target population of a product or service and identify the most effective advertising strategies.
Business Operations Specialists, All Other	13-1199	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small increase is expected as positions with specialized titles in areas such as defense and energy increase.
Accountants and Auditors	13-2011	Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services	541200	A small increase is expected as companies emphasize transparency and sound accounting.
Accountants and Auditors	13-2011	Management of companies and enterprises	551000	A moderate increase is expected as companies emphasize transparency and sound accounting.
Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate	13-2021	Activities related to real estate	531300	A small decrease is expected as regulatory changes make it more difficult for appraisers to work directly for brokers and agents.
Budget Analysts	13-2031	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small increase is expected as governments seek ways to efficiently allocate finances.
Budget Analysts	13-2031	State government, excluding education and hospitals	999200	A small increase is expected as governments seek ways to efficiently allocate finances.
Budget Analysts	13-2031	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; State	611300	A small increase is expected as colleges and universities seek ways to efficiently allocate finances.
Credit Analysts	13-2041	All industries		A small increase is expected as institutions continue to place more emphasis on credit analysis following the financial crisis.
Financial Analysts	13-2051	Other financial investment activities	523900	A small increase is expected as companies hire more financial analysts to research and recommend newer and more complex investments.
Financial Analysts	13-2051	Management of companies and enterprises	551000	A moderate increase is expected as companies hire more financial analysts to research and recommend newer and more complex investments.
Financial Analysts	13-2051	Securities and commodity contracts intermediation and brokerage	523100	A moderate increase is expected as companies hire more financial analysts to research and recommend newer and more complex investments.
Personal Financial Advisors	13-2052	Other financial investment activities	523900	A small increase is expected as the population ages and these workers are needed to provide financial advice.
Personal Financial Advisors	13-2052	Securities and commodity contracts intermediation and brokerage	523100	A moderate increase is expected as the population ages and these workers are needed to provide financial advice.
Insurance Underwriters	13-2053	Direct insurance (except life, health, and medical) carriers	524120	A small increase is expected as underwriting duties will be concentrated in this industry.
Financial Examiners	13-2061	Other nondepository credit intermediation, including real estate credit and consumer lending	522290	A small increase is expected as these workers will be required to ensure compliance with new financial regulations.
Financial Examiners	13-2061	State government, excluding education and hospitals	999200	A small increase is expected as these workers will be required to ensure compliance with new financial regulations.
Financial Examiners	13-2061	Management of companies and enterprises	551000	A small increase is expected as these workers will be required to ensure compliance with new financial regulations.
Financial Examiners	13-2061	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A moderate increase is expected as these workers will be required to ensure compliance with new financial regulations.
Financial Examiners	13-2061	Securities and commodity contracts intermediation and brokerage	523100	A large increase is expected as these workers will be required to ensure compliance with new financial regulations.
Financial Examiners	13-2061	Depository credit intermediation	522100	A large increase is expected as these workers will be required to ensure compliance with new financial regulations.
Financial Examiners	13-2061	Other financial investment activities	523900	A large increase is expected as these workers will be required to ensure compliance with new financial regulations.
Financial Examiners	13-2061	Monetary authorities-central bank	521000	A large increase is expected as these workers will be required to ensure compliance with new financial regulations.
Credit Counselors	13-2071	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; private	611300	A small increase is expected as college costs and student loans increase.
Credit Counselors	13-2071	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; State	611300	A small increase is expected as college costs and student loans increase.
Loan Officers	13-2072	Depository credit intermediation	522100	A small increase is expected as loan officers will be needed to review and process loans while many other banking tasks can be increasingly automated.
Loan Officers	13-2072	All industries		A small increase is expected as loan officers will be needed to review and process loans while many other banking tasks can be increasingly automated.
Tax Examiners and Collectors, and Revenue Agents	13-2081	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A moderate increase is expected as more emphasis is placed on tax enforcement and revenue collection.
Computer and Information Research Scientists	15-1111	Software publishers	511200	A small increase is expected as computer scientists will be needed to design embedded software for the growing number of medical devices.
Computer Systems Analysts	15-1121	General medical and surgical hospitals; private	622100	A large increase is expected as information technology use in healthcare expands, leading to demand for these workers to create the necessary computer systems and networks.
Computer Programmers	15-1131	All industries		A small decrease is expected as this occupation continues to be offshored.
Software Developers, Applications	15-1132	Computer systems design and related services	541500	A small increase is expected as the demand for software applications increases due to mobile applications, increased emphasis on information security, and advances in the uses of information technology in healthcare.
Software Developers, Systems Software	15-1133	All industries		A small increase is expected as more devices are built with embedded software systems and these developers are needed to design the systems.
Software Developers, Systems Software	15-1133	Computer systems design and related services	541500	A moderate increase is expected as the adoption of cloud computing will require new systems software to be designed for many businesses.
Database Administrators	15-1141	All industries		A small increase is expected as the amount of data collected by all industries grows rapidly and database administrators are needed to administer it.
Database Administrators	15-1141	Other information services	519000	A moderate increase is expected as the internet broadcasting and web portal segment of this industry (which employs more database administrators) is growing much faster than the news syndicates and libraries and archives segments of the industry.
Database Administrators	15-1141	General medical and surgical hospitals; private	622100	A large increase is expected as the increasing use of IT in healthcare will lead to an increased use of databases.
Network and Computer Systems Administrators	15-1142	All industries		A small increase is expected as firms in all industries upgrade their networking technology to make it faster and more secure, which will increase the need for these workers to install and maintain the new networking technology and computer systems.
Network and Computer Systems Administrators	15-1142	General medical and surgical hospitals; private	622100	A large increase is expected as information technology networks in hospitals expand and these workers will be needed to install and maintain them.
Computer Support Specialists	15-1150	Telephone call centers	561420	A small decrease is expected as computer support specialists in this industry are offshored.
Computer Support Specialists	15-1150	General medical and surgical hospitals; private	622100	A moderate increase is expected as hospitals increase their use of information technology services and these workers will be needed to provide support.
Information Security Analysts, Web Developers, and Computer Network Architects	15-1179	General medical and surgical hospitals; private	622100	A moderate increase is expected as the use of IT in healthcare expands. Network architects will be needed to design and build new IT networks at hospitals and information security analysts will be needed to devise ways to keep confidential patient information protected.
Information Security Analysts, Web Developers, and Computer Network Architects	15-1179	Other information services	519000	A large increase is expected as the internet broadcasting and web portal segment of this industry (which employs far more of this occupation) is growing much faster than the news syndicates and libraries and archives segments of the industry.
Actuaries	15-2011	Direct insurance (except life, health, and medical) carriers	524120	A moderate increase is expected as more actuaries are needed to assess risks and help develop insurance products in property and casualty insurance such as professional liability insurance.
Mathematicians	15-2021	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A moderate increase is expected as the federal government generates more raw data that will have to be analyzed for information ordering.
Operations Research Analysts	15-2031	Management of companies and enterprises	551000	A moderate increase is expected as operations research analysts become more involved in helping managers and top executives develop and implement strategic plans for organizations.
Statisticians	15-2041	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A moderate increase is expected as more statisticians will be needed to create more complex modeling to compensate for non-response rates on surveys.
Landscape Architects	17-1012	Landscaping services	561730	A moderate decrease is expected as larger general architectural firms have started doing projects that have traditionally been done by landscape architects.
Surveyors	17-1022	State government, excluding education and hospitals	999200	A small decrease is expected as state governments hire surveyors increasingly on a contractual basis because of budgetary constraints.
Surveyors	17-1022	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small decrease is expected as local governments look to hire surveyors increasingly on a contractual basis because of budgetary constraints.
Aerospace Engineers	17-2011	Research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences	541710	A small increase is expected as new testing software will allow aerospace engineers in this industry to provide testing of prototypes to manufacturers at much reduced cost.
Aerospace Engineers	17-2011	Aerospace product and parts manufacturing	336400	A small decrease is expected as new software will antiquate some major tasks of this occupation.
Biomedical Engineers	17-2031	All industries		A very large increase is expected in all industries as advances in biotechnology help to create ever more demand for more advances and application in the medical field of physical rehabilitation.
Chemical Engineers	17-2041	Research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences	541710	A small increase is expected as chemical engineers shift their focus from traditional manufacturing to the expanding field of biotechnology and biomedical engineering.
Civil Engineers	17-2051	State government, excluding education and hospitals	999200	A small decrease is expected as states hire these engineers on a contractual basis because of budgetary constraints.
Civil Engineers	17-2051	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small decrease is expected as local governments hire these engineers on a contractual basis because of budgetary constraints.
Computer Hardware Engineers	17-2061	Computer systems design and related services	541500	A small increase is expected as the growth of cloud computing will increase the demand for this occupation to build the large data centers cloud computing will require.
Electrical Engineers	17-2071	Research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences	541710	A small increase is expected as this occupation's skills will be in increasing demand to help with developments and testing in biomedical engineering.
Electronics Engineers, Except Computer	17-2072	Research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences	541710	A small increase is expected as this occupation's skills in telecommunications will be needed to continue research, development, and testing of new communications technologies.
Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors	17-2111	Management, scientific, and technical consulting services	541600	A small increase is expected as this occupation will be needed to develop methods for reducing accidents and cutting costs in health care, the oil and gas industry, and computer operations systems.
Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors	17-2111	State government, excluding education and hospitals	999200	A small decrease is expected as budgetary pressures on state governments lead to hiring more of these engineers on a contractual basis.
Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors	17-2111	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small decrease is expected as budgetary pressures on local governments lead to hiring more of these engineers on a contractual basis.
Industrial Engineers	17-2112	Aerospace product and parts manufacturing	336400	A small increase is expected as this industry faces increasing pressure from overseas competitors and consequently seeks to cut costs and improve efficiency through better use of methods such as supply chain management.
Materials Engineers	17-2131	Aerospace product and parts manufacturing	336400	A large increase is expected as growing competition from overseas spurs the industry to stay ahead in research and development of new materials for aircraft and spacecraft.
