Office of Planning, Environment, & Realty (HEP)
Planning
Federal Highway Administration
October 2011
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This booklet is based on research conducted by ICF International with support from Renaissance Planning Group. The primary authors of this document are Harrison Rue and Kathleen Rooney of ICF; and Katharine Ange, Whit Blanton, and Dan Hardy of Renaissance Planning Group. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) project management team and reviewers provided significant and invaluable discussion, review, and input.
This report was funded in part through a contract from the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT), Federal Highway Administration's Surface Transportation Environment and Planning Cooperative Research Program. This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the USDOT in the interest of information exchange. The U.S. Government assumes no liability for the use of the information contained in this document and does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trademarks or manufacturers' names appear in this report only because they are considered essential to the objective of the document. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.
The FHWA provides high quality information to serve Government, industry, and the public in a manner that promotes public understanding. Standards and policies are used to ensure and maximize the quality, objectivity, utility, and integrity of its information. FHWA periodically reviews quality issues and adjusts its programs and processes to ensure continuous quality improvement.
Cover photo credits:
Renaissance Planning Group
Prepared for
Department of Transportation
Federal Highway Administration
Office of Planning, Environment, and Realty
1200 New Jersey Avenue, S.E., Room E72-125, Washington, DC 20590
Prepared by
ICF International
2222 East NC-54, Suite 480
Durham, NC 27713
FHWA-HEP-12-003