EITC, Earned Income Tax Credit, Questions and Answers

Here is a list of questions you frequently ask about EITC. Scroll down to find our answers

• What is the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)?
• Who can claim the credit and how do I get it?
• IRS denied my EITC last year, but I qualify this year, what should I do?
• Who is a qualifying child?
• Who is an eligible foster child?
• What is Earned Income?
• How do I figure my credit?
• If I get the Advance EITC or AEITC do I have to file a tax return?
• What if I am prohibited from claiming the EITC for a period of years?
• Where can I get more information?

What is the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)?

EITC, the earned income tax credit is a benefit for certain people who work and have low to moderate wages. A tax credit means more money in your pocket. It reduces the amount of tax you owe and may also give you a refund.

EITC is also called EIC or Earned Income Credit.

Who can claim the credit and and if I qualify, how do I get it?

To claim EITC on your tax return, you must meet all the following rules:

• You, your spouse (if you file a joint return), and all other listed on Schedule EIC, must have a valid Social Security Number.
• You must have earned income from working for someone else or running or operating a farm or business;
• Your filing status cannot be married filing separately.
• You must be a U.S. citizen or resident alien all year, or a nonresident alien married to a U.S. citizen or resident alien and filing a joint return.
• You cannot be a qualifying child of another person.
• You cannot file Form 2555 or Form 2555 EZ. (Related to foreign earn income)
• You must meet these EITC Income Limits, Maximum Credit Amounts and Tax Law Updates
• And you must meet one of the following:
  • Have a qualifying child (see who is a qualifying child below), or
  • If you do not have a qualifying child, you must:
    • be age 25 but under 65 at the end of the year,
    • live in the United States for more than half the year, and
    • not qualify as a dependent of another person.

If you qualify for EITC, you have to file a tax return with the IRS, even if you owe no tax or are not required to file.

IRS denied my EITC last year, but I qualify this year, what should I do?

If IRS denied or reduced your EITC for any year after 1996 for any reason other than a math or clerical error. You must qualify to claim the credit by meeting all the rules described above and you must attach a completed Form 8862, Information to Claim Earned Income Credit After Disallowance, to your next tax return to claim EITC.

But, do not file Form 8862 if either (1) or (2) below is true.

1. After your EITC was reduced or disallowed in the earlier year:

• You filed Form 8862 (or other documents) and then IRS allowed, your EITC and
• IRS did not reduce or disallow your EITC again for any reason other than a math or clerical error.

2. You are taking EITC without a qualifying child and the only reason IRS reduced or disallowed your EITC was because a child listed on Schedule EIC was not your qualifying child.

Also, do not file Form 8862 or claim EITC for:

• 2 years after IRS made a final determination to reduce or disallow your EITC due to reckless or intentional disregard of the EITC rules, or
• 10 years after IRS made a final determination to reduce or disallow your EITC due to fraud.

Who is a qualifying child?

Your child is a qualifying child if your child meets all of the following tests:

1. Relationship
2. Age
3. Residency
4. Joint Return

Relationship

To be your qualifying child, a child must be your:

• Son, daughter, stepchild, eligible foster child, or a descendant of any of them (for example, your grandchild), or
• Brother, sister, half brother, half sister, stepbrother, stepsister, or a descendant of any of them (for example, your niece or nephew).

Definitions to clarify the relationship test

Adopted child. An adopted child is always treated as your own child. This includes a child who was lawfully placed with you for legal adoption.

Eligible Foster Child. A person is your eligible foster child if the child is placed with you by an authorized placement agency or by judgment, decree, or other order of any court of competent jurisdiction.

Age

Your child must be:

1. Under age 19 at the end of the year and younger than you or your spouse if you file a joint return,
2. A full-time student under age 24 at the end of the year and younger than you or your spouse if you file a joint return, or
3. Permanently and totally disabled at any time during the year and any age.

Residency Test

Your child must have lived with you, or your spouse if you file a joint return,in the United States for more than half of the year.

Joint Return Test

Your child must not have filed a joint return or if your child filed a joint return, your child and his/or her spouse filed only to claim a refund and were not required to file a return.

See Publications 596 and 501 for more details

Who is an eligible foster child?

An eligible foster child is one placed with you by an authorized placement agency or by judgment, decree, or other order of any court of competent jurisdiction.

What is Earned Income?

Earned income includes all the taxable income and wages you get from working for someone else or you own or run a business or farm.

Taxable earned income also includes:

• Wages, salaries, and tips;
• Union strike benefits;
• Certain disability benefits received before you reach minimum retirement age; and/or
• Net earnings from self-employment.

Combat Pay
 

You can choose to include your nontaxable combat pay in your taxable earned income to get EITC. But, you have to include all or none of it. Make sure to check to see if including your combat pay as taxable income increases your refund or reduce the amount of tax you owe. If your spouse also has nontaxable combat pay, you can both choose which way is best for you. The amount of your nontaxable combat pay should be shown on your Form W-2, in box 12, with code Q.

How do I figure my credit?

After you know you qualify for EITC, you have two choices of for figuring the credit:

1. Have the IRS figure the credit for you. Follow the instructions for Line 64 a on Form 1040, Line 38a on Form 1040A, or line 8a on Form 1040EZ.
2. Figure the credit yourself. To do this you must use the Earned Income Credit Worksheet (EIC Worksheet) in the instruction booklet for Form 1040, Form 1040A, or Form 1040EZ, and the Earned Income Credit (EIC) Table in the instruction booklet, or use the EITC Assistant Tool online. It is available in both English and Spanish.

For more information, see Chapter 4, Figuring and Claiming the EITC, in Publication 596.

If I get the Advance EITC or AEITC do I have to file a tax return?

Yes. If you receive the Advance EITC or AEITC, you must file a tax return. The Form W-2 provided by your employer will show the amount of the AEITC you received. This amount must be reported on your tax return. You will also be able to claim any additional credit to which you may be entitled.

If you received advance payments of EITC, you must file Form 1040 or Form 1040A to report the payments. Your Form W-2, box 9, will show the amount you received.

What if I am prohibited from claiming the EITC for a period of years?

If IRS denied your EITC for any year after 1996  and found your error was due to reckless or intentional disregard of the EITC rules, you cannot claim  EITC for the next 2 years. If your error was due to fraud,  you cannot claim EITC for the next 10 years. The date IRS denies your EITC and the date on which you file your tax return affects the 2 or 10 year time frame for when you are barred from claiming EITC.

Where can I get more information?

• Find out if you are eligible forEITC by answering some questions and providing basic income information in our EITC Assistant application. Click here for the English Version of the EITC Assistanto haga click aquí para seleccionar la Versión en Español del Asistente EITC.
• Additional Publications and Tools
• EITC Income Limits, Maximum Credit Amounts and Tax Law Updates

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