Mechanical Engineers	17-2141	Research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences	541710	A small increase is expected as this occupation's skills allow these engineers to participate in up-and-coming fields such as biomedical engineering, nanotechnology, and alternative energies.
Nuclear Engineers	17-2161	Management, scientific, and technical consulting services	541600	A moderate increase is expected as practitioners of diagnostic medicine seek to make increasing use of this occupation's skills in new technologies such as Positron Emission Topography (PET).
Petroleum Engineers	17-2171	Oil and gas extraction	211000	A small increase is expected as more of these engineers will be needed to find oil and gas in increasingly inhospitable locations.
Petroleum Engineers	17-2171	Support activities for mining	213000	A small increase is expected as more of these engineers will be needed to find oil and gas in increasingly inhospitable locations.
Engineers, All Other	17-2199	Aerospace product and parts manufacturing	336400	A small decrease is expected as fewer engineers will be needed because of increasing pressures on costs from competition overseas and increasing use of software to design and test prototypes.
Architectural and Civil Drafters	17-3011	State government, excluding education and hospitals	999200	A small decrease is expected as state governments adopt new software and business practices that make this occupation obsolete.
Architectural and Civil Drafters	17-3011	Nonresidential building construction	236200	A small decrease is expected as new software continues to lead to new business practices that render traditional work of this occupation obsolete.
Architectural and Civil Drafters	17-3011	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small decrease is expected as local governments adopt new software and business practices that make this occupation's work obsolete.
Electrical and Electronics Drafters	17-3012	Electrical contractors and other wiring installation contractors	238210	A small decrease is expected as new technologies and changes in business practices render much of this occupation's traditional work obsolete.
Electrical and Electronics Drafters	17-3012	Electric power generation, transmission and distribution	221100	A small decrease is expected as new technologies and changes in business practices render much of this occupation's traditional work obsolete.
Electrical and Electronics Drafters	17-3012	Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and control instruments manufacturing	334500	A small decrease is expected as new technologies and changes in business practices render much of this occupation's traditional work obsolete.
Mechanical Drafters	17-3013	Architectural and structural metals manufacturing	332300	A small decrease is expected as new business processes, such as Product Data Management (PDM) and Product Life-cycle Management (PLM), reduces costs but also renders many of this occupation's traditional tasks obsolete.
Drafters, All Other	17-3019	All industries		A small decrease is expected as new software and business practices render this occupation's work obsolete.
Aerospace Engineering and Operations Technicians	17-3021	Aerospace product and parts manufacturing	336400	A small decrease is expected as continuing adoption of software for designing and testing prototypes will reduce the need for these workers.
Civil Engineering Technicians	17-3022	All industries		A small decrease is expected as state & local governments and private firms seek to hire these technicians on a contractual basis to relieve budgetary pressures.
Industrial Engineering Technicians	17-3026	All industries		A small to moderate increase is expected as those industries seeking to reduce accidents and thus cut costs hire more industrial engineering technicians to assist industrial engineers.
Mechanical Engineering Technicians	17-3027	Motor vehicle parts manufacturing	336300	A small decrease is expected as new software allows mechanical engineers to assume increasingly more of this occupation's duties.
Mechanical Engineering Technicians	17-3027	Aerospace product and parts manufacturing	336400	A small decrease is expected as firms in this industry, facing increasing competition from overseas, employ software that allows aerospace engineers to assume increasingly more of this occupation's tasks to reduce costs.
Mechanical Engineering Technicians	17-3027	Research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences	541710	A small decrease is expected as firms in this industry migrate into areas of new industrial activity, such as bioengineering, where this occupation's skills are not easily adaptable.
Biochemists and Biophysicists	19-1021	All industries		A moderate increase is expected as demand for biotechnology research increases, creating a greater need for these workers.
Microbiologists	19-1022	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; State	611300	A small increase is expected as funding for research and enrollments in biology programs are expected to increase at a faster rate than other fields of study.
Microbiologists	19-1022	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A moderate increase is expected as budgets for biology and life science research programs are expected to grow faster than the overall federal government budget.
Microbiologists	19-1022	Research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences	541710	A small increase is expected as funding for biological and life sciences research, especially biotechnology, is expected to grow faster than other types of research.
Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists	19-1023	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small decrease is expected as budget cuts for agencies and departments employing zoologists and wildlife biologists are expected to be larger than other areas of government.
Biological Scientists, All Other	19-1029	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small increase is expected as funding for scientific research programs is expected to fare better than other areas of government in future budgets.
Epidemiologists	19-1041	All industries		A small increase is expected as demand for applied epidemiologist positions grow.
Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists	19-1042	All industries		A moderate increase is expected as biological and life sciences, including biomedical research, receive a greater share of research dollars.
Physicists	19-2012	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small increase is expected as budgets for physics research programs are expected to grow faster than other areas of government.
Physicists	19-2012	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; State	611300	A small increase is expected as funding for research and enrollments in physics programs are expected to increase at a faster rate than the industry as a whole.
Chemists	19-2031	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small increase is expected as budget cuts for programs employing chemists are not expected to be as steep as other areas of federal government.
Chemists	19-2031	Research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences	541710	A small decrease is expected as growth in chemistry research is expected to lag behind research in other fields such as biology and life sciences.
Materials Scientists	19-2032	Research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences	541710	A small increase is expected as materials scientists will be in higher demand than other occupations in this industry because of efficiencies that can be gained from their research. For example, the development of cheaper and higher quality materials can have a wide range of applications including materials for aerospace, energy, and semiconductors and other electronics.
Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers	19-2042	Oil and gas extraction	211000	A small increase is expected as exploration activities, which geoscientists are heavily involved in, are expected to grow faster relative to other activities in the industry.
Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers	19-2042	Support activities for mining	213000	A small increase is expected as exploration activities are expected to increase faster relative to other activities in this industry.
Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers	19-2042	State government, excluding education and hospitals	999200	A small decrease is expected as more work such as testing and sampling is expected to be privatized in the future.
Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers	19-2042	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; State	611300	A small increase is expected as funding and interest in geosciences degree programs and research is expected to increase at a rate above the industry as a whole.
Hydrologists	19-2043	State government, excluding education and hospitals	999200	A small increase is expected as more hydrologists will be needed to help states develop strategies for handling droughts, floods, and other threats to their water supplies.
Physical Scientists, All Other	19-2099	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small increase is expected as funding for scientific research programs is expected to fare better than other areas of government in future budgets.
Survey Researchers	19-3022	Management, scientific, and technical consulting services	541600	A small increase is expected as companies increasingly use surveys and market research to learn about consumer preferences.
Clinical, Counseling, and School Psychologists	19-3031	Outpatient mental health and substance abuse centers	621420	A small decrease is expected as employers directly substitute lower-paid therapists, counselors, and social workers for this occupation.
Industrial-Organizational Psychologists	19-3032	All industries		A small increase is expected as companies increasingly hire these workers to deal with workplace issues.
Psychologists, All Other	19-3039	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small increase is expected as social, experimental, and research psychologists are increasingly used to study human behavior.
Sociologists	19-3041	All industries		A small increase is expected as social, political, and business organizations increasingly employ sociological research to learn about and resolve issues.
Anthropologists and Archeologists	19-3091	Research and development in the social sciences and humanities	541720	A small increase is expected as anthropologists and archaeologists are increasingly used to learn about human development, culture, and behavior.
Anthropologists and Archeologists	19-3091	All industries		A moderate increase is expected as anthropologists and archaeologists are increasingly used to learn about human development, culture, and behavior outside traditional research settings.
Geographers	19-3092	All industries		A large increase is expected as companies utilize geographic data to make informed, geography-based business decisions.
Historians	19-3093	All industries		A small increase is expected as historians are increasingly needed to research and record history, preserve sites and artifacts, and make history accessible to the public.
Political Scientists	19-3094	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small increase is expected as the federal government needs political scientists to analyze increasingly complex policy issues.
Social Scientists and Related Workers, All Other	19-3099	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small increase is expected as the federal government increasingly uses demographers, ethnographers, and other social scientists to understand its citizens and their needs.
Biological Technicians	19-4021	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; State	611300	A moderate increase is expected as funding for research and enrollments in biology programs are expected to increase at a faster rate than other fields of study.
Chemical Technicians	19-4031	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; State	611300	A small increase is expected as the amount of scientific research conducted at large research universities increases faster than other fields of study.
Chemical Technicians	19-4031	Testing laboratories	541380	A small increase is expected as more companies are expected to outsource chemical testing to testing laboratories in the future.
Chemical Technicians	19-4031	Research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences	541710	A small decrease is expected as other areas of scientific research are expected to grow faster than chemistry.
Geological and Petroleum Technicians	19-4041	Oil and gas extraction	211000	A small increase is expected as exploration activities are expected to increase faster relative to other activities in this industry.
Geological and Petroleum Technicians	19-4041	Support activities for mining	213000	A small increase is expected as exploration activities are expected to increase faster relative to other activities in this industry.
Nuclear Technicians	19-4051	Electric power generation, transmission and distribution	221100	A moderate increase is expected as employment in nuclear power generation is expected to grow faster than the industry as a whole due to the opening of new nuclear power plants.
Social Science Research Assistants	19-4061	Research and development in the social sciences and humanities	541720	A small increase is expected as firms increasingly utilize lower-paid research assistants.
Social Science Research Assistants	19-4061	Research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences	541710	A small increase is expected as firms increasingly utilize lower-paid research assistants.
Forensic Science Technicians	19-4092	All industries		A small increase is expected as technological advances and the growing awareness of forensic evidence among the general public will increase the use of forensic evidence in criminal proceedings.
Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselors	21-1011	Residential mental retardation facilities	623210	A small increase is expected as demand for substance abuse treatment increases in this industry.
Educational, Guidance, School, and Vocational Counselors	21-1012	Junior colleges; State	611200	A moderate increase is expected as demand is increasing for career services provided by colleges.
Educational, Guidance, School, and Vocational Counselors	21-1012	Junior colleges; local	611200	A moderate increase is expected as demand is increasing for career services provided by colleges.
Marriage and Family Therapists	21-1013	Outpatient mental health and substance abuse centers	621420	A small increase is expected as marriage and family therapists are preferred over other more expensive mental health care providers, like psychologists.
Mental Health Counselors	21-1014	Outpatient mental health and substance abuse centers	621420	A small increase is expected as mental health counselors are preferred over more expensive workers, like psychologists, who provide similar services.
Mental Health Counselors	21-1014	Offices of mental health practitioners (except physicians)	621330	A small increase is expected as mental health counselors are preferred over more expensive workers, like psychologists, who provide similar services.
Mental Health Counselors	21-1014	Residential mental retardation facilities	623210	A small increase is expected as mental health counselors are preferred over more expensive workers, like psychologists, who provide similar services.
Mental Health Counselors	21-1014	State government, excluding education and hospitals	999200	A moderate increase is expected as mental health counselors are preferred over more expensive workers, like psychologists, that provide similar services.
Mental Health Counselors	21-1014	Offices of physicians	621100	A moderate increase is expected as mental health counselors are preferred over more expensive workers, like psychologists, that provide similar services.
Child, Family, and School Social Workers	21-1021	Services for the elderly and persons with disabilities	624120	A large decrease is expected as demand for services provided by these workers grows slower than demand for direct care services to the elderly, such as home and personal care.
Healthcare Social Workers	21-1022	Nursing care facilities	623100	A small increase is expected as nursing care facilities move towards patient centered care, thereby increasing the need for social workers.
Healthcare Social Workers	21-1022	General medical and surgical hospitals; private	622100	A moderate increase is expected as hospitals move towards patient centered care, thereby increasing the need for social workers.
Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers	21-1023	Outpatient mental health and substance abuse centers	621420	A small increase is expected as social workers are preferred over more expensive workers, like psychologists, who provide similar services.
Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers	21-1023	Offices of mental health practitioners (except physicians)	621330	A small increase is expected as social workers are preferred over more expensive workers, like psychologists, that provide similar services.
Health Educators	21-1091	All industries		A small increase is expected due to an increased emphasis on disease prevention through health education and wellness programs and increased government funding for these programs.
Social and Human Service Assistants	21-1093	Services for the elderly and persons with disabilities	624120	A small decrease is expected as the demand for direct services, such as home care services, increases reducing the proportion of this occupation employed in the industry.
Lawyers	23-1011	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A large increase is expected as budgetary constraints result in cuts to other occupations in federal government.
Administrative Law Judges, Adjudicators, and Hearing Officers	23-1021	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small decrease is expected as budgetary constraints result in cuts to this occupation.
Administrative Law Judges, Adjudicators, and Hearing Officers	23-1021	State government, excluding education and hospitals	999200	A small decrease is expected as budgetary constraints result in cuts to this occupation.
Paralegals and Legal Assistants	23-2011	Legal services	541100	A small increase is expected as firms increasingly substitute relatively low cost paralegals for lawyers and law clerks.
Paralegals and Legal Assistants	23-2011	State government, excluding education and hospitals	999200	A small increase is expected as firms increasingly substitute relatively low cost paralegals for lawyers and law clerks.
Paralegals and Legal Assistants	23-2011	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small increase is expected as firms increasingly substitute relatively low cost paralegals for lawyers and law clerks.
Paralegals and Legal Assistants	23-2011	Employment services	561300	A small increase is expected as firms increasingly substitute relatively low cost paralegals for lawyers and law clerks.
Paralegals and Legal Assistants	23-2011	Management of companies and enterprises	551000	A small increase is expected as firms increasingly substitute relatively low cost paralegals for lawyers and law clerks.
Paralegals and Legal Assistants	23-2011	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small increase is expected as firms increasingly substitute relatively low cost paralegals for lawyers and law clerks.
Paralegals and Legal Assistants	23-2011	All industries		A small increase is expected as firms increasingly substitute relatively low cost paralegals for lawyers and law clerks.
Title Examiners, Abstractors, and Searchers	23-2093	Direct insurance (except life, health, and medical) carriers	524120	A small decrease is expected as regulatory changes make it more difficult for these workers to handle services directly.
Title Examiners, Abstractors, and Searchers	23-2093	Legal services	541100	A small decrease is expected as electronic databases improve the productivity of these workers and as tasks that were once handled by title examiners are now handled by paralegals.
Kindergarten Teachers, Except Special Education	25-2012	Elementary and secondary schools; local	611100	A small increase is expected as kindergarten enrollment is projected to increase relative to enrollment overall.
Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education	25-2021	Elementary and secondary schools; local	611100	A small increase is expected as elementary school enrollment is projected to increase relative to enrollment overall.
Middle School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education	25-2022	Elementary and secondary schools; local	611100	A small increase is expected as middle school enrollment is projected to increase relative to enrollment overall.
Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education	25-2031	All industries		A small decrease is expected as enrollment is not growing for students in these grades.
Career/Technical Education Teachers, Secondary School	25-2032	Elementary and secondary schools; local	611100	A small decrease is expected as slower enrollment is projected for these grades.
Special Education Teachers, Preschool, Kindergarten, and Elementary School	25-2041	Elementary and secondary schools; local	611100	A small increase is expected as enrollment growth expected in these grades is faster than overall enrollment growth.
Special Education Teachers, Preschool, Kindergarten, and Elementary School	25-2041	Elementary and secondary schools; State	611100	A small increase is expected as enrollment growth expected in these grades is faster than overall enrollment growth.
Special Education Teachers, Middle School	25-2053	Elementary and secondary schools; local	611100	A small increase is expected as enrollment growth expected in these grades is faster than overall enrollment growth.
Special Education Teachers, Middle School	25-2053	Elementary and secondary schools; State	611100	A small increase is expected as enrollment growth expected in these grades is faster than overall enrollment growth.
Special Education Teachers, Secondary School	25-2054	Elementary and secondary schools; State	611100	A small decrease is expected as enrollment growth in these grades is projected to be slower than overall enrollment growth.
Curators	25-4012	Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions	712000	A moderate increase is expected as the growth in small and midsize facilities will increase the demand for curators who are often the only employee in these establishments.
Librarians	25-4021	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small increase is expected as librarians will continue to be needed for research and archiving, and therefore will not be as impacted by budgetary employment declines as other occupations.
Librarians	25-4021	Other information services	519000	A small decrease is expected as the portions of this industry that employ librarians are likely to grow slower than the rest of the industry.
Librarians	25-4021	Legal services	541100	A small decrease is expected as technology allows legal professionals to do more of their own research.
Librarians	25-4021	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; private	611300	A small decrease is expected as students increasingly use the Internet for research, decreasing demand for library services.
Librarians	25-4021	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; State	611300	A small decrease is expected as students increasingly use the Internet for research, decreasing demand for library services.
Library Technicians	25-4031	Other information services	519000	A small decrease is expected as the portions of this industry that employ library technicians are likely to grow slower than the rest of the industry.
Library Technicians	25-4031	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; private	611300	A small decrease is expected as students increasingly use the Internet for research, decreasing demand for library services.
Library Technicians	25-4031	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; State	611300	A small decrease is expected as students increasingly use the Internet for research, decreasing demand for library services.
Instructional Coordinators	25-9031	Elementary and secondary schools; local	611100	A small increase is expected as more instructional coordinators are needed to improve teacher effectiveness.
Art Directors	27-1011	Advertising, public relations, and related services	541800	A small increase is expected as art directors are increasingly used to oversee projects and are necessary for firms to solicit new work in advertising.
Fine Artists, Including Painters, Sculptors, and Illustrators	27-1013	Independent artists, writers, and performers	711500	A small increase is expected as more fine artists work as independent contractors, rather than being employed directly by publishing houses and other employers.
Multimedia Artists and Animators	27-1014	Software publishers	511200	A small increase is expected as more animators and artists are needed to create graphics and animation for mobile games and applications.
Floral Designers	27-1023	Other general merchandise stores	452900	A moderate decrease is expected as general merchandising stores as flowers are sold in large bunches and not in arrangements.
Graphic Designers	27-1024	Printing and related support activities	323000	A small increase is expected as graphics continue to remain important for print publications.
Graphic Designers	27-1024	Computer systems design and related services	541500	A small increase is expected as graphics become increasingly important in software products.
Set and Exhibit Designers	27-1027	Theater companies and dinner theaters	711110	A small decrease is expected as theatre, ballet, and other performing arts companies will continue to contract out set design work to freelancers or outside design studios.
Coaches and Scouts	27-2022	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; State	611300	A small increase is expected as students' participation in physical fitness, recreation and entertainment increases.
Coaches and Scouts	27-2022	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; private	611300	A small increase is expected as students' participation in physical fitness, recreation and entertainment increases.
Coaches and Scouts	27-2022	Fitness and recreational sports centers	713940	A small increase is expected as students' participation in physical fitness, recreation and entertainment increases.
Coaches and Scouts	27-2022	Other schools and instruction; private	611600	A moderate increase is expected as students' participation in physical fitness, recreation and entertainment increases.
Coaches and Scouts	27-2022	Elementary and secondary schools; local	611100	A large increase is expected as students' participation in physical fitness, recreation and entertainment increases.
Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials	27-2023	Spectator sports	711200	A small increase is expected as participation in physical fitness, recreation and entertainment increases.
Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials	27-2023	Elementary and secondary schools; local	611100	A small increase is expected as participation in physical fitness, recreation and entertainment increases.
Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials	27-2023	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A moderate increase is expected as participation in physical fitness, recreation and entertainment increases.
Dancers	27-2031	Drinking places (alcoholic beverages)	722400	A moderate decrease is expected as establishments in this industry that employ dancers are not growing as fast as the rest of the industry.
Public Relations Specialists	27-3031	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small increase is expected as organizations will rely on public relations specialists to effectively use new types of media.
Public Relations Specialists	27-3031	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; State	611300	A small increase is expected as organizations will rely on public relations specialists to effectively use new types of media.
Public Relations Specialists	27-3031	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; private	611300	A small increase is expected as organizations will rely on public relations specialists to effectively use new types of media.
Public Relations Specialists	27-3031	Social advocacy organizations	813300	A small increase is expected as organizations will rely on public relations specialists to effectively use new types of media.
Public Relations Specialists	27-3031	Management of companies and enterprises	551000	A small increase is expected as organizations will rely on public relations specialists to effectively use new types of media.
Public Relations Specialists	27-3031	Advertising, public relations, and related services	541800	A small increase is expected as organizations will rely on public relations specialists to effectively use new types of media.
Public Relations Specialists	27-3031	Grantmaking and giving services	813200	A small increase is expected as organizations will rely on public relations specialists to effectively use new types of media.
Editors	27-3041	Newspaper publishers	511110	A small decrease is expected as newspapers look to reduce costs in the face of falling revenues and competition from online news.
Technical Writers	27-3042	Software publishers	511200	A small decrease is expected as more software is released directly to the web. Internet forums and FAQ pages provide answers to user questions, reducing the need for extensive how-to manuals.
Interpreters and Translators	27-3091	All industries		A moderate increase is expected as the growing number of immigrants leads to increased demand for these workers.
Audio and Video Equipment Technicians	27-4011	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; private	611300	A small increase is expected as individuals and organizations increase their use of audiovisual equipment, requiring more technicians to maintain such equipment.
Audio and Video Equipment Technicians	27-4011	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; State	611300	A small increase is expected as individuals and organizations increase their use of audiovisual equipment, requiring more technicians to maintain such equipment.
Sound Engineering Technicians	27-4014	Sound recording industries	512200	A large increase is expected as increases in productivity reduce the need for other occupations in the industry, giving this occupation a larger share of employment.
Photographers	27-4021	Newspaper publishers	511110	A small decrease is expected as photography is outsourced to freelance photographers.
Camera Operators, Television, Video, and Motion Picture	27-4031	Television broadcasting	515120	A small decrease is expected as the installation of automated cameras in broadcasting will reduce the need for operators.
Dentists, General	29-1021	Offices of dentists	621200	A small decrease is expected as dentists continue to hire more dental assistants and dental hygienists to help them perform routine tasks.
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons	29-1022	Offices of dentists	621200	A small decrease is expected as the increasing number of dental assistants and dental hygienists decreases the share of oral and maxillofacial surgeons in offices of dentists.
Orthodontists	29-1023	Offices of dentists	621200	A small decrease is expected as the increasing number of dental assistants and dental hygienists decreases the share of orthodontists in offices of dentists.
Dentists, All Other Specialists	29-1029	Offices of dentists	621200	A small decrease is expected as the increasing number of dental assistants and dental hygienists decreases the share of dentists in offices of dentists.
Podiatrists	29-1081	Offices of all other health practitioners	621390	A moderate decrease is expected as a lack of insurance coverage for podiatric services leads to reduced need for podiatrists relative to other health professionals.
Podiatrists	29-1081	Offices of physicians	621100	A moderate decrease is expected as a lack of insurance coverage for podiatric services leads to reduced need for podiatrists relative to other health professionals.
Registered Nurses	29-1111	Offices of physicians	621100	A small increase is expected as registered nurses are increasingly performing tasks of higher paid workers when appropriate in order to contain costs.
Registered Nurses	29-1111	General medical and surgical hospitals; local	622100	A small increase is expected as registered nurses are increasingly performing tasks of higher paid workers when appropriate in order to contain costs.
Registered Nurses	29-1111	General medical and surgical hospitals; private	622100	A small increase is expected as registered nurses are increasingly performing tasks of higher paid workers when appropriate in order to contain costs.
Registered Nurses	29-1111	Home health care services	621600	A small decrease is expected as registered nurses take on other responsibilities and are replaced with more cost-effective home health aides.
Respiratory Therapists	29-1126	All industries		A small increase is expected as respiratory therapists are increasingly utilized over technicians because of their expertise.
Veterinarians	29-1131	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A moderate increase is expected as a growing population and consumption patterns will require more veterinarians to inspect food and livestock, ensure food safety and security, and enforce other public health initiatives.
Audiologists	29-1181	Offices of physicians	621100	A moderate increase is expected as hearing and balance problems will grow faster relative to other ailments due to the aging population.
Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists	29-2011	Offices of physicians	621100	A small decrease is expected as more hospitals and offices of physicians outsource services to medical and diagnostic laboratories.
Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists	29-2011	General medical and surgical hospitals; private	622100	A small decrease is expected as more hospitals and offices of physicians outsource services to medical and diagnostic laboratories.
Cardiovascular Technologists and Technicians	29-2031	All industries		A small increase is expected as heart problems will grow faster relative to other ailments due to the aging population.
Diagnostic Medical Sonographers	29-2032	All industries		A moderate increase is expected as sonography expands as a diagnostic tool in place of more invasive methods.
Radiologic Technologists and Technicians	29-2037	All industries		A small increase is expected as non-invasive diagnostic procedures are used in place of more invasive methods.
Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics	29-2041	All industries		A small increase is expected as demand for specialized emergency responders increases.
Psychiatric Technicians	29-2053	Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals; private	622200	A small increase is expected as less expensive psychiatric technicians are employed as a cost cutting measure.
Psychiatric Technicians	29-2053	Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals; State	622200	A small increase is expected as less expensive psychiatric technicians are employed as a cost cutting measure.
Psychiatric Technicians	29-2053	Residential mental health and substance abuse facilities	623220	A small increase is expected as less expensive psychiatric technicians are employed as a cost cutting measure.
Respiratory Therapy Technicians	29-2054	All industries		A small decrease is expected as respiratory therapists are increasingly utilized over technicians because of their expertise.
Veterinary Technologists and Technicians	29-2056	All industries		A small increase is expected as establishments increasingly replace less-skilled veterinary assistants with higher-qualified veterinary technologists and technicians.
Athletic Trainers	29-9091	All industries		A small increase is expected as schools and legislators focus on younger athletes and their injuries, more athletic trainers will be focused in this area.
Home Health Aides	31-1011	All industries		A small increase is expected as aides are used over nurses and other more expensive health care workers to reduce costs.
Massage Therapists	31-9011	All industries		A small increase is expected as massage therapy continues to become a more widely accepted means of achieving overall wellness.
Medical Assistants	31-9092	General medical and surgical hospitals; private	622100	A small increase is expected as physicians continue to hire more assistants to help them perform routine tasks.
Medical Transcriptionists	31-9094	Offices of physicians	621100	A moderate decrease is expected as improvements in speech recognition technology and other advances should continue to significantly improve medical transcriptionist productivity
Medical Transcriptionists	31-9094	General medical and surgical hospitals; local	622100	A moderate decrease is expected as improvements in speech recognition technology and other advances should continue to significantly improve medical transcriptionist productivity
Medical Transcriptionists	31-9094	General medical and surgical hospitals; private	622100	A moderate decrease is expected as improvements in speech recognition technology and other advances should continue to significantly improve medical transcriptionist productivity
Veterinary Assistants and Laboratory Animal Caretakers	31-9096	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; State	611300	A small increase is expected as laboratory animal caretakers will be needed to care for animals in growing research fields such as biomedical and pharmaceutical research.
Veterinary Assistants and Laboratory Animal Caretakers	31-9096	Research and development in the physical, engineering, and life sciences	541710	A small increase is expected as laboratory animal caretakers will be needed to care for animals in growing research fields such as biomedical and pharmaceutical research.
Veterinary Assistants and Laboratory Animal Caretakers	31-9096	Veterinary services	541940	A moderate decrease is expected as veterinary practices shift toward employing higher-skilled veterinary technicians and technologists in place of veterinary assistants.
First-Line Supervisors of Correctional Officers	33-1011	Facilities support services	561200	A small decrease is expected as slow growth of prisons reduces the ratio of corrections managers.
First-Line Supervisors of Protective Service Workers, All Other	33-1099	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small increase is expected as more protective service workers are needed to maintain public safety.
First-Line Supervisors of Protective Service Workers, All Other	33-1099	Investigation, guard, and armored car services	561610	A small decrease is expected as surveillance technology reduces demand for investigation services managers.
Detectives and Criminal Investigators	33-3021	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small increase is expected as more background checks are needed for the continued public safety of the growing population.
Private Detectives and Investigators	33-9021	Depository credit intermediation	522100	A small increase is expected as security concerns and work related to protecting banks from crimes such as theft and fraud rise.
Private Detectives and Investigators	33-9021	Investigation, guard, and armored car services	561610	A small increase is expected as more employers require background checks for new employees. In addition, demand will continue for safe transport of valuable items.
Security Guards	33-9032	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small increase is expected as demand for protection services will increase as the population grows.
Crossing Guards	33-9091	Other support services	561900	A small increase is expected as the duties of crossing guards are outsourced.
Crossing Guards	33-9091	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small decrease is expected as many parts of the country do not require these workers because local populations are not very dense.
Lifeguards, Ski Patrol, and Other Recreational Protective Service Workers	33-9092	Amusement parks and arcades	713100	A small increase is expected as more amusement parks have water attractions that require lifeguards.
Lifeguards, Ski Patrol, and Other Recreational Protective Service Workers	33-9092	Fitness and recreational sports centers	713940	A small decrease is expected as fitness centers focus on hiring individuals with a more broad skill set over those with expertise in a specific area. This is likely to be especially true at small facilities that have no need for these workers.
Transportation Security Screeners (Federal Only)	33-9093	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A moderate increase is expected as concern for transportation security continues and screening practices continue to evolve.
Protective Service Workers, All Other	33-9099	Other general merchandise stores	452900	A small increase is expected as stores attempt to protect their profits by hiring more workers to provide surveillance and to deter theft.
Protective Service Workers, All Other	33-9099	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small decrease is expected as protective services are outsourced to other industries.
First-Line Supervisors of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers	37-1011	All industries		A small decrease is expected as housekeeping and janitorial services are increasingly outsourced.
Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners	37-2011	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small decrease is expected as organizations in this industry increasingly outsource janitorial services.
Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners	37-2011	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; State	611300	A small decrease is expected as organizations in this industry increasingly outsource janitorial services.
Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners	37-2012	General medical and surgical hospitals; local	622100	A small decrease is expected as more of these services are outsourced to cleaning contractors.
Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners	37-2012	General medical and surgical hospitals; private	622100	A small decrease is expected as more of these services are outsourced to cleaning contractors.
Pesticide Handlers, Sprayers, and Applicators, Vegetation	37-3012	Miscellaneous nondurable goods merchant wholesalers	424900	A very large increase is expected as merchant wholesalers sales of products and applicators increases.
Pesticide Handlers, Sprayers, and Applicators, Vegetation	37-3012	Landscaping services	561730	A moderate decrease is expected as more of these services are outsourced to cleaning contractors.
Gaming Supervisors	39-1011	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small increase is expected as Indian casinos increase faster than local government overall.
Slot Supervisors	39-1012	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small increase is expected as Indian casinos increase faster than local government overall.
Slot Supervisors	39-1012	Gambling industries	713200	A moderate decrease is expected as the growing popularity of table games over slot machines and the replacement of existing cash slot machines with video slots and ticket-in ticket-out slot machines.
Slot Supervisors	39-1012	Casino hotels	721120	A moderate decrease is expected as the growing popularity of table games over slot machines and the increasing focus on non-casino amenities in this industry.
First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers	39-1021	Residential mental retardation facilities	623210	A small decrease is expected as an indirect result of increases in the number of home health aides.
First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers	39-1021	Services for the elderly and persons with disabilities	624120	A small decrease is expected as an indirect result of increases in the number of home health aides.
First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers	39-1021	Personal care services	812100	A moderate decrease is expected as personal care workers increasingly work on their own rather than under supervision.
Animal Trainers	39-2011	Other personal services	812900	A moderate increase is expected as owners increase spending on pets and pet care services such as training grow more popular.
Animal Trainers	39-2011	Other miscellaneous store retailers	453900	A moderate increase is expected as animal training services are increasingly offered in pet and pet supplies stores.
Nonfarm Animal Caretakers	39-2021	Veterinary services	541940	A small increase is expected as more clinics and animal hospitals offer grooming services and overnight services.
Nonfarm Animal Caretakers	39-2021	Other personal services	812900	A moderate increase is expected as owners increase spending on pets and pet care services such as grooming and training.
Nonfarm Animal Caretakers	39-2021	Other miscellaneous store retailers	453900	A moderate increase is expected as more pet and pet supply stores offer pet care services such as grooming.
Gaming Dealers	39-3011	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small increase is expected as the increase in Indian casinos increases the amount of gaming workers in local government.
Gaming Dealers	39-3011	Gambling industries	713200	A small increase is expected as table games increase in popularity and are added to existing slot only establishments.
Gaming Dealers	39-3011	Casino hotels	721120	A small increase is expected as table games increase in popularity and are added to existing slot only establishments.
Gaming Service Workers, All Other	39-3019	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small increase is expected as Indian casinos increase faster than local government overall.
Motion Picture Projectionists	39-3021	Motion picture and video exhibition	512130	A small decrease is expected as the use of digital film will reduce the need for projectionists in movie theaters.
Locker Room, Coatroom, and Dressing Room Attendants	39-3093	Personal care services	812100	A small increase is expected as the industry segment that includes day spas and employs coatroom attendants is expected to increase faster than other industry segments.
Locker Room, Coatroom, and Dressing Room Attendants	39-3093	Department stores	452100	A small decrease is expected as discount department stores, which employ fewer dressing room attendants, grow faster than traditional department stores.
Funeral Service Managers, Directors, Morticians, and Undertakers	39-4831	All industries		A small increase is expected as they increasingly care for families in their time of need by handling more of the burden, and simplifying the decisions families need to make during bereavement.
Barbers	39-5011	Personal care services	812100	A moderate decrease is expected as the work of barbers is increasingly performed by hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists.
Hairdressers, Hairstylists, and Cosmetologists	39-5012	Personal care services	812100	A small increase is expected as the work of barbers is increasingly performed by hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists.
Hairdressers, Hairstylists, and Cosmetologists	39-5012	Department stores	452100	A small decrease is expected as fewer department stores offer services by hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists.
Shampooers	39-5093	Personal care services	812100	A large decrease is expected as work is increasingly being performed by other personal care services workers.
Skincare Specialists	39-5094	Personal care services	812100	A small increase is expected as the aging population and proliferation of anti-aging remedies increases.
Skincare Specialists	39-5094	Offices of physicians	621100	A moderate increase is expected as more doctors, primarily those involved in cosmetic procedures, employ skin care specialists.
Baggage Porters and Bellhops	39-6011	Support activities for air transportation	488100	A small increase is expected as enhanced airport security measures create demand for more workers to handle baggage and to support general airport operations.
Baggage Porters and Bellhops	39-6011	Scheduled air transportation	481100	A small decrease is expected as airlines outsource some of these jobs in an attempt to combat the growing cost of fuel.
Tour Guides and Escorts	39-7011	Scenic and sightseeing transportation, land	487100	A small increase is expected as the population ages and finds more time for recreational activities after retirement.
Tour Guides and Escorts	39-7011	Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions	712000	A small increase is expected as the population ages and finds more time for recreational activities after retirement.
Personal Care Aides	39-9021	All industries		A small increase is expected as aides are used over nurses and other more expensive employees to save in costs.
Fitness Trainers and Aerobics Instructors	39-9031	Fitness and recreational sports centers	713940	A small increase is expected as more trainers are being hired to cover the wide variety of specialty courses that are in demand.
Fitness Trainers and Aerobics Instructors	39-9031	Other schools and instruction; private	611600	A small decrease is expected as the increasing number of other occupations decreases the share of trainers and instructors in this industry.
Recreation Workers	39-9032	Nursing care facilities	623100	A small increase is expected as the active aging population continues to create a demand for workers in this area.
Recreation Workers	39-9032	Community care facilities for the elderly	623300	A small increase is expected as the active aging population continues to create a demand for workers in this area.
First-Line Supervisors of Non-Retail Sales Workers	41-1012	Postal service	491100	A very large decrease is expected as sales staff will be cut as post offices attempt to cut costs.
Cashiers	41-2011	Department stores	452100	A small increase is expected as discount department stores, which typically employ cashiers in larger proportions, are expected to grow faster than other types of department stores.
Cashiers	41-2011	Building material and supplies dealers	444100	A small decrease is expected as firms continue to expand and improve their self-service options for customers.
Gaming Change Persons and Booth Cashiers	41-2012	All industries		A moderate decrease is expected as the use of cashless slot machines and automatic payout machines grows.
Retail Salespersons	41-2031	Other general merchandise stores	452900	A small increase is expected as retail establishments devote more resources to customer service.
Retail Salespersons	41-2031	Automobile dealers	441100	A small increase is expected as retail establishments devote more resources to customer service.
Retail Salespersons	41-2031	Building material and supplies dealers	444100	A small increase is expected as retail establishments devote more resources to customer service.
Retail Salespersons	41-2031	Used merchandise stores	453300	A small increase is expected as retail establishments devote more resources to customer service.
Retail Salespersons	41-2031	Office supplies, stationery, and gift stores	453200	A small increase is expected as retail establishments devote more resources to customer service.
Retail Salespersons	41-2031	Furniture stores	442100	A small increase is expected as retail establishments devote more resources to customer service.
Retail Salespersons	41-2031	Department stores	452100	A small decrease is expected as the duties of these workers in department stores are consolidated.
Advertising Sales Agents	41-3011	Newspaper publishers	511110	A small increase is expected as sales agents are kept on to maintain revenues in a declining industry.
Advertising Sales Agents	41-3011	Advertising, public relations, and related services	541800	A small increase is expected as digital advertising will require more of these workers.
Advertising Sales Agents	41-3011	Other information services	519000	A moderate increase is expected as digital advertising will require more of these workers, this is especially true in the sub-industry, internet publishing.
Insurance Sales Agents	41-3021	Direct insurance (except life, health, and medical) carriers	524120	A small increase is expected as the process of contracting and signing new customers will remain labor-intensive.
Insurance Sales Agents	41-3021	Insurance agencies and brokerages	524210	A small increase is expected as the process of contracting and signing new customers will remain labor-intensive.
Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents	41-3031	Other financial investment activities	523900	A small increase is expected as restrictions on proprietary trading will result in a shift of securities traders from investment and commercial banks to hedge funds.
Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products	41-4011	Wholesale electronic markets and agents and brokers	425000	A small increase is expected as sales representatives are outsourced to independent sales agencies.
Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products	41-4011	Drugs and druggists' sundries merchant wholesalers	424200	A small increase is expected as sales representatives are outsourced to drugs wholesalers.
Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products	41-4012	Wholesale electronic markets and agents and brokers	425000	A small increase is expected as sales representatives are outsourced to independent sales agencies.
Real Estate Sales Agents	41-9022	All industries		A small increase is expected as technology and mobile offices enable agents to do their work with fewer office support staff.
Sales Engineers	41-9031	Wholesale electronic markets and agents and brokers	425000	A moderate increase is expected as sales engineers will be outsourced to independent sales agencies.
Sales Engineers	41-9031	Professional and commercial equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	423400	A moderate decrease is expected as sales engineers will be outsourced to independent sales agencies.
Telemarketers	41-9041	Telephone call centers	561420	A moderate decrease is expected as these workers continue to be offshored.
Sales and Related Workers, All Other	41-9799	Grantmaking and giving services	813200	A small increase is expected as these organizations place more emphasis on increasing a customer or client base.
Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service	43-2011	All industries		A large decrease is expected as firms increasingly use automated phone services in lieu of employing switchboard operators.
Telephone Operators	43-2021	All industries		A moderate decrease is expected as automation and an increasing use of internet-connected cellular phones and computers for communication and information needs lessens demand for these workers.
Bill and Account Collectors	43-3011	Offices of physicians	621100	A small increase is expected as healthcare providers are less likely to outsource their collections work and the rising cost of healthcare increases the amount of debt they are owed.
Bill and Account Collectors	43-3011	Management of companies and enterprises	551000	A small decrease is expected as companies outsource their collection departments to third party agencies and offshore locations.
Billing and Posting Clerks	43-3021	Offices of physicians	621100	A small decrease is expected as these workers are outsourced to other industries.
Billing and Posting Clerks	43-3021	Office administrative services	561100	A moderate increase is expected as companies outsource their billing services to this industry.
Billing and Posting Clerks	43-3021	Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services	541200	A moderate increase is expected as companies outsource their billing services to this industry.
Gaming Cage Workers	43-3041	All industries		A moderate decrease is expected as transactions at casinos and other gambling establishments are increasingly self-service.
Procurement Clerks	43-3061	Federal government, excluding postal service	999100	A small decrease is expected as procurement work becomes automated.
Brokerage Clerks	43-4011	All industries		A small decrease is expected as automation of securities transactions reduces the need for these workers.
Correspondence Clerks	43-4021	All industries		A large decrease is expected as automation continues to reduce the need for these workers and as their duties increasingly are handled by other occupations.
Credit Authorizers, Checkers, and Clerks	43-4041	All industries		A small decrease is expected as the availability of credit reports online reduces the need for these workers.
Customer Service Representatives	43-4051	Depository credit intermediation	522100	A small increase is expected as banks emphasize good customer service to improve customer retention.
Customer Service Representatives	43-4051	Telephone call centers	561420	A moderate increase is expected as firms emphasize good customer service to improve customer retention.
File Clerks	43-4071	All industries		A large decrease is expected as the growing use of electronic files continues to lead to large workload declines and as their duties increasingly are handled by other occupations.
Library Assistants, Clerical	43-4121	Other information services	519000	A small decrease is expected as the portions of this industry that employ library assistants are likely to grow slower than the rest of the industry.
Loan Interviewers and Clerks	43-4131	Depository credit intermediation	522100	A small decrease is expected as the use of online loan applications will reduce the need for these workers.
Loan Interviewers and Clerks	43-4131	Other nondepository credit intermediation, including real estate credit and consumer lending	522290	A small decrease is expected as the use of online loan applications will reduce the need for these workers.
Loan Interviewers and Clerks	43-4131	Activities related to credit intermediation	522300	A small decrease is expected as the use of online loan applications will reduce the need for these workers.
Order Clerks	43-4151	Telephone call centers	561420	A moderate decrease is expected as duties previously done by these workers are done by workers in other occupations and customers increasingly place orders online.
Order Clerks	43-4151	Management of companies and enterprises	551000	A moderate decrease is expected as duties previously done by these workers are done by workers in other occupations and customers increasingly place orders online.
Order Clerks	43-4151	Wired telecommunications carriers	517100	A moderate decrease is expected as duties previously done by these workers are done by workers in other occupations and customers increasingly place orders online.
Order Clerks	43-4151	Warehousing and storage	493000	A large decrease is expected as duties previously done by these workers are done by workers in other occupations and customers increasingly place orders online.
Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping	43-4161	Management, scientific, and technical consulting services	541600	A moderate decrease is expected as work previously done by this occupation is automated or given to workers in other occupations.
Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping	43-4161	Depository credit intermediation	522100	A moderate decrease is expected as work previously done by this occupation is automated or given to workers in other occupations.
Receptionists and Information Clerks	43-4171	Offices of physicians	621100	A small increase is expected as these workers keep medical offices running smoothly by answering phones, helping patients, clients and visitors.
Receptionists and Information Clerks	43-4171	Offices of dentists	621200	A small increase is expected as these workers keep medical offices running smoothly by answering phones, helping patients, clients and visitors.
Receptionists and Information Clerks	43-4171	Employment services	561300	A small decrease is expected as some of the duties of these workers are assumed by those in other occupations.
Receptionists and Information Clerks	43-4171	Veterinary services	541940	A small decrease is expected as some of the duties of these workers are assumed by those in other occupations.
Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and Travel Clerks	43-4181	Travel agencies	561510	A small decrease is expected as tasks previously done by workers in this occupation are automated.
Postal Service Clerks	43-5051	All industries		A moderate decrease is expected as much of this work is automated due to self-serve shipping stations, stamp machines, and automated bill-pay.
Postal Service Mail Carriers	43-5052	All industries		A moderate increase is expected as population expands, housing needs, which includes mail boxes, will expand, increasing the need for carriers.
Postal Service Mail Sorters, Processors, and Processing Machine Operators	43-5053	All industries		A moderate decrease is expected as technology automates much of this work reducing the need for services they provide.
Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks	43-5071	All industries		A small decline is expected as the growing use of radio frequency identification (RFID), automation, and other types of sensors increase the productivity of this occupation.
Stock Clerks and Order Fillers	43-5081	All industries		A small decline is expected as the growing use of radio frequency identification (RFID) will make this occupation more productive.
Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping	43-5111	Other support services	561900	A small decline is expected as the use of radio frequency identification (RFID) and automation grows making this occupation more productive relative to other services this industry provides.
Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants	43-6011	Securities and commodity contracts intermediation and brokerage	523100	A small increase is expected as increasing regulation leads to more paperwork. The trend is more positive in this financial services industry than in any other that employs executive secretaries.
Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants	43-6011	Offices of physicians	621100	A small decrease is expected as executive secretaries are replaced by medical secretaries, who are normally less experienced and less expensive. Medical secretaries may have specific knowledge of medical terminology.
Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants	43-6011	Legal services	541100	A small decrease is expected as executive secretaries are replaced by legal secretaries. Legal secretaries may have training in legal terminology.
Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants	43-6011	Colleges, universities, and professional schools; private	611300	A small decrease is expected as budget constraints restrict some managers from having executive administrative assistants.
Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants	43-6011	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small decrease is expected as budget constraints restrict some managers from having executive administrative assistants.
Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants	43-6011	State government, excluding education and hospitals	999200	A small decrease is expected as budget constraints restrict some managers from having executive administrative assistants.
Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants	43-6011	Employment services	561300	A small decrease is expected as budget constraints restrict some managers from having executive administrative assistants.
Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants	43-6011	Management of companies and enterprises	551000	A small decrease is expected as budget constraints restrict some managers from having executive administrative assistants.
Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants	43-6011	Depository credit intermediation	522100	A small decrease is expected as budget constraints restrict some managers from having executive administrative assistants.
Legal Secretaries	43-6012	All industries		A small decrease is expected as budgets are constrained, pushing more work on to managers as they can no longer afford secretaries.
Medical Secretaries	43-6013	Offices of chiropractors	621310	A small increase is expected as increasingly complicated insurance paperwork makes processing medical records, correspondence, and other paperwork more important.
Medical Secretaries	43-6013	Offices of physicians	621100	A small increase is expected as increasingly complicated health care regulations and insurance make processing medical records, correspondence, and other paperwork more important.
Medical Secretaries	43-6013	General medical and surgical hospitals; private	622100	A small increase is expected across industries as increasingly complicated health care regulations and insurance make processing medical records, correspondence, and other paperwork more important.
Medical Secretaries	43-6013	Offices of dentists	621200	A moderate increase is expected as increasingly complicated insurance paperwork makes processing medical records more important in this fast growing and highly profitable industry.
Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive	43-6014	All industries		A small decrease is expected as budget constraints restrict some managers from having administrative assistants.
Computer Operators	43-9011	All industries		A moderate decline is expected across all industries as automation and technology negates the need for these workers.
Data Entry Keyers	43-9021	All industries		A moderate decrease is expected as tasks are increasingly automated and information is increasingly collected via the internet.
Word Processors and Typists	43-9022	All industries		A moderate decrease is expected as workers in office occupations do this work themselves or employ secretaries, administrative assistants, or receptionists.
Insurance Claims and Policy Processing Clerks	43-9041	Insurance agencies and brokerages	524210	A small increase is expected as this work shifts from carriers to agencies and brokerages.
Insurance Claims and Policy Processing Clerks	43-9041	Direct insurance (except life, health, and medical) carriers	524120	A small decrease is expected as this work shifts from carriers to agencies and brokerages.
Office Machine Operators, Except Computer	43-9071	All industries		A moderate decrease is expected as advanced technology and automation creates less demand for these workers.
First-Line Supervisors of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers	47-1011	Nonresidential building construction	236200	A small increase is expected as the streamlining of employment, such as reducing administrative staff, will reduce these non-craft workers relative to supervisors.
Brickmasons and Blockmasons	47-2021	Nonresidential building construction	236200	A small decrease is expected as nonresidential builders are increasingly hiring contractors instead of full-time workers.
Carpet Installers	47-2041	Home furnishings stores	442200	A small decrease is expected as consumers switch to other floor coverings.
Floor Layers, Except Carpet, Wood, and Hard Tiles	47-2042	All industries		A small decrease is expected across all industries as laminates lose market share to tile and wood, causing the need for fewer installers.
Tile and Marble Setters	47-2044	All industries		A small increase is expected as the tile continues to gain in popularity.
Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers	47-2051	Masonry contractors	238140	A small increase is expected as the recovery from the recession will result in a disproportionate bounce back of workers in this industry.
Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers	47-2051	Poured concrete foundation and structure contractors	238110	A small increase is expected as continuing streamlining of operations to reduce non-craft workers, such as administrative staff, will result in a higher proportion of masons and finishers in this industry.
Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers	47-2051	Highway, street, and bridge construction	237300	A small increase is expected as cement masons are used on nearly all highway projects, and increasing demand for repair work, which is more labor intensive, will cause cement masons to become a greater share of road construction employment.
Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers	47-2051	Other specialty trade contractors	238900	A small decrease is expected as higher productivity of cement masons allows masons to perform more work without adding additional people as compared to other occupations.
Terrazzo Workers and Finishers	47-2053	All industries		A small decrease is expected as the small terrazzo market is not growing as fast as other masonry related markets.
Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment Operators	47-2071	State government, excluding education and hospitals	999200	A moderate decrease is expected as major state road projects are completed.
Pile-Driver Operators	47-2072	All industries		A small increase is expected as there is a large amount of infrastructure repair work to be done as construction also moves into more areas that needs sculpting of land for building increasing the need for piles.
Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators	47-2073	Other specialty trade contractors	238900	A small increase is expected as construction recovers from the recession and more contracted equipment is used by general contractors. Additionally, streamlined operations with fewer nonoperators, such as office support staff, will result in a greater share of employment.
Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers	47-2081	Drywall and insulation contractors	238310	A small increase is expected as demand for homebuilding and remodeling fell significantly during the recent recession, employment of drywall and ceiling tile installers experienced much larger declines than the construction industry as a whole. As the construction industry recovers, employment of these workers will rebound faster than the overall industry in the next decade.
Tapers	47-2082	Drywall and insulation contractors	238310	A moderate increase is expected as demand for homebuilding and remodeling fell significantly during the recent recession, and as a result employment of tapers experienced much larger declines than the construction industry as a whole. As the construction industry recovers, employment of these workers will rebound faster than the overall industry in the next decade.
Insulation Workers, Mechanical	47-2132	All industries		A small increase is expected as industrial and commercial facilities increase the amount of insulation for mechanical systems and buildings, thus increasing the demand for mechanical insulation workers.
Paperhangers	47-2142	Painting and wall covering contractors	238320	A moderate decrease is expected as wall paper loses market share to other wall coverings such as paint causing demand for paperhangers to decrease.
Pipelayers	47-2151	Other specialty trade contractors	238900	A moderate increase is expected as demand for public utility construction fell significantly during the recent recession, employment of pipelayers experienced much larger declines than the construction industry as a whole. As public utility construction industry recovers and large scale pipelines projects progress, employment of these workers will rebound faster than the overall industry in the next decade.
Plasterers and Stucco Masons	47-2161	All industries		A small decrease is expected as plaster and stucco lose market share to other materials reducing the demand for plasterers and stucco masons.
Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers	47-2171	All industries		A small increase is expected as the greater use of concrete in building requires additional reinforcing workers.
Sheet Metal Workers	47-2211	Plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning contractors	238220	A small decrease is expected as the use of prefabricated ductwork reduces need for sheet metal workers during installation.
Structural Iron and Steel Workers	47-2221	Architectural and structural metals manufacturing	332300	A small decrease is expected as other workers perform tasks formerly done by iron workers.
Structural Iron and Steel Workers	47-2221	Nonresidential building construction	236200	A small decrease is expected as construction is using more concrete with steel reinforcement rather than structural steel.
Helpers--Brickmasons, Blockmasons, Stonemasons, and Tile and Marble Setters	47-3011	Nonresidential building construction	236200	A moderate increase is expected as demand for homebuilding and remodeling fell significantly during the recent recession, employment of brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters' helpers experienced much larger declines than the construction industry as a whole. As the construction industry recovers, employment of these workers will rebound faster than the overall industry in the next decade.
Helpers--Carpenters	47-3012	All industries		A moderate increase is expected as demand for homebuilding and remodeling fell significantly during the recent recession, employment of carpenter helpers experienced much larger declines than the construction industry as a whole. As the construction industry recovers, employment of these helpers will rebound faster than the overall industry in the next decade.
Helpers--Painters, Paperhangers, Plasterers, and Stucco Masons	47-3014	All industries		A small decrease is expected as there is a reduced demand for these wall coverings.
Helpers--Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters	47-3015	Plumbing, heating, and air-conditioning contractors	238220	A small increase is expected as demand for homebuilding and remodeling fell significantly during the recent recession, and employment of pipelayers, plumbers, and steamfitters helpers experienced much larger declines than the construction industry as a whole. As the construction industry recovers, employment of these workers will rebound faster than the overall industry in the next decade.
Helpers--Roofers	47-3016	All industries		A small decrease is expected as the roofing industry shifts away from the use of helpers.
Helpers, Construction Trades, All Other	47-3019	Employment services	561300	A moderate increase is expected as demand for homebuilding and remodeling fell significantly during the recent recession, and employment of helpers generally experienced much larger declines than the construction industry as a whole. As the construction industry recovers, employment of these workers will rebound faster than the overall industry in the next decade.
Construction and Building Inspectors	47-4011	State government, excluding education and hospitals	999200	A small increase is expected as demand for homebuilding and remodeling fell significantly during the recent recession, employment of construction and building inspectors experienced much larger declines than the construction industry as a whole. As the construction industry recovers, employment of these workers will rebound faster than the overall industry in the next decade.
Hazardous Materials Removal Workers	47-4041	Waste collection	562100	A small increase is expected as there has been growth in the removal of hazardous materials from garbage and in recycling programs.
Derrick Operators, Oil and Gas	47-5011	Support activities for mining	213000	A small increase is expected as drilling in increasingly inhospitable regions requires larger staff to monitor and maintain derricks.
Service Unit Operators, Oil, Gas, and Mining	47-5013	Support activities for mining	213000	A small increase is expected as exploration and drilling in increasingly remote regions and less hospitable climates will require larger staffing to monitor and maintain equipment.
Earth Drillers, Except Oil and Gas	47-5021	Support activities for mining	213000	A small decrease is expected as the industry replaces traditional drilling methods with new methods.
Continuous Mining Machine Operators	47-5041	Metal ore mining	212200	A small increase is expected as there is greater demand for metals.
Continuous Mining Machine Operators	47-5041	Coal mining	212100	A small increase is expected as the demand for eastern coal grows.
Mine Cutting and Channeling Machine Operators	47-5042	Metal ore mining	212200	A small increase is expected as there is a growing demand for metals, which increases demand for operators.
Mine Cutting and Channeling Machine Operators	47-5042	Coal mining	212100	A small increase is expected as there is a growing demand for coal, which increases demand for operators.
Roof Bolters, Mining	47-5061	Coal mining	212100	A small increase is expected as there is demand for high quality coal, which keeps eastern coal mines in operation, and older mines are reopening, which increases the demand for roof bolters.
Roustabouts, Oil and Gas	47-5071	Support activities for mining	213000	A small increase is expected as drilling in more remote and less hospitable climates increases such that firms will need to increase staffing for rotations to remote locales.
Helpers--Extraction Workers	47-5081	Oil and gas extraction	211000	A moderate increase is expected as high oil prices keep marginal wells operational and new oil fields are opened.
Extraction Workers, All Other	47-5099	Support activities for mining	213000	A small decrease is expected as automation and productivity gains reduce the demand for these workers.
Computer, Automated Teller, and Office Machine Repairers	49-2011	Professional and commercial equipment and supplies merchant wholesalers	423400	A small decrease is expected as technological improvements reduce the need for repair workers.
Avionics Technicians	49-2091	Scheduled air transportation	481100	A small decrease is expected as airline companies continue to outsource mechanical work on planes.
Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related Repairers	49-2092	Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment (except automotive and electronic) repair and maintenance	811300	A small decrease is expected as productivity related to tools and systems improve.
Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay	49-2095	Electric power generation, transmission and distribution	221100	A moderate increase is expected as the development of a smartgrid requires additional stations and systems that these workers maintain.
Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles	49-2096	Automotive parts, accessories, and tire stores	441300	A small decrease is expected as preinstalled electronics reduces the demand for aftermarket equipment to be installed by these workers.
Aircraft Mechanics and Service Technicians	49-3011	Scheduled air transportation	481100	A small decrease is expected as airline companies continue to outsource mechanical work on planes.
Aircraft Mechanics and Service Technicians	49-3011	Couriers and express delivery services	492100	A small decrease is expected as airline companies continue to outsource mechanical work on planes.
Industrial Machinery Mechanics	49-9041	All industries		A moderate increase is expected as automation and usage of machinery increases, causing more of these workers to be needed for repairs.
Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers	49-9051	Electric power generation, transmission and distribution	221100	A small increase is expected as the rebuilding of our nation’s infrastructure, including the addition of green energy, increases the need for installers and repairers.
Medical Equipment Repairers	49-9062	All industries		A moderate increase is expected as the increasing use of healthcare equipment requires additional medical equipment repairers.
Riggers	49-9096	Support activities for mining	213000	A small increase is expected as growth in oil and gas extraction increases the demand for rigging.
Aircraft Structure, Surfaces, Rigging, and Systems Assemblers	51-2011	All industries		A moderate increase is expected as these workers assume the responsibilities that previously were performed by other occupations.
Coil Winders, Tapers, and Finishers	51-2021	Electrical equipment manufacturing	335300	A small decrease is expected as automation and outsourcing of this work will decrease the need for workers.
Coil Winders, Tapers, and Finishers	51-2021	Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing	334400	A small decrease is expected as automation and outsourcing of this work will decrease the need for workers.
Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers	51-2022	Audio and video equipment manufacturing	334300	A small increase is expected as the rapid pace of innovation and technological advancements requires more of these workers to assemble the equipment.
Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers	51-2022	Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing	334400	A small increase is expected as semiconductors and other electronic items being imported increases the need for these assemblers.
Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers	51-2022	Communications equipment manufacturing	334200	A small increase is expected as changing technology requires more of these workers to assemble the communications equipment manufactured.
Electromechanical Equipment Assemblers	51-2023	Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and control instruments manufacturing	334500	A moderate increase is expected as more of the assembly work done in this industry requires specialized elecromechanical equipment assemblers.
Electromechanical Equipment Assemblers	51-2023	Electrical equipment manufacturing	335300	A moderate increase is expected as more of the assembly work done in this industry requires specialized elecromechanical equipment assemblers.
Engine and Other Machine Assemblers	51-2031	Engine, turbine, and power transmission equipment manufacturing	333600	A small increase is expected as growth in emerging technologies and in freight transport increases the need for these workers.
Fiberglass Laminators and Fabricators	51-2091	Motor vehicle body and trailer manufacturing	336200	A small decrease is expected as manufacturers use materials other than fiberglass, decreasing the need for these workers.
Fiberglass Laminators and Fabricators	51-2091	Ship and boat building	336600	A small decrease is expected as automation and foreign competition decreases the need for ship and boat building workers.
Butchers and Meat Cutters	51-3021	Specialty food stores	445200	A moderate increase is expected as management and other positions in the industry decline in favor of meat cutters. Continued demand pressures and limited ability to automate will lead to continued occupational growth.
Meat, Poultry, and Fish Cutters and Trimmers	51-3022	Grocery stores	445100	A small increase is expected as retailers move away from employing fully trained butchers and hire the less experienced meat cutters.
Meat, Poultry, and Fish Cutters and Trimmers	51-3022	Specialty food stores	445200	A small increase is expected as retailers move away from employing fully trained butchers and hire the less experienced meat cutters.
Meat, Poultry, and Fish Cutters and Trimmers	51-3022	Seafood product preparation and packaging	311700	A small increase is expected as industry consolidation reduces the need for managerial workers and the demand for processors remains.
Meat, Poultry, and Fish Cutters and Trimmers	51-3022	Animal slaughtering and processing	311600	A small increase is expected as industry consolidation reduces the need for managerial workers and the demand for processors remains.
Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders	51-3091	Dairy product manufacturing	311500	A small increase is expected as worldwide demand for processed dairy products increases and the industry employs fewer managerial workers.
Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders	51-3091	Animal slaughtering and processing	311600	A moderate increase is expected as the industry produces more cooked or partially cooked convenience foods.
Computer-Controlled Machine Tool Operators, Metal and Plastic	51-4011	All industries		A small increase is expected as the transition towards computer controlled machinery continues.
Computer Numerically Controlled Machine Tool Programmers, Metal and Plastic	51-4012	All industries		A small increase is expected as manufacturers use more computer controlled machine tools, increasing the need for these workers.
Drilling and Boring Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic	51-4032	All industries		A moderate decrease is expected as the tasks performed by this occupation are increasingly automated.
Metal-Refining Furnace Operators and Tenders	51-4051	Iron and steel mills and ferroalloy manufacturing	331100	A moderate increase is expected as more manufacturers use this technology, increasing the need for these workers who operate and maintain the machinery.
Pourers and Casters, Metal	51-4052	All industries		A small increase is expected as more manufacturers use this technology, increasing the need for these workers who operate and maintain the machinery.
Model Makers, Metal and Plastic	51-4061	All industries		A small decrease is expected as automation and computer controlled machinery increases.
Patternmakers, Metal and Plastic	51-4062	All industries		A small decrease is expected as automation and computer controlled machinery increases.
Tool Grinders, Filers, and Sharpeners	51-4194	Sawmills and wood preservation	321100	A small increase is expected as more manufacturers use this technology, increasing the need for these workers who operate and maintain the machinery.
Tool Grinders, Filers, and Sharpeners	51-4194	Metalworking machinery manufacturing	333500	A small increase is expected as more manufacturers use this technology, increasing the need for these workers who operate and maintain the machinery.
Prepress Technicians and Workers	51-5111	Printing and related support activities	323000	A moderate decrease is expected as the continuing use of computers and publishing software will reduce the need for these workers.
Prepress Technicians and Workers	51-5111	Newspaper publishers	511110	A moderate decrease is expected as newspapers' print circulation declines and more content is published online.
Furniture Finishers	51-7021	Furniture stores	442100	A small decrease is expected as automation lessens the need for this occupation.
Furniture Finishers	51-7021	Office furniture (including fixtures) manufacturing	337200	A small decrease is expected as automation lessens the need for this occupation.
Nuclear Power Reactor Operators	51-8011	Electric power generation, transmission and distribution	221100	A small increase is expected as a result of new nuclear plant openings.
Power Distributors and Dispatchers	51-8012	Electric power generation, transmission and distribution	221100	A small increase is expected as a growing population will require distributors and dispatchers to distribute power to a widening grid of people.
Power Plant Operators	51-8013	Electric power generation, transmission and distribution	221100	A small increase is expected as technology makes it possible to automate other industry tasks.
Power Plant Operators	51-8013	Local government, excluding education and hospitals	999300	A small decrease is expected as local governments privatize power generation.
Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant and System Operators	51-8031	Water, sewage and other systems	221300	A small increase is expected as more operators are needed to test water and oversee processes to ensure regulatory compliance.
Chemical Plant and System Operators	51-8091	Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324000	A small increase is expected as a result of growth in petroleum refineries relative to other manufacturing activities.
Gas Plant Operators	51-8092	Pipeline transportation of natural gas	486200	A small increase is expected as technology makes gas transportation more efficient while operators remain essential.
Gas Plant Operators	51-8092	Natural gas distribution	221200	A small increase is expected as technology makes gas distribution more efficient while operators remain essential.
Petroleum Pump System Operators, Refinery Operators, and Gaugers	51-8093	All industries		A small decrease is expected as the work of this occupation is increasingly automated.
Dental Laboratory Technicians	51-9081	Offices of dentists	621200	A moderate decrease is expected as dentists continue to contract this work out to dental laboratories to reduce costs.
Painters, Transportation Equipment	51-9122	Automotive mechanical and electrical repair and maintenance	811110	A small decrease is expected as painters become more productive and consolidation of shops reduces demand for painters.
Painters, Transportation Equipment	51-9122	Automotive body, paint, interior, and glass repair	811120	A moderate decrease is expected as painters become more productive and consolidation of shops reduces demand for painters.
Painting, Coating, and Decorating Workers	51-9123	Grocery stores	445100	A small increase is expected as more stores add bakeries and make cakes.
Painting, Coating, and Decorating Workers	51-9123	Other general merchandise stores	452900	A small increase is expected as more stores add bakeries and make cakes.
Semiconductor Processors	51-9141	Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing	334400	A small decrease is expected as chips get smaller and more semiconductor processing work is automated.
Photographic Process Workers and Processing Machine Operators	51-9151	Pharmacies and drug stores	446110	A large decrease is expected as digital photography continues to gain popularity, which lessens the need for consumers to have their photographs professionally processed.
Photographic Process Workers and Processing Machine Operators	51-9151	Other general merchandise stores	452900	A large decrease is expected as digital photography continues to gain popularity, which lessens the need for consumers to have their photographs professionally processed.
Photographic Process Workers and Processing Machine Operators	51-9151	Other personal services	812900	A large decrease is expected as digital photography continues to gain popularity, which lessens the need for consumers to have their photographs professionally processed.
First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand	53-1021	All industries		A small increase is expected as productivity gains allow supervisors to manage the same amount of work done by fewer employees.
Commercial Pilots	53-2012	Technical and trade schools; private	611500	A small decrease is expected as the number of pilot degrees completed decreases.
Bus Drivers, School or Special Client	53-3022	Elementary and secondary schools; private	611100	A small decrease is expected as school districts contract out their bus drivers and better route efficiency raises the productivity of drivers that are not outsourced.
Bus Drivers, School or Special Client	53-3022	Elementary and secondary schools; local	611100	A small decrease is expected as school districts contract out their bus drivers and better route efficiency raises the productivity of drivers that are not outsourced.
Light Truck or Delivery Services Drivers	53-3033	Couriers and express delivery services	492100	A small decrease is expected as better routing and increased use of technology increase the productivity of this occupation.
Light Truck or Delivery Services Drivers	53-3033	Grocery and related product wholesalers	424400	A small decrease is expected as better routing and increased use of technology increase the productivity of this occupation.
Light Truck or Delivery Services Drivers	53-3033	Specialized freight trucking	484200	A small decrease is expected as better routing and increased use of technology increase the productivity of this occupation.
Light Truck or Delivery Services Drivers	53-3033	General freight trucking	484100	A small decrease is expected as better routing and increased use of technology increase the productivity of this occupation.
Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs	53-3041	Services for the elderly and persons with disabilities	624120	A small increase is expected as paratransit service grows at institutions that serve elderly or disabled people.
Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs	53-3041	Nursing care facilities	623100	A small increase is expected as paratransit service grows at institutions that serve elderly or disabled people.
Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs	53-3041	Community care facilities for the elderly	623300	A small increase is expected as paratransit service grows at institutions that serve elderly or disabled people.
Rail Yard Engineers, Dinkey Operators, and Hostlers	53-4013	Rail transportation	482000	A small decrease is expected as the use of remote locomotive technology grows, which will replace some of these workers.
Parking Lot Attendants	53-6021	All industries		A small decrease is expected as advanced technology and automation creates less demand for these workers.
Transportation Inspectors	53-6051	All industries		A small increase is expected as the increase in security concerns raises the demand for transportation inspectors.
Transportation Attendants, Except Flight Attendants	53-6061	Elementary and secondary schools; local	611100	A large decrease is expected as budgetary constraints result in cuts to this occupation.
Conveyor Operators and Tenders	53-7011	Couriers and express delivery services	492100	A small decrease is expected as high speed conveyors and sorting systems raise the productivity of this occupation.
Crane and Tower Operators	53-7021	Support activities for water transportation	488300	A small increase is expected as the increase in global shipping raises the demand for these workers, who load and unload cargo.
Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators	53-7051	Support activities for water transportation	488300	A small increase is expected as an increase in global shipping causes more material movers, such as fork lift drivers, to be needed to load and unload cargo at ports.
Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators	53-7051	Beer, wine, and distilled alcoholic beverage merchant wholesalers	424800	A small decrease is expected as a result of automation.
Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators	53-7051	Warehousing and storage	493000	A small decrease is expected as a result of automation.
Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators	53-7051	Grocery and related product wholesalers	424400	A small decrease is expected as a result of automation.
Cleaners of Vehicles and Equipment	53-7061	Other automotive repair and maintenance	811190	A small decrease is expected as most new car washes use conveyor systems and are not full service, and therefore do not require this occupation.
Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand	53-7062	Employment services	561300	A small decrease is expected as automation increases the productivity of these workers, making it less likely that businesses will hire temporary workers.
Machine Feeders and Offbearers	53-7063	All industries		A small decrease is expected as automation and tasks increasingly being performed by other workers combine to lessen the need for these workers.
Packers and Packagers, Hand	53-7064	Grocery stores	445100	A small decrease is expected as grocery store baggers are used less frequently.
Refuse and Recyclable Material Collectors	53-7081	Waste collection	562100	A small increase is expected as curbside recycling programs continue to grow, leading to increased demand for these workers.
Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders	53-7121	All industries		A small decrease is expected as automated loading systems increase efficiency.
Source: Employment Projections program, U.S. Department of Labor, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Last Modified Date: February 1, 2012

US Department of Labor

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

